(6051,6051,1,'Balochi Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','4f3e28c3-e8f5-4b08-a6bb-0e699d011197','<h2>Balochi interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Balochi interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Balochi language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Balochi language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Balochi language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Balochi language, as well as of the culture and history of the Balochi people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The History of the Balochi Language</h2>\nThe Balochi language is known to be one of the oldest living languages in the Indo-Iranian group. Balochi is spoken by approximately 7 million people in Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan and East Africa. The language itself is typically split into three dialect groups: eastern, southern and western dialects. The eastern dialect is heavily influenced by Sindhi while the western dialect is influenced by Persian. The language itself has many words from either Arabic or Persian origin.  It is the primary language of Balochistan, a province of Pakistan. The origin of the Balochi language is unclear but many believe it traveled with the Balochi people as they migrated from their original place of establishment east or southeast of the Caspian region in the 8<sup>th</sup> and 9<sup>th</sup> centuries. It is believed that the language derived from an ancient and lost language from the Parthian Empire, explaining why Balochi is quite close to Kurdish and Persian languages.\n\nBefore 1947, Balochistan province in Pakistan had two official languages: Persian and English. In 1948, the official language of all of Pakistan became Urdu.\n\nAlthough a large amount of people speak Balochi, it is not the official language anywhere in the world. In Balochistan, parents prefer that their children learn Urdu, Persian or English in school. Therefore, there is no parental support to teach Balochistan. Only about 1% of Balochi speaking people can read and write the language; however, there are still newspapers, magazines and literature in Balochi. Nowadays, it is primarily spoken at home and in local communities but not further.\n<h2>Balochi Grammar and Language Writing</h2>\nThe Balochi language has both prepositions (mainly seen in the western dialect of Balochi) and postpositions (mainly see in the eastern dialect of Balochi). The nouns can be said in both masculine and feminine form, plural or singular, and with five cases: nominative, accusative, dative, oblique and vocative. The verbs can be found in past and non-past tenses and other categories of verbs include aspect (imperfective and perfective), mood (indicative, imperative, interrogative and subjunctive) and active and passive voice. Like many other Indo-Iranian languages, the word order follows the subject-object verb style.\n\nBefore the 19<sup>th</sup> century, Balochi was not written. This changed when the British establish a Balochi alphabet based on Latin. In the late 1800s, Balochi scholars split the Balochi language community by adapted Arabic script as a form of writing the language. Even today, there is no standard way of writing Balochi. Outside of Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan, Balochi is written in Latin. The language has 33 letters and 2 diphthongs. In 2000, a Latin-based alphabet was suggested for Balochi.\n<h2>Fun Fact about Balochistan</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>A famous sport in Balochistan, called Bazuki, is when teams try to steal goat carcasses from their opponents while on horseback.</li>\n</ul>','Balochi Translator - Balochi Interpreting - Translator Services','Professional Balochi language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Balochi translator interpreter'),(6052,6052,1,'Bambara Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','9958bbc4-e916-4d52-8be6-1062cd55d71f','<h2>Bambara Translator &amp; Interpreter Services</h2>\nTo meet the needs of a larger audience, one must communicate with them first. As such, CIT brings you some of the most talented linguists in the industry to accurately represent your ideas. No matter the setting, we work with you to ensure that listeners and readers receive your information with clarity. Between marketing projects, business negotiations, and various forms of documentation, our experience in this field allows us to serve you best. In addition, CIT linguists use the most advanced tools in the industry to better adapt your communications to the specifics of different language groups. Working with languages like Bambara poses a challenge to the average interpreter or translator, so reach out to us to work with the best.\n<h2>The Bambara Language</h2>\nAs many as six million Malians speak Bambara, also called Bamanakan. In places like Ghana, Senegal, and all over the Ivory Coast, populations speak it as well. In the same thread, it represents one of the most popular languages in the area, as fewer people speak similar languages, like Dioula. The different dialects include Somono, Segou, San, Beledugu, Ganadugu, Wasulu, and Sikasso. Being able to tell the difference between the dialects will often tell you whether you are working with a skilled Bambara translator or interpreter and an amateur. As the French began to occupy Mali, the people developed a written part of the Manding language.\n\nThe majority of literature associated with it exists in oral form; however, its speakers continue to write it down. Specific members of these communities, called the Griot, function as storytellers, singers, and historians. This way, they pass on the ancient stories of their people. The written language uses Latin script along with some additional elements. It was developed less than 100 years ago.\n<h2>Bambara Grammar</h2>\nThe language uses a subject-object-verb format and does not inflect for gender. Despite its simplicities, many say that it will develop into a very complex language. By adding a -ce, -ke, or -muso suffix to a particular noun, one can change the gender of the word. In the spoken language, French words play a very large part.\n<h2>Hire a Bambara Interpreter or Translator</h2>\nNeed a Bambara interpreter or Azerbaijani translator? CIT is here to help! We’ll draw on our network of thousands of certified, mother-tongue linguists to provide you with a Bambara interpreter or translator when and where you need them. To learn more, schedule a Bambara interpreting assignment, or request a Bambara translation, call us at 888-737-9009 or email us at <a href=\"mailto:info@calinterpreting.com\">info@calinterpreting.com</a>.','Bambara Translator - Bambara Interpreting - Translator Services','Professional Bambara language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Bambara translator interpreter'),(6053,6053,1,'Bambara Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','4ce4a88f-f489-41fd-8731-83cc3231ac9b','<h2>Bambara Translator &amp; Interpreter Services</h2>\nTo meet the needs of a larger audience, one must communicate with them first. As such, CIT brings you some of the most talented linguists in the industry to accurately represent your ideas. No matter the setting, we work with you to ensure that listeners and readers receive your information with clarity. Between marketing projects, business negotiations, and various forms of documentation, our experience in this field allows us to serve you best. In addition, CIT linguists use the most advanced tools in the industry to better adapt your communications to the specifics of different language groups. Working with languages like Bambara poses a challenge to the average interpreter or translator, so reach out to us to work with the best.\n<h2>The Bambara Language</h2>\nAs many as six million Malians speak Bambara, also called Bamanakan. In places like Ghana, Senegal, and all over the Ivory Coast, populations speak it as well. In the same thread, it represents one of the most popular languages in the area, as fewer people speak similar languages, like Dioula. The different dialects include Somono, Segou, San, Beledugu, Ganadugu, Wasulu, and Sikasso. Being able to tell the difference between the dialects will often tell you whether you are working with a skilled Bambara translator or interpreter and an amateur. As the French began to occupy Mali, the people developed a written part of the Manding language.\n\nThe majority of literature associated with it exists in oral form; however, its speakers continue to write it down. Specific members of these communities, called the Griot, function as storytellers, singers, and historians. This way, they pass on the ancient stories of their people. The written language uses Latin script along with some additional elements. It was developed less than 100 years ago.\n<h2>Bambara Grammar</h2>\nThe language uses a subject-object-verb format and does not inflect for gender. Despite its simplicities, many say that it will develop into a very complex language. By adding a -ce, -ke, or -muso suffix to a particular noun, one can change the gender of the word. In the spoken language, French words play a very large part.\n<h2>Hire a Bambara Interpreter or Translator</h2>\nNeed a Bambara interpreter or Azerbaijani translator? CIT is here to help! We’ll draw on our network of thousands of certified, mother-tongue linguists to provide you with a Bambara interpreter or translator when and where you need them. To learn more, schedule a Bambara interpreting assignment, or request a Bambara translation, call us at 888-737-9009 or email us at <a href=\"mailto:info@calinterpreting.com\">info@calinterpreting.com</a>.','Bambara Translator - Bambara Interpreting - Translator Services','Professional Bambara language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Bambara translator interpreter'),(6054,6054,1,'Bavarian To English Translation','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','70800d82-ce90-46de-a892-25a451e4999a','<h2>Fast, Efficient, Certified Bavarian Translation Service</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers <a href=\"https://calinterpreting.com/translation-services/short-notice-translation-services/\">rush</a>, <a href=\"https://calinterpreting.com/translation-services/certified-document-translation/\">certified</a>, 24 hour Bavarian to English translation. We interpret and translate legal, medical, and specialty documents, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration, and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Bavarian to English language services including interpretation, translation, and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field-tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Bavarian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Bavarian language interpreters and translators possess in-depth knowledge of the Bavarian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Bavarian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Bavarian Language</h2>\nThe<a href=\"https://www.invest-in-bavaria.com/en/blog/post/bavarias-dialects-from-schderapfudzger-and-knedla\"> Bavarian language</a> is spoken by approximately 15 million people worldwide. Bavarian is also known as Bairisch, Bavarian Austrian, Bayerisch, Ost-Oberdeutsch.\n\nBavarian is spoken primarily in Lower Austrian and the Salzbur states along with Burgenland, Carinthia and Styria, which speaks the Northern Bavarian dialect. The Bavarian language is also spoken in Italy and the Czech Republic. It belongs to the Upper German languages, which are spoken in Bavaria, located in southern Germany.\n\nIn Italy, Bavarian is spoken in South Tyrol, particularly in the Trentino-Alto Adige. In the Czech Republic, it is spoken in South Bohemia. It is reported that Bavarian is also spoken in Switzerland and in Hungary.\n\nBavarian has a language status of 5, indicating that it is still developing. It is classified as an Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, German, Upper German, and Bavarian-Austrian language. There are four dialects of Bavarian: Central Bavarian (Danube Bavarian), North Bavaria (Upper Franconian), South Bavarian, and Salzburgish.\n\nIn Swabia, the dialect most commonly spoken in Swabian, which comes from the Alemannic dialect. The Upper Palatinate people speak Northern Bavarian.\n\nNorthern Bavarian, known as Noadboarisch, is spoken in the district of Wunsiedel in Upper Franconia. Central Bavarian, known as Middlboarisch, or Danube/Danubian Bavarian is spoken in Munich, Upper Bavaria, Lower Bavaria, southern Upper Palatinate, and Swabia. Southern Bavarian, known as Sildboarisch or Alpine Bavarian, is spoken in Tyrol, Carinthia, Styria, southern parts of Salzburg and Burgenland in Austria, and lastly, in southern Tyrol, located in Italy.\n\nThe Bavarian language has a subject-object-verb typology. This indicates that the subject, object, and verb in a sentence will always appear that way and in this order. There are 2 prefixes and 3 to 4 suffixes on a word. Suffixes can mark the gender of the subject and person, number, and gender of object.\n\nThe Bavarian language was first written in the 11<sup>th</sup> century. The <a href=\"https://omniglot.com/writing/bavarian.htm\">Bavarian alphabet follows the Latin script</a> and is used heavily to write poems and songs.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Bavaria</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Bavaria is the oldest city in Germany</li>\n 	<li>Bavaria was the first region in Europe to be precisely measured</li>\n</ul>','Bavarian to English Translation','Professional Bavarian to English translation. Rush certified translations no problem. No minimum document sizes. 24 hr service 888.737.9009','bavarian to English translation'),(6055,6055,1,'Bavarian To English Translation','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','634494eb-ac4e-42af-be3a-9f13d98b3bd8','<h2>Fast, Efficient, Certified Bavarian Translation Service</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers <a href=\"https://calinterpreting.com/translation-services/short-notice-translation-services/\">rush</a>, <a href=\"https://calinterpreting.com/translation-services/certified-document-translation/\">certified</a>, 24 hour Bavarian to English translation. We interpret and translate legal, medical, and specialty documents, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration, and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Bavarian to English language services including interpretation, translation, and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field-tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Bavarian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Bavarian language interpreters and translators possess in-depth knowledge of the Bavarian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Bavarian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Bavarian Language</h2>\nThe<a href=\"https://www.invest-in-bavaria.com/en/blog/post/bavarias-dialects-from-schderapfudzger-and-knedla\"> Bavarian language</a> is spoken by approximately 15 million people worldwide. Bavarian is also known as Bairisch, Bavarian Austrian, Bayerisch, Ost-Oberdeutsch.\n\nBavarian is spoken primarily in Lower Austrian and the Salzbur states along with Burgenland, Carinthia and Styria, which speaks the Northern Bavarian dialect. The Bavarian language is also spoken in Italy and the Czech Republic. It belongs to the Upper German languages, which are spoken in Bavaria, located in southern Germany.\n\nIn Italy, Bavarian is spoken in South Tyrol, particularly in the Trentino-Alto Adige. In the Czech Republic, it is spoken in South Bohemia. It is reported that Bavarian is also spoken in Switzerland and in Hungary.\n\nBavarian has a language status of 5, indicating that it is still developing. It is classified as an Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, German, Upper German, and Bavarian-Austrian language. There are four dialects of Bavarian: Central Bavarian (Danube Bavarian), North Bavaria (Upper Franconian), South Bavarian, and Salzburgish.\n\nIn Swabia, the dialect most commonly spoken in Swabian, which comes from the Alemannic dialect. The Upper Palatinate people speak Northern Bavarian.\n\nNorthern Bavarian, known as Noadboarisch, is spoken in the district of Wunsiedel in Upper Franconia. Central Bavarian, known as Middlboarisch, or Danube/Danubian Bavarian is spoken in Munich, Upper Bavaria, Lower Bavaria, southern Upper Palatinate, and Swabia. Southern Bavarian, known as Sildboarisch or Alpine Bavarian, is spoken in Tyrol, Carinthia, Styria, southern parts of Salzburg and Burgenland in Austria, and lastly, in southern Tyrol, located in Italy.\n\nThe Bavarian language has a subject-object-verb typology. This indicates that the subject, object, and verb in a sentence will always appear that way and in this order. There are 2 prefixes and 3 to 4 suffixes on a word. Suffixes can mark the gender of the subject and person, number, and gender of object.\n\nThe Bavarian language was first written in the 11<sup>th</sup> century. The <a href=\"https://omniglot.com/writing/bavarian.htm\">Bavarian alphabet follows the Latin script</a> and is used heavily to write poems and songs.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Bavaria</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Bavaria is the oldest city in Germany</li>\n 	<li>Bavaria was the first region in Europe to be precisely measured</li>\n</ul>','Bavarian to English Translation','Professional Bavarian to English translation. Rush certified translations no problem. No minimum document sizes. 24 hr service 888.737.9009','bavarian to English translation'),(6056,6056,1,'Basque Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','6783caad-612b-4dd6-9ffb-1a00606a8664','<h2>Basque interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Basque interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Basque language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Basque language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Basque language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Basque language, as well as of the culture and history of the Basque people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Basque Language</h2>\nThe Basque Language, also known as Euskara or Euskere, was one of the last languages spoken in southwestern Europe before the Romans took over between the 2<sup>nd</sup> and 1<sup>st</sup> centuries BE. Presently, it is currently used in about 3,900 square miles within Spain and France. There are several Basque speakers in Europe and North and South America. Most people who speak Basque speak another language as well. It is estimated that there are close to 1 million <strong> </strong>Basque speakers worldwide. Basque became official for only a short period of time during the Spanish Civil War, between 1936 and 1937. In 1978, both Basque and Castilian Spanish became the official languages of the Basque Country of Spain.\n\nThe Basque Country in Spain is made up of the province of Guipuzcoa, parts of Vizcaya (Biscay) and Navarra (Navarre) along with a corner of Alava. The French Basque country is in the western region of the <em>department de Pyrenees-Atlantiques.</em>\n\nThe Basque people call themselves Euskaldnak, deriving from the word Euskara which is the ethnonym of the language.\n<h2>Origins of the Basque Language</h2>\nThe Basque language can be divided into eight dialects, which were recognized by the philologist Louis-Lucien Bonaparte in the 19<sup>th</sup> century. In the late 19<sup>th</sup> century, a German philologist, Hugo Schuchardt made a genetic connection between multiple languages, including Basque, Iberian (an extinct language from ancient Spain and the Mediterranean cost of France) and other Afro-Asiatic languages. There are some suggestions between the Basque and Caucasian languages as well.\n<h2>History of the Basque Language</h2>\nIn the early years of the Common Era, it is proposed that the Basque language was spoken in the north and south of the Pyrenees and as east as the Aran Valley in the northeastern part of Spain. Historians have concluded that the occupation of the Roman administration is what saved the Basque dialects from being overcome by Latino. However, the eastern dialects of Basque were separated from other Romantic language speakers, were not as lucky.\n\nIn the Middle Ages, the Basque language was spoken primarily in rural areas, thus making it harder to hold up against the more predominant Latin language, which was spoken more popularly. Similarly, the Basque language has slowly become overtaken by Castilian Spanish. Since the 1800s, Basque has been struggling to survive. There have been efforts to bring Basque as private primary education and a written standard.\n<h2>Phonology, Grammar and Vocabulary</h2>\nOverall, Basque is quite similar to Spanish. This includes the sound patter, with very few distinctive sounds. The common sound system of Basque has five vowels and a series of two consonants. There are also nasal and palatal sounds, such as a <em>ny</em> sounding English (ex: canyon). Another component of the phenology are the hissing and hushing sibilants, which are sounds that are made by forcing air through a small closure between the tongue and the hard palate. Some of these simulants are <em>x</em> or <em>tx</em>. In some regions, such as the Souletin region, the dialect of Basque spoken has acquired another vowel.\n\nWhen discussing Basque grammar, it is important to mention three features that are critical in describing Basque syntax. A suffix in Basque is the equivalent to what the subject of a transitive verb would be in English. Another feature is in regard to the finite verb. It acts as a summary of the noun phrases in a sentence through inflection for tense, voice, person, number and mood and can be found in 1<sup>st</sup>, 2<sup>nd</sup> and 3<sup>rd</sup> person. The last feature is the required use of allocative verb forms. This means that in all forms of addressing someone, the non-subordinate verbs must agree with the sex of the addressee.\n\nGrammar in Basque has evolved, like many other languages. It has borrowed languages and idioms from neighboring languages, also known as “loan words.” Conversely, Basque has also contributed to other languages such as Spanish, French, Occitan and English languages. There are certain names that are almost exclusive to Basque origins such as Aramburu, Bolivar, Echeverria and Guevara.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Basque</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Euskera (Basque) is the most distinctive language spoken in Spain</li>\n 	<li>The Basque people have their own unique drink, called La Rioja, a unique wine.</li>\n 	<li>The Basque people have their own national sport, called <em>pelota</em>.</li>\n</ul>','Basque Translator - Basque Interpreter - Language Translator Service','Professional Basque language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Basque translator interpreter'),(6057,6057,1,'Basque Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','0e08fa05-4bd7-426a-b052-8f30a4d75251','<h2>Basque interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Basque interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Basque language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Basque language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Basque language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Basque language, as well as of the culture and history of the Basque people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Basque Language</h2>\nThe Basque Language, also known as Euskara or Euskere, was one of the last languages spoken in southwestern Europe before the Romans took over between the 2<sup>nd</sup> and 1<sup>st</sup> centuries BE. Presently, it is currently used in about 3,900 square miles within Spain and France. There are several Basque speakers in Europe and North and South America. Most people who speak Basque speak another language as well. It is estimated that there are close to 1 million <strong> </strong>Basque speakers worldwide. Basque became official for only a short period of time during the Spanish Civil War, between 1936 and 1937. In 1978, both Basque and Castilian Spanish became the official languages of the Basque Country of Spain.\n\nThe Basque Country in Spain is made up of the province of Guipuzcoa, parts of Vizcaya (Biscay) and Navarra (Navarre) along with a corner of Alava. The French Basque country is in the western region of the <em>department de Pyrenees-Atlantiques.</em>\n\nThe Basque people call themselves Euskaldnak, deriving from the word Euskara which is the ethnonym of the language.\n<h2>Origins of the Basque Language</h2>\nThe Basque language can be divided into eight dialects, which were recognized by the philologist Louis-Lucien Bonaparte in the 19<sup>th</sup> century. In the late 19<sup>th</sup> century, a German philologist, Hugo Schuchardt made a genetic connection between multiple languages, including Basque, Iberian (an extinct language from ancient Spain and the Mediterranean cost of France) and other Afro-Asiatic languages. There are some suggestions between the Basque and Caucasian languages as well.\n<h2>History of the Basque Language</h2>\nIn the early years of the Common Era, it is proposed that the Basque language was spoken in the north and south of the Pyrenees and as east as the Aran Valley in the northeastern part of Spain. Historians have concluded that the occupation of the Roman administration is what saved the Basque dialects from being overcome by Latino. However, the eastern dialects of Basque were separated from other Romantic language speakers, were not as lucky.\n\nIn the Middle Ages, the Basque language was spoken primarily in rural areas, thus making it harder to hold up against the more predominant Latin language, which was spoken more popularly. Similarly, the Basque language has slowly become overtaken by Castilian Spanish. Since the 1800s, Basque has been struggling to survive. There have been efforts to bring Basque as private primary education and a written standard.\n<h2>Phonology, Grammar and Vocabulary</h2>\nOverall, Basque is quite similar to Spanish. This includes the sound patter, with very few distinctive sounds. The common sound system of Basque has five vowels and a series of two consonants. There are also nasal and palatal sounds, such as a <em>ny</em> sounding English (ex: canyon). Another component of the phenology are the hissing and hushing sibilants, which are sounds that are made by forcing air through a small closure between the tongue and the hard palate. Some of these simulants are <em>x</em> or <em>tx</em>. In some regions, such as the Souletin region, the dialect of Basque spoken has acquired another vowel.\n\nWhen discussing Basque grammar, it is important to mention three features that are critical in describing Basque syntax. A suffix in Basque is the equivalent to what the subject of a transitive verb would be in English. Another feature is in regard to the finite verb. It acts as a summary of the noun phrases in a sentence through inflection for tense, voice, person, number and mood and can be found in 1<sup>st</sup>, 2<sup>nd</sup> and 3<sup>rd</sup> person. The last feature is the required use of allocative verb forms. This means that in all forms of addressing someone, the non-subordinate verbs must agree with the sex of the addressee.\n\nGrammar in Basque has evolved, like many other languages. It has borrowed languages and idioms from neighboring languages, also known as “loan words.” Conversely, Basque has also contributed to other languages such as Spanish, French, Occitan and English languages. There are certain names that are almost exclusive to Basque origins such as Aramburu, Bolivar, Echeverria and Guevara.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Basque</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Euskera (Basque) is the most distinctive language spoken in Spain</li>\n 	<li>The Basque people have their own unique drink, called La Rioja, a unique wine.</li>\n 	<li>The Basque people have their own national sport, called <em>pelota</em>.</li>\n</ul>','Basque Translator - Basque Interpreter - Language Translator Service','Professional Basque language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Basque translator interpreter'),(6058,6058,1,'Belarusian Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','ba6b9e55-4f5e-4900-a120-84d10f6dd447','<h2>Belarusian interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Belarusian interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Belarusian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Belarusian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Belarusian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Belarusian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Belarusian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Belarusian Language</h2>\nThe Belarusian language, also spelled Belarusan, is formerly known as the White Russian, after the Russians who fought against the communists after the Russian Revolution in 1917.  Belarusian is an eastern Slavic language and is native to Belarusians. It is also affiliated with Indo-European, Balto-Slavic and Slavic languages. However, many government departments have favored Russian over Belarusian and is more widely used in education and public life than Belarusian. Belarusian is a middle ground between Russian and Ukrainian languages. There are several dialects of Belarusian as well, which are also incorporated into Russian and Ukrainian dialects. The Central dialects are the standard Belarusian. Additionally, Belarusian contains a lot of Polish loanwords. It is also written in the Cyrillic alphabet.\n\nBelarusian is spoken primarily in Belarus; however, it is spoken in other countries such as Poland, the Czech Republic, Ukraine, Lithuania, Russia, Canada, the USA and Israel. Approximately 7.5 million people worldwide speak Belarusian. However, it is presumed that only about 1/3 of the Belarusian population can read, write and speak the language. Research indicates that Belarusian was first written in the 13<sup>th</sup> century.\n<h2>History of the Belarusian Language</h2>\nBelarus was initially part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuanian from the 13<sup>th</sup> century to the 18<sup>th</sup> century. Since the Greek Orthodox Church heavily influenced the region, Belarusian began being written by Church Slavonic, a liturgical language of the church.  Church Slavonic elements were discarded from literary Belarusian during the Reformation and Counter-Reformation in the 16<sup>th</sup> century. During this time, written Belarusian texts also began appearing in Latin. In 1642, the earliest published Belarusian text in Latin appeared in a Jesuit anti-Lutheran publication called <em>Witanie na Pierwszy Wiazd z Krolowca do Kadlubka Saskiego Wilenskiego.</em>\n\nAbout 80% of the urban population of Belarus was destroyed in the Russian Invasion of 1654-1667. In 1710, Belarusian was replaced by Polish but Belarusian still appeared in writings.  It is not until the 19<sup>th</sup> century that Belarusian started to emerge as the literary language of today’s form. Additionally, it was around this time that Belarusian began being written using the Cyrillic alphabet.<strong>       </strong>\n\nEver since its independence in 1991, the Belarusian people have made many efforts to revive Belarusian with the Latin alphabet. However, there are many arguments as to the proper spelling of Latin words in the Belarusian language. Currently, Belarusian is also written in Arabic script by the Belarusian  Tartars and in Hebrew by the Belarusian  Jews.','Belarusian Translator - Belarusian Interpreter - Translator Service','Professional Belarusian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Belarusian translator interpreter'),(6059,6059,1,'Belarusian Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','e5596b9b-0ecd-4176-9e02-acc040908293','<h2>Belarusian interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Belarusian interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Belarusian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Belarusian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Belarusian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Belarusian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Belarusian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Belarusian Language</h2>\nThe Belarusian language, also spelled Belarusan, is formerly known as the White Russian, after the Russians who fought against the communists after the Russian Revolution in 1917.  Belarusian is an eastern Slavic language and is native to Belarusians. It is also affiliated with Indo-European, Balto-Slavic and Slavic languages. However, many government departments have favored Russian over Belarusian and is more widely used in education and public life than Belarusian. Belarusian is a middle ground between Russian and Ukrainian languages. There are several dialects of Belarusian as well, which are also incorporated into Russian and Ukrainian dialects. The Central dialects are the standard Belarusian. Additionally, Belarusian contains a lot of Polish loanwords. It is also written in the Cyrillic alphabet.\n\nBelarusian is spoken primarily in Belarus; however, it is spoken in other countries such as Poland, the Czech Republic, Ukraine, Lithuania, Russia, Canada, the USA and Israel. Approximately 7.5 million people worldwide speak Belarusian. However, it is presumed that only about 1/3 of the Belarusian population can read, write and speak the language. Research indicates that Belarusian was first written in the 13<sup>th</sup> century.\n<h2>History of the Belarusian Language</h2>\nBelarus was initially part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuanian from the 13<sup>th</sup> century to the 18<sup>th</sup> century. Since the Greek Orthodox Church heavily influenced the region, Belarusian began being written by Church Slavonic, a liturgical language of the church.  Church Slavonic elements were discarded from literary Belarusian during the Reformation and Counter-Reformation in the 16<sup>th</sup> century. During this time, written Belarusian texts also began appearing in Latin. In 1642, the earliest published Belarusian text in Latin appeared in a Jesuit anti-Lutheran publication called <em>Witanie na Pierwszy Wiazd z Krolowca do Kadlubka Saskiego Wilenskiego.</em>\n\nAbout 80% of the urban population of Belarus was destroyed in the Russian Invasion of 1654-1667. In 1710, Belarusian was replaced by Polish but Belarusian still appeared in writings.  It is not until the 19<sup>th</sup> century that Belarusian started to emerge as the literary language of today’s form. Additionally, it was around this time that Belarusian began being written using the Cyrillic alphabet.<strong>       </strong>\n\nEver since its independence in 1991, the Belarusian people have made many efforts to revive Belarusian with the Latin alphabet. However, there are many arguments as to the proper spelling of Latin words in the Belarusian language. Currently, Belarusian is also written in Arabic script by the Belarusian  Tartars and in Hebrew by the Belarusian  Jews.','Belarusian Translator - Belarusian Interpreter - Translator Service','Professional Belarusian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Belarusian translator interpreter'),(6060,6060,1,'Bemba Interpreting & Translating Service','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','f90ccbee-8dc0-4cbc-9f6e-257bc78c0812','<h2>Bemba interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Bemba interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Bemba language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Bemba language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Bemba language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Bemba language, as well as of the culture and history of the Bemba people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Bemba: People and Language</h2>\nAbout 36% of Zambia, or about 3.1 million people, speak the Bemba language. The Bemba people live in the northeastern high plateau of the country, where the area is well watered but the soil is typically poor. Lake Mweru and Lake Bangweulu are well known in the area. Because of the geographic location, the Bemba people are known as forest people.\n\nIn Zambia, people speak many languages, which is a common theme in most of Africa. Most Zambians are multi-lingual. Therefore, most speak English in addition to the mother-tongue, Bemba. The education in high school and university is in English, but the national language of Zambia is Bemba.\n<h2>History of the Bemba</h2>\nThe Bemba people are rich in folklore. There are myths about the origin of their people, with the most popular myth being the Bemba Charter Myth. This myth indicated that in the land of Kola, there were both white and black people. After a fight between the two groups, the white people went to Europe to get rich while the black people stayed and were loyal to their chief, Mukulumpe Mubemba (where the name ‘Bemba’ stems from).\n<h2>Religion and Major Holidays</h2>\nThe Bemba believe in the high god, Leza, who does not deal with everyday problems and lives in the sky. According to the Bemba, he controls thunder and fertility and is a source of magic power. During colonization in the late 1800s, Christian missionaries moved to Zambia and converted many Bemba to Christianity. Most who practice Christianity also follow the traditions of the Bemba and do not believe there to be any conflicts.\n\nThe major holiday of the Bemba is their Independence Day on October 24<sup>th</sup>, which was independence from Britain in 1964. Celebrations in all major cities in Zambia mark this momentous occasion by drinking, dancing and singing. The afternoon is usually filled with soccer games.\n<h2>Fun Facts about the Bemba People</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>In previous times, the most common clothing of the Bemba people was made from bark</li>\n 	<li>One cannot marry someone from their own descent group, or clan. However, one can marry a member from their neighboring clan.</li>\n 	<li>The most popular food source in Zambia is millet, which is ground into flour.</li>\n</ul>','Bemba Interpreting Translating Service - Certified Document, Court','Professional Bemba language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Bemba interpreting translating service'),(6061,6061,1,'Bemba Interpreting & Translating Service','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','7dccc450-523d-4fd8-ac7d-831435f32caf','<h2>Bemba interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Bemba interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Bemba language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Bemba language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Bemba language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Bemba language, as well as of the culture and history of the Bemba people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Bemba: People and Language</h2>\nAbout 36% of Zambia, or about 3.1 million people, speak the Bemba language. The Bemba people live in the northeastern high plateau of the country, where the area is well watered but the soil is typically poor. Lake Mweru and Lake Bangweulu are well known in the area. Because of the geographic location, the Bemba people are known as forest people.\n\nIn Zambia, people speak many languages, which is a common theme in most of Africa. Most Zambians are multi-lingual. Therefore, most speak English in addition to the mother-tongue, Bemba. The education in high school and university is in English, but the national language of Zambia is Bemba.\n<h2>History of the Bemba</h2>\nThe Bemba people are rich in folklore. There are myths about the origin of their people, with the most popular myth being the Bemba Charter Myth. This myth indicated that in the land of Kola, there were both white and black people. After a fight between the two groups, the white people went to Europe to get rich while the black people stayed and were loyal to their chief, Mukulumpe Mubemba (where the name ‘Bemba’ stems from).\n<h2>Religion and Major Holidays</h2>\nThe Bemba believe in the high god, Leza, who does not deal with everyday problems and lives in the sky. According to the Bemba, he controls thunder and fertility and is a source of magic power. During colonization in the late 1800s, Christian missionaries moved to Zambia and converted many Bemba to Christianity. Most who practice Christianity also follow the traditions of the Bemba and do not believe there to be any conflicts.\n\nThe major holiday of the Bemba is their Independence Day on October 24<sup>th</sup>, which was independence from Britain in 1964. Celebrations in all major cities in Zambia mark this momentous occasion by drinking, dancing and singing. The afternoon is usually filled with soccer games.\n<h2>Fun Facts about the Bemba People</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>In previous times, the most common clothing of the Bemba people was made from bark</li>\n 	<li>One cannot marry someone from their own descent group, or clan. However, one can marry a member from their neighboring clan.</li>\n 	<li>The most popular food source in Zambia is millet, which is ground into flour.</li>\n</ul>','Bemba Interpreting Translating Service - Certified Document, Court','Professional Bemba language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Bemba interpreting translating service'),(6062,6062,1,'Berber Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','8f85d8a9-851d-4188-b6ab-09b627303226','<h2>Berber interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Berber interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Berber language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Berber language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Berber language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Berber language, as well as of the culture and history of the Berber people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Berber Language</h2>\nThe Berber languages, which are also known as Amazigh languages, are part of the Afro-Asiatic languages. The largest amount of Berber speakers are found in Morocco, particularly spoken by the mountain people, followed closely by Algeria. Other countries in the world known for speaking Berber include Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Burkina Faso, France and Israel. Approximately 14 million people speak Berber and are mostly found in northern Africa in a region called Maghrib.\n\nSome of the Berber languages include Tashelhit (Tashelhiyt, Tashelhait, Shilha), Tarifit, <a href=\"https://www.britannica.com/topic/Kabyle-language\">Kabyle</a>, Tamazight and <a href=\"https://www.britannica.com/topic/Tamashek-language\">Tamahaq</a>. Some other Berber languages that are no longer alive include Guanche languages from the Canary Islands, Old Libyan languages and Old Mauretanian languages.\n\nBerber languages are not tone languages, unlike other Afro-Asiatic languages. There are many loanwords from Arabic, as several countries that speak Berber are Arab countries. Like other Afro-Asiatic languages, the Berber languages follow the root and pattern system, where the meaning of a word manifests in the consonants. The consonants are known as the root. Other languages, such as Semitic languages, have specific nouns that follow either masculine or feminine gender and Berber nouns follow the same style.  The standard word order of Berber is VSO  (verb-subject-object, and in this order). However, subject-verb-object is usually the most commonly used patter.\n\nIt is common that the Berber languages are rarely written; rather they are passed down from generation to generation orally. The Berber languages are thought to have survived for so long since they are always spoken at home, taught primarily from mother to child. Ever since many nations in North African were granted independence, the Berber people and their languages have often been rejected or thought of lowly. However, in both Algeria and Morocco, the presence of the Berber people is quite strong, even having political parties dedicated and comprised solely of Berber people.\n<h2>About the Berber People</h2>\nThe Berber people typically live in rural environments and avoid busy city life. They can be found in the mountains, plateaus or in the Sahara. One may think of Tuareg, which are camel nomads that roam the Sahara when they think of these areas. However, Berber are actually more sedentary and more focused on their agriculture. Some Berbers are nomadic during specific parts of years to maintain their flock, particularly in the Aures mountains and the southern part of the Middle Atlas. These Berbers live in villages and live quite poorly. Most of their diet depends on small gardens, dry cereal, plants and small flocks of sheep or goats with the occasional cow or two. Most of the Berber men work manual labor, especially between the ages of 16 to 40.\n\nMost Berber cultures stay within the same are they were born and raised. Among the Tuareg Berbers, there is an alphabet, known as <em>tifnagh</em>, which is derived from the Libyan alphabet and has several Arabic similarities. The alphabet can be written from right to left, left to right or even vertically and is typically used for brief writings on rocks to record stories, documents or history. There are currently several attempts to recognize and preserve the Berber culture, however, there is only limited success.\n\nThe Berber people are known for their wonderful art. They are most known for their architecture, pottery, silvery jewelry and textiles. Another great contribution of the Berber people to society is their literature, which includes many traditional stories and tales of animals, ogres, monsters, kings and princesses, and legends. The poetry of the Berber people is synonymous with music and constantly regenerated.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Berber</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>The Berber people are the indigenous people of Africa</li>\n 	<li>The term <em>berber</em> is a variation of a Greek word meaning “barbarians.”</li>\n 	<li>The language has 38 consonants and only 3 vowels</li>\n 	<li>Many Berbers used to live as Jews and Christians until Arabs of Islamic faith came to inhabit north Africa, to which then the Berbers followed the Islamic faith.</li>\n</ul>','Berber Translator - Berber Interpreter - Translation Agency','Professional Berber language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','berber translator interpreter'),(6063,6063,1,'Berber Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','eae8d486-3bc6-4c94-a96d-cc5742c57be8','<h2>Berber interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Berber interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Berber language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Berber language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Berber language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Berber language, as well as of the culture and history of the Berber people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Berber Language</h2>\nThe Berber languages, which are also known as Amazigh languages, are part of the Afro-Asiatic languages. The largest amount of Berber speakers are found in Morocco, particularly spoken by the mountain people, followed closely by Algeria. Other countries in the world known for speaking Berber include Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Burkina Faso, France and Israel. Approximately 14 million people speak Berber and are mostly found in northern Africa in a region called Maghrib.\n\nSome of the Berber languages include Tashelhit (Tashelhiyt, Tashelhait, Shilha), Tarifit, <a href=\"https://www.britannica.com/topic/Kabyle-language\">Kabyle</a>, Tamazight and <a href=\"https://www.britannica.com/topic/Tamashek-language\">Tamahaq</a>. Some other Berber languages that are no longer alive include Guanche languages from the Canary Islands, Old Libyan languages and Old Mauretanian languages.\n\nBerber languages are not tone languages, unlike other Afro-Asiatic languages. There are many loanwords from Arabic, as several countries that speak Berber are Arab countries. Like other Afro-Asiatic languages, the Berber languages follow the root and pattern system, where the meaning of a word manifests in the consonants. The consonants are known as the root. Other languages, such as Semitic languages, have specific nouns that follow either masculine or feminine gender and Berber nouns follow the same style.  The standard word order of Berber is VSO  (verb-subject-object, and in this order). However, subject-verb-object is usually the most commonly used patter.\n\nIt is common that the Berber languages are rarely written; rather they are passed down from generation to generation orally. The Berber languages are thought to have survived for so long since they are always spoken at home, taught primarily from mother to child. Ever since many nations in North African were granted independence, the Berber people and their languages have often been rejected or thought of lowly. However, in both Algeria and Morocco, the presence of the Berber people is quite strong, even having political parties dedicated and comprised solely of Berber people.\n<h2>About the Berber People</h2>\nThe Berber people typically live in rural environments and avoid busy city life. They can be found in the mountains, plateaus or in the Sahara. One may think of Tuareg, which are camel nomads that roam the Sahara when they think of these areas. However, Berber are actually more sedentary and more focused on their agriculture. Some Berbers are nomadic during specific parts of years to maintain their flock, particularly in the Aures mountains and the southern part of the Middle Atlas. These Berbers live in villages and live quite poorly. Most of their diet depends on small gardens, dry cereal, plants and small flocks of sheep or goats with the occasional cow or two. Most of the Berber men work manual labor, especially between the ages of 16 to 40.\n\nMost Berber cultures stay within the same are they were born and raised. Among the Tuareg Berbers, there is an alphabet, known as <em>tifnagh</em>, which is derived from the Libyan alphabet and has several Arabic similarities. The alphabet can be written from right to left, left to right or even vertically and is typically used for brief writings on rocks to record stories, documents or history. There are currently several attempts to recognize and preserve the Berber culture, however, there is only limited success.\n\nThe Berber people are known for their wonderful art. They are most known for their architecture, pottery, silvery jewelry and textiles. Another great contribution of the Berber people to society is their literature, which includes many traditional stories and tales of animals, ogres, monsters, kings and princesses, and legends. The poetry of the Berber people is synonymous with music and constantly regenerated.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Berber</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>The Berber people are the indigenous people of Africa</li>\n 	<li>The term <em>berber</em> is a variation of a Greek word meaning “barbarians.”</li>\n 	<li>The language has 38 consonants and only 3 vowels</li>\n 	<li>Many Berbers used to live as Jews and Christians until Arabs of Islamic faith came to inhabit north Africa, to which then the Berbers followed the Islamic faith.</li>\n</ul>','Berber Translator - Berber Interpreter - Translation Agency','Professional Berber language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','berber translator interpreter'),(6064,6064,1,'Bihari Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','507d900b-4a8c-4699-be60-bf19739accc8','<h2>Bihari interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Bihari interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Bihari language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Bihari language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Bihari language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Bihari language, as well as of the culture and history of the Bihari people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Bihari Language</h2>\nThe Bihari language is spoken primarily in the state of Bihar in India and in the Tarai area of Nepal. It is an Indo-Aryan language and is broken up into three main languages, which are the Maithili, Magadhi and Bhoipurl. Maithili and Magadhi are spoken in the east whereas Bhoipurl is spoken in the west and down to the southern half of Chota Nagpur.\n\nThe second dialect of the Bihari language, Magadhi, is known to be the modern representative of the Magadhi Prakrit. Linguistically, Bihari and its three languages are related closely to Bengahli but are identified with Hindi. Most who speak Bihari also speak Bengali and Hindi.\n\nIn Bihar, other languages are spoken such as Angika, Baijika, Fiji, Hindi, Sarnami, Hindustani, Suraipuri and Kudmail with the official language of Bihar being Hindi.\n<h2>Maithili Language/Dialect</h2>\nMaithili is spoken in the old country of Maithila. It was famous beginning in ancient times and was used often among scholars. Today, it still used many antiquated linguistic forms. Of the three Bihari dialects, Maithili is the only one that had any real literature associated with it. Interestingly enough, the Maithili language and it’s literature has been increasing in interest since 1947. Maithili is also spoken in Jharkhand, West Bengal and East Madgya Pradesh.\n\nOf all the Bihari dialects, Maithili is the only one that is an official separate language according to the Indian constitution (2003). As of 2010, it was estimated that approximately 50 million people speak Maithili. In fact, Maithili speakers often reject Hindi, which may explain why their language is still so strong., although no efforts are made to promote the language. Other districts where Maithili is spoken include Madhubani, Supaul, Araria, Darbhanga, Sitamarhi, Saharsa, Begusarai, Muzaffarpur, Sheohar, Samastipur and Vaishali in the Bihar state.\n<h2>Magahi (Magadhi) Language/Dialect</h2>\nThe Magahi language gets its name from the ancient language of Magadhi Prakrit from Great Magadh in Bihar. It is the official language of the Mauryan Empire and the language spoken by Buddha. Historically, it was spoken in eight areas of Bihar and three of Jharkhand. It is also spoken in the Malda in Bengal. Approximately 20 million people are estimated to speak Magahi. The language is currently under Hindi but is attempting to separate from Hindi.\n<h2>Bhojpuri Language/Dialect</h2>\nOf all the Bihari languages, Bhojpuri is the most popular language. Additionally, it is the third most commonly spoken Indian language outside of India. It is spoken in western Bihari, north-west Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh and is written in Deynagri script. It is also spoken in Nepal, Mauritius, Fiji and Trinidad and Tobago. Currently, the language is struggling to be recognized. Approximately 60 million people speak Bhojpuri. A very successful aspect of the Bhojpuri language is the movie and cinema business.\n<h2>Interesting Facts about Bihar</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>The concept of non-violence originated from Bihar</li>\n 	<li>Bihar is the home of the oldest Hindu temple</li>\n 	<li>Bihar comes from Sanskrit, which means “abode”</li>\n 	<li>Bihari people are considered to be great in mathematics</li>\n 	<li>Bihar has the world’s largest wi-fi range</li>\n 	<li>The ancient city of Vaishali in Bihar is considered by many to be the first republic in history</li>\n</ul>','Bihari Translator & Interpreter - Bihari Translation Services','Professional Bihari language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Bihari Translator Interpreter'),(6065,6065,1,'Bihari Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','7852094e-aef9-4ce6-80c0-01f06a31906a','<h2>Bihari interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Bihari interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Bihari language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Bihari language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Bihari language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Bihari language, as well as of the culture and history of the Bihari people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Bihari Language</h2>\nThe Bihari language is spoken primarily in the state of Bihar in India and in the Tarai area of Nepal. It is an Indo-Aryan language and is broken up into three main languages, which are the Maithili, Magadhi and Bhoipurl. Maithili and Magadhi are spoken in the east whereas Bhoipurl is spoken in the west and down to the southern half of Chota Nagpur.\n\nThe second dialect of the Bihari language, Magadhi, is known to be the modern representative of the Magadhi Prakrit. Linguistically, Bihari and its three languages are related closely to Bengahli but are identified with Hindi. Most who speak Bihari also speak Bengali and Hindi.\n\nIn Bihar, other languages are spoken such as Angika, Baijika, Fiji, Hindi, Sarnami, Hindustani, Suraipuri and Kudmail with the official language of Bihar being Hindi.\n<h2>Maithili Language/Dialect</h2>\nMaithili is spoken in the old country of Maithila. It was famous beginning in ancient times and was used often among scholars. Today, it still used many antiquated linguistic forms. Of the three Bihari dialects, Maithili is the only one that had any real literature associated with it. Interestingly enough, the Maithili language and it’s literature has been increasing in interest since 1947. Maithili is also spoken in Jharkhand, West Bengal and East Madgya Pradesh.\n\nOf all the Bihari dialects, Maithili is the only one that is an official separate language according to the Indian constitution (2003). As of 2010, it was estimated that approximately 50 million people speak Maithili. In fact, Maithili speakers often reject Hindi, which may explain why their language is still so strong., although no efforts are made to promote the language. Other districts where Maithili is spoken include Madhubani, Supaul, Araria, Darbhanga, Sitamarhi, Saharsa, Begusarai, Muzaffarpur, Sheohar, Samastipur and Vaishali in the Bihar state.\n<h2>Magahi (Magadhi) Language/Dialect</h2>\nThe Magahi language gets its name from the ancient language of Magadhi Prakrit from Great Magadh in Bihar. It is the official language of the Mauryan Empire and the language spoken by Buddha. Historically, it was spoken in eight areas of Bihar and three of Jharkhand. It is also spoken in the Malda in Bengal. Approximately 20 million people are estimated to speak Magahi. The language is currently under Hindi but is attempting to separate from Hindi.\n<h2>Bhojpuri Language/Dialect</h2>\nOf all the Bihari languages, Bhojpuri is the most popular language. Additionally, it is the third most commonly spoken Indian language outside of India. It is spoken in western Bihari, north-west Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh and is written in Deynagri script. It is also spoken in Nepal, Mauritius, Fiji and Trinidad and Tobago. Currently, the language is struggling to be recognized. Approximately 60 million people speak Bhojpuri. A very successful aspect of the Bhojpuri language is the movie and cinema business.\n<h2>Interesting Facts about Bihar</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>The concept of non-violence originated from Bihar</li>\n 	<li>Bihar is the home of the oldest Hindu temple</li>\n 	<li>Bihar comes from Sanskrit, which means “abode”</li>\n 	<li>Bihari people are considered to be great in mathematics</li>\n 	<li>Bihar has the world’s largest wi-fi range</li>\n 	<li>The ancient city of Vaishali in Bihar is considered by many to be the first republic in history</li>\n</ul>','Bihari Translator & Interpreter - Bihari Translation Services','Professional Bihari language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Bihari Translator Interpreter'),(6066,6066,1,'Blackfoot Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','5c62fffc-385e-46ec-9c24-f71fd5ba1338','<h2>Blackfoot interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Blackfoot interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Blackfoot language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Blackfoot language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Blackfoot language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Blackfoot language, as well as of the culture and history of the Blackfoot people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Blackfoot Language</h2>\nBlackfoot, also known as Siksika, is one of the Algonquin languages that is spoken in southern Alberta, Canada and northern Montana. Typically, it has free word order but has complex verb morphology. There are two main dialects: Pikanii and Siksika. Within Blackfoot, there is Old Blackfoot which is being spoken by the older population, and New Blackfoot, which is being taught to children and taking the place of Old Blackfoot.\n\nThe Blackfoot Nation can be broken up into four separate nations. They all have historical and cultural similarities but their leadership differs. These nations are the Siksika, the Kainai (Blood Nation), the Pikanii (Peigan Nation) and the Blackfeet Nation. The first three are typically found in Alberta while the last is found in Montana. Historically, the Blackfoot were plain hunters and the enemies of the Shoshone and Nez Perce people. Collectively, there are 14,000 Blackfoot members today but only about 3,400 native speakers of the language. English speakers came up with the term Blackfoot (or Blackfeet for plural) for people of these four nations, as they all speak the same language. Other names for the Blackfoot Nation include Siksikawa, Pekuni, Pincaneux, Piekann, Kainah, Pied Noir, Many Chiefs, Pan-pans, Archithinue, Akainawa and Akainaa. Those who live in Canada are referred to as Aapatohsipikani (or Northern Peigan )while those living in Montana are known as Aamsskaapipikani (or Southern Peigan). Additionally, all Blackfoot Nation members can sometimes be referred to as Niitsitapi, which means “original person.”\n<h2>History of the Blackfoot</h2>\nThe Blackfoot were very powerful people who hunted buffalo primarily in the northern plains. Even though they were nomads, most of the time they settled in Montana, Idaho and Alberta. Initially, the Blackfoot people were fine with the Europeans when they arrived to their lands. The Europeans typically brought horses that were non-threatening to the buffalo of the Blackfoot. However, in the mid-1800s, a smallpox epidemic swarmed through the Blackfoot. There is some evidence that suggests that the Europeans spread it to the Blackfoot by giving them an infected blanket. In 1870, while the American Army was looking for a hostile group of Mountain Chief’s Blackfoot Indians, they came across a peaceful group of Heavy Runner’s Blackfoot and killed almost 200 members, mostly women and children. By the year 1900, the white settlers had whipped out the buffalo herds of the Blackfoot, where many starved to death. Even with the many trials and tribulations of the Blackfoot, their language still prevails.\n<h2>Grammar and writing of Blackfoot</h2>\nGrammatically, Blackfoot is spoken in four persons: first, second, third and obviative. All nouns are either animate or inanimate. The verbal template consists of a stem and several prefixes or suffixes. The script in which Blackfoot is written, syllabics, was created by an Anglican missionary, John William Tims, in 1888. It is almost identical to Western Cree syllabics, but the letterforms are different. There are five series in the script, two of which were taken from Cree.\n<h2>Interesting Facts about the Blackfoot</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Their main god is the sun</li>\n 	<li>They hold an annual 4-day sun dance</li>\n 	<li>Blackfeet always build their teepees with the entrance facing east</li>\n</ul>','Blackfoot Translator & Interpreter - Cal Interpreting Translation','Professional Blackfoot language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Blackfoot Translator Interpreter'),(6067,6067,1,'Blackfoot Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','d06ca981-72da-4927-9eaf-2275ca72e2cc','<h2>Blackfoot interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Blackfoot interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Blackfoot language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Blackfoot language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Blackfoot language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Blackfoot language, as well as of the culture and history of the Blackfoot people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Blackfoot Language</h2>\nBlackfoot, also known as Siksika, is one of the Algonquin languages that is spoken in southern Alberta, Canada and northern Montana. Typically, it has free word order but has complex verb morphology. There are two main dialects: Pikanii and Siksika. Within Blackfoot, there is Old Blackfoot which is being spoken by the older population, and New Blackfoot, which is being taught to children and taking the place of Old Blackfoot.\n\nThe Blackfoot Nation can be broken up into four separate nations. They all have historical and cultural similarities but their leadership differs. These nations are the Siksika, the Kainai (Blood Nation), the Pikanii (Peigan Nation) and the Blackfeet Nation. The first three are typically found in Alberta while the last is found in Montana. Historically, the Blackfoot were plain hunters and the enemies of the Shoshone and Nez Perce people. Collectively, there are 14,000 Blackfoot members today but only about 3,400 native speakers of the language. English speakers came up with the term Blackfoot (or Blackfeet for plural) for people of these four nations, as they all speak the same language. Other names for the Blackfoot Nation include Siksikawa, Pekuni, Pincaneux, Piekann, Kainah, Pied Noir, Many Chiefs, Pan-pans, Archithinue, Akainawa and Akainaa. Those who live in Canada are referred to as Aapatohsipikani (or Northern Peigan )while those living in Montana are known as Aamsskaapipikani (or Southern Peigan). Additionally, all Blackfoot Nation members can sometimes be referred to as Niitsitapi, which means “original person.”\n<h2>History of the Blackfoot</h2>\nThe Blackfoot were very powerful people who hunted buffalo primarily in the northern plains. Even though they were nomads, most of the time they settled in Montana, Idaho and Alberta. Initially, the Blackfoot people were fine with the Europeans when they arrived to their lands. The Europeans typically brought horses that were non-threatening to the buffalo of the Blackfoot. However, in the mid-1800s, a smallpox epidemic swarmed through the Blackfoot. There is some evidence that suggests that the Europeans spread it to the Blackfoot by giving them an infected blanket. In 1870, while the American Army was looking for a hostile group of Mountain Chief’s Blackfoot Indians, they came across a peaceful group of Heavy Runner’s Blackfoot and killed almost 200 members, mostly women and children. By the year 1900, the white settlers had whipped out the buffalo herds of the Blackfoot, where many starved to death. Even with the many trials and tribulations of the Blackfoot, their language still prevails.\n<h2>Grammar and writing of Blackfoot</h2>\nGrammatically, Blackfoot is spoken in four persons: first, second, third and obviative. All nouns are either animate or inanimate. The verbal template consists of a stem and several prefixes or suffixes. The script in which Blackfoot is written, syllabics, was created by an Anglican missionary, John William Tims, in 1888. It is almost identical to Western Cree syllabics, but the letterforms are different. There are five series in the script, two of which were taken from Cree.\n<h2>Interesting Facts about the Blackfoot</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Their main god is the sun</li>\n 	<li>They hold an annual 4-day sun dance</li>\n 	<li>Blackfeet always build their teepees with the entrance facing east</li>\n</ul>','Blackfoot Translator & Interpreter - Cal Interpreting Translation','Professional Blackfoot language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Blackfoot Translator Interpreter'),(6068,6068,1,'Bosnian Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','eabe4223-37b6-4723-b522-bead728cbad4','<h2>Bosnian Translation</h2>		\n		<p>Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Bosnian interpreters and Bosnian translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.</p><p>Although based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Bosnian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Bosnian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT\'s Bosnian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Bosnian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Bosnian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.</p>		\n			<h2>English To Bosnian Translation Service</h2>		\n		<p>If you speak English and need a Bosnian translator we can provide someone to translate your document from English to Bosnian. Our English to Bosnian translation service connects you to an expert interpreter that can fulfill all your translation needs. Our translators are English language experts that provide certified Bosnian translation.</p>		\n			<h2>Bosnian To English Translation Service</h2>		\n		<p>Our expert Bosnian interpreters can do everything from translate words or single phrases to offer certified Bosnian translation services. We offer Bosnian text translation for both official and unofficial documents. Translating documents from Bosnian to English is one of our most common services. If you need an English translator or an English Interpreter we have a full staff available to meet your needs.</p>		\n			<h2>Bosnian translation tool</h2>		\n		<p>There are many advanced technologies and apps that offer Bosnian translation online, some of these even offer Bosnian translation free of charge. You do need to be wary of these machine translation software programs for official use though. Translation software is quick and easy, but they frequently miss the meaning or nuance behind both English words and Bosnian words. This works if you only need translation of something you are curious about, but officially translated text requires someone that can translate English as well as translate Bosnian in an official capacity.</p>		\n			<h3>Certified English To Bosnian Translation Services</h3>		\n		<p>We provide certified English to Bosnian, as well as Bosnian to English translation services for a variety of official purposes. We offer Bosnian legal translation, Bosnian technical translation, Bosnian medical translation, as well as any documents you may need.</p>		\n			<h2>Bosnian Language</h2>		\n		<p>The Bosnian language is spoken primarily in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Approximately 2.2 million people speak Bosnian, a South Slavic language. When Yugoslavia split in the 1990s, Bosnia began to be a distinct language and became one of the official languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1994. Along with Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian also became the official languages of Bosnia. Bosnian, however, is quite similar to the other languages it shares official status with. It is also the official language of Montenegro and Kosovo. It is also spoken in Albanian, Turkey, the USA and many countries in Western Europe.</p><p>Bosnian has both Cyrillic and Latin alphabets. It has been primarily written in the Cyrillic alphabet. Briefly, during the era of the Ottoman reign, Bosnian was written in Arabic. The first Bosnian dictionary, which was Bosnian-Turkish, was written by Muhamed Hevaji Uskufi in 1631.</p>		\n			<h2>Bosnian as a Slavic Language</h2>		\n		<p>The Slavic languages, which Bosnian falls under, was developed as a written language in the 800s. This was mainly initiated in order to help drive more people to convert to Christianity. The missionaries who set out for this task developed the alphabet and translated the text into Bosnian. Some of the most famous people who set out to this feat were brothers, Cyril and Methodius. The brothers developed the Glagolithic alphabet in order to develop a script for Slavic languages. Eventually, Cyrillic became the alphabet of Slavic languages, having mainly Greek letters but some Glagolithic letters as well. Another form of script was Bosancica, which was used to write Bosnian from the Middle Ages until the 19<sup>th</sup> century. It is regarded to have been used primarily by the more educated women from noble homes. The oldest document with the Bosnian Cyrillic script is the Human Tablet, which is on display at the museum of the Franciscan Monastery, founded in 1884. Today, Bosnian is written using the Roman alphabet.</p>		\n			<h2>Fun Facts about Bosnia</h2>		\n		<ul><li>Sarajevo, which is the capital of Bosnia, hosted the 1984 Winter Olympics</li><li>The word “Bosnia” comes from the Indo-European word, <em>bosana</em>, which means “water.”</li><li>The country is shaped in a slight heart shape</li><li>Bosnia and Herzegovina have the #10 highest coffee consumption in the world</li><li>Bosnia and Herzegovina won the gold medal for 2004 Summer Paralympics Volleyball</li></ul>','Bosnian Translators | English To Bosnian, Bosnian To English','Professional Bosnian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Bosnian Translator'),(6069,6069,1,'Bosnian Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','8f36820c-ed3a-4d1a-9689-93d405239eb7','<h2>Bosnian Translation</h2>		\n		<p>Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Bosnian interpreters and Bosnian translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.</p><p>Although based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Bosnian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Bosnian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT\'s Bosnian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Bosnian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Bosnian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.</p>		\n			<h2>English To Bosnian Translation Service</h2>		\n		<p>If you speak English and need a Bosnian translator we can provide someone to translate your document from English to Bosnian. Our English to Bosnian translation service connects you to an expert interpreter that can fulfill all your translation needs. Our translators are English language experts that provide certified Bosnian translation.</p>		\n			<h2>Bosnian To English Translation Service</h2>		\n		<p>Our expert Bosnian interpreters can do everything from translate words or single phrases to offer certified Bosnian translation services. We offer Bosnian text translation for both official and unofficial documents. Translating documents from Bosnian to English is one of our most common services. If you need an English translator or an English Interpreter we have a full staff available to meet your needs.</p>		\n			<h2>Bosnian translation tool</h2>		\n		<p>There are many advanced technologies and apps that offer Bosnian translation online, some of these even offer Bosnian translation free of charge. You do need to be wary of these machine translation software programs for official use though. Translation software is quick and easy, but they frequently miss the meaning or nuance behind both English words and Bosnian words. This works if you only need translation of something you are curious about, but officially translated text requires someone that can translate English as well as translate Bosnian in an official capacity.</p>		\n			<h3>Certified English To Bosnian Translation Services</h3>		\n		<p>We provide certified English to Bosnian, as well as Bosnian to English translation services for a variety of official purposes. We offer Bosnian legal translation, Bosnian technical translation, Bosnian medical translation, as well as any documents you may need.</p>		\n			<h2>Bosnian Language</h2>		\n		<p>The Bosnian language is spoken primarily in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Approximately 2.2 million people speak Bosnian, a South Slavic language. When Yugoslavia split in the 1990s, Bosnia began to be a distinct language and became one of the official languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1994. Along with Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian also became the official languages of Bosnia. Bosnian, however, is quite similar to the other languages it shares official status with. It is also the official language of Montenegro and Kosovo. It is also spoken in Albanian, Turkey, the USA and many countries in Western Europe.</p><p>Bosnian has both Cyrillic and Latin alphabets. It has been primarily written in the Cyrillic alphabet. Briefly, during the era of the Ottoman reign, Bosnian was written in Arabic. The first Bosnian dictionary, which was Bosnian-Turkish, was written by Muhamed Hevaji Uskufi in 1631.</p>		\n			<h2>Bosnian as a Slavic Language</h2>		\n		<p>The Slavic languages, which Bosnian falls under, was developed as a written language in the 800s. This was mainly initiated in order to help drive more people to convert to Christianity. The missionaries who set out for this task developed the alphabet and translated the text into Bosnian. Some of the most famous people who set out to this feat were brothers, Cyril and Methodius. The brothers developed the Glagolithic alphabet in order to develop a script for Slavic languages. Eventually, Cyrillic became the alphabet of Slavic languages, having mainly Greek letters but some Glagolithic letters as well. Another form of script was Bosancica, which was used to write Bosnian from the Middle Ages until the 19<sup>th</sup> century. It is regarded to have been used primarily by the more educated women from noble homes. The oldest document with the Bosnian Cyrillic script is the Human Tablet, which is on display at the museum of the Franciscan Monastery, founded in 1884. Today, Bosnian is written using the Roman alphabet.</p>		\n			<h2>Fun Facts about Bosnia</h2>		\n		<ul><li>Sarajevo, which is the capital of Bosnia, hosted the 1984 Winter Olympics</li><li>The word “Bosnia” comes from the Indo-European word, <em>bosana</em>, which means “water.”</li><li>The country is shaped in a slight heart shape</li><li>Bosnia and Herzegovina have the #10 highest coffee consumption in the world</li><li>Bosnia and Herzegovina won the gold medal for 2004 Summer Paralympics Volleyball</li></ul>','Bosnian Translators | English To Bosnian, Bosnian To English','Professional Bosnian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Bosnian Translator'),(6070,6070,1,'Brahuri Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','79edaab9-5d1c-4c4d-907c-ac293e7ca811','<h2>Brahui interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Brahui interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Brahui language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Brahui language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Brahui language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Brahui language, as well as of the culture and history of the Brahui people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Brahui Language</h2>\nThe Brahui language, classified as a Dravidian language, stems from a tribal group that lives primarily in the Baluchistan region of Pakistan and is spoken primarily by Brahui tribesmen. Approximately 2.2 million people speak Brahui. There are some Brahui speakers who have settled along the Hemand River in Afghanistan along with in the Soviet Turkmenistan. It was known that the Brahuis were travelers, mainly herding cattle, and that approximately only 20% had settled by the 1880s.\n\nIn the 1970s, the number was the opposite, having Brahuis settling in many large towns. Many believe that the Brahui identify more with the Baluch, a process which probably began around the 1500s. Collectively, there are 27 tribes that make up the Brahui people.\n\nMost Brahui speakers also speak Baluchi. Not only do they also speak Baluchi, but they are considered “bilaterally bilingual,” meaning they speak both languages equally and both are considered their mother tongue. About 30% of Brahui members do not speak the language and approximately 80% of those who identify as Brahui speak 2 or 3 languages.\n\nFor the 20% of Brahuis that have yet to settle, there are traditional migration routes that they take. In Pakistan, the tribes from the north spend the summer in Sarawan and the winter in Kacchi. The tribes from the south spend the summer months in Jahlawan and the winter in Sind.\n\nThe language itself was first noticed by a European named H. Pottinger in the 1800s. Bray, considered the father of Brahui studies, developed the grammar and dictionary that any have studied of the Brahui language since 1910. Even until today, the language does not have any official status. It is not used in government or schools. Very few Brahui tribe members can read or write Brahui, which is written in Arabic script. There is a version of Brahui that is written in the Latin alphabet, which was developed by the Brahui Language Board out of the University of Balochistan in Quetta. In the same city, the Brahui Academy was the main source of printed books in the Brahui language, having thought to began in 1966.\n\nThe Brahui language does not have a variation in dialects. The main distinction comes between those who speak Brahui in the north (Sarawan) and those who speak it in the south (Jahlawan). The difference between the two is in how the <em>h</em> sound is pronounced. For the southern speakers, it is pronounced as an aspirate and in the north, it is weaker and pronounced to a glottal stop or is dropped.\n\nWithin the language, the main distinction is between nominal and verbal words. Adjectives are mainly treated as nouns and pronouns follow Dravidian etymologies, particularly the reflexive and interrogative pronouns. Verbs are more complex than nouns in the Brahui language. There are two main oppositions in the language and they are perfective/imperfective and affirmative/negative.\n\nThe Brahui language in influenced by Indo-Iranian languages considered their closeness in physical proximity to the Brahui tribes. The Baluchi is thought to have had the highest influence on the phonology and morphology (specifically on the syntax) of Brahui.','Brahuri Translator & Interpreter - Certified, Legal Translations','Professional Brahuri language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Brahuri Translator & Interpreter'),(6071,6071,1,'Brahuri Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','b4154e9a-65f1-4dff-b120-c2e3cb89b033','<h2>Brahui interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Brahui interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Brahui language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Brahui language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Brahui language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Brahui language, as well as of the culture and history of the Brahui people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Brahui Language</h2>\nThe Brahui language, classified as a Dravidian language, stems from a tribal group that lives primarily in the Baluchistan region of Pakistan and is spoken primarily by Brahui tribesmen. Approximately 2.2 million people speak Brahui. There are some Brahui speakers who have settled along the Hemand River in Afghanistan along with in the Soviet Turkmenistan. It was known that the Brahuis were travelers, mainly herding cattle, and that approximately only 20% had settled by the 1880s.\n\nIn the 1970s, the number was the opposite, having Brahuis settling in many large towns. Many believe that the Brahui identify more with the Baluch, a process which probably began around the 1500s. Collectively, there are 27 tribes that make up the Brahui people.\n\nMost Brahui speakers also speak Baluchi. Not only do they also speak Baluchi, but they are considered “bilaterally bilingual,” meaning they speak both languages equally and both are considered their mother tongue. About 30% of Brahui members do not speak the language and approximately 80% of those who identify as Brahui speak 2 or 3 languages.\n\nFor the 20% of Brahuis that have yet to settle, there are traditional migration routes that they take. In Pakistan, the tribes from the north spend the summer in Sarawan and the winter in Kacchi. The tribes from the south spend the summer months in Jahlawan and the winter in Sind.\n\nThe language itself was first noticed by a European named H. Pottinger in the 1800s. Bray, considered the father of Brahui studies, developed the grammar and dictionary that any have studied of the Brahui language since 1910. Even until today, the language does not have any official status. It is not used in government or schools. Very few Brahui tribe members can read or write Brahui, which is written in Arabic script. There is a version of Brahui that is written in the Latin alphabet, which was developed by the Brahui Language Board out of the University of Balochistan in Quetta. In the same city, the Brahui Academy was the main source of printed books in the Brahui language, having thought to began in 1966.\n\nThe Brahui language does not have a variation in dialects. The main distinction comes between those who speak Brahui in the north (Sarawan) and those who speak it in the south (Jahlawan). The difference between the two is in how the <em>h</em> sound is pronounced. For the southern speakers, it is pronounced as an aspirate and in the north, it is weaker and pronounced to a glottal stop or is dropped.\n\nWithin the language, the main distinction is between nominal and verbal words. Adjectives are mainly treated as nouns and pronouns follow Dravidian etymologies, particularly the reflexive and interrogative pronouns. Verbs are more complex than nouns in the Brahui language. There are two main oppositions in the language and they are perfective/imperfective and affirmative/negative.\n\nThe Brahui language in influenced by Indo-Iranian languages considered their closeness in physical proximity to the Brahui tribes. The Baluchi is thought to have had the highest influence on the phonology and morphology (specifically on the syntax) of Brahui.','Brahuri Translator & Interpreter - Certified, Legal Translations','Professional Brahuri language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Brahuri Translator & Interpreter'),(6072,6072,1,'Breton Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','03df60dd-4103-41f3-94cb-87958371ff4a','<h2>Briton interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Briton interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Briton language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Briton language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Briton language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Briton language, as well as of the culture and history of the Briton people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Briton/Breton</h2>\nBriton (Breton) is a language spoken by the Briton people, some of the first people who lived in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons had invaded it in the 5<sup>th</sup> century. Many had believed that the Britons were initially descendants of the Celtics, but it is now believed that they were the indigenous people.\n\nApproximately 200,000 people speak Briton, primarily those living in Brittany, which was known to the Romans as Armorica. About 35,000 people use the language on a daily basis as their primary language. In 1928, after a census done by Roparz Hemon, it was estimated that 1.2 million people were using Breton as a form of communication. The language itself has a linguistic affiliation of Indo-European, Celtic, Insular Celtic, Brittonic and Southwestern. Along with in Brittany, a small sect of people in France speak Briton as well. The language was first written in the 9<sup>th</sup> century and uses the Latin alphabet for writing.\n\nFrom the late 1800s to the middle of the 20<sup>th</sup> century, schools were banned from speaking Briton and children were punished for speaking the language as well. In 1951, however, this changed with the Deixonne law, allowing the culture to be taught from anywhere from 1-3 hours a week in public schools, as long as the teaching was willing and able to do so. Ever since then, educational institutions have allowed for the language to be taught and have provided for a system that will teach it along with French as a second language. Currently, there are a few radio stations that are broadcasted in Breton along with a weekly one-hour TV show and weekly and monthly magazines.\n\nThe first recorded Breton text appeared in the 8<sup>th</sup> century AD in “Le Manuscript de Leyde,” a manuscript of botanical treatise in Breton and Latin. The first printed text, however, was a passion play that appeared in 1530. It was only until the 19<sup>th</sup> century that Breton literature was revived. It continues to grow today.\n\nThere are four dialects of Breton. They are Leoneg (spoken in Leon), Tregeriegin (spoken in Tregor), Kerneveg (spoken in Carnouaille) and Gwenedeg (spoken in Vannes). The first three dialects stated were formed together in 1908 as the main dialects of Breton. Gwenedeg was included later on in 1941. Before the dialects were unified in orthographic reform, there was significant variation in spelling.\n\nIn relation to other languages, it does have many similarities to Cornish and is related to Irish, Manx, Scottish Gaelic and Welsh. In the Breton language, there are several loan words from French, Latin and Gaulish languages, even though they are now extinct.\n\nLike all other languages, there are particulars in the grammar that make the language what it is. The vowels can either be long or short, with long vowels being marked with a circumflex accent. Vowels have a nasalized pronunciation when written with a tilde.\n\nIn 2011, CNN did a piece on the Bretons fight to save the language.','Breton Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified, Legal, Court','Professional Breton language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Breton Translator Interpreter'),(6073,6073,1,'Breton Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','bd0691f4-b5ea-4ed2-b174-4b9379945a17','<h2>Briton interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Briton interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Briton language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Briton language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Briton language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Briton language, as well as of the culture and history of the Briton people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Briton/Breton</h2>\nBriton (Breton) is a language spoken by the Briton people, some of the first people who lived in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons had invaded it in the 5<sup>th</sup> century. Many had believed that the Britons were initially descendants of the Celtics, but it is now believed that they were the indigenous people.\n\nApproximately 200,000 people speak Briton, primarily those living in Brittany, which was known to the Romans as Armorica. About 35,000 people use the language on a daily basis as their primary language. In 1928, after a census done by Roparz Hemon, it was estimated that 1.2 million people were using Breton as a form of communication. The language itself has a linguistic affiliation of Indo-European, Celtic, Insular Celtic, Brittonic and Southwestern. Along with in Brittany, a small sect of people in France speak Briton as well. The language was first written in the 9<sup>th</sup> century and uses the Latin alphabet for writing.\n\nFrom the late 1800s to the middle of the 20<sup>th</sup> century, schools were banned from speaking Briton and children were punished for speaking the language as well. In 1951, however, this changed with the Deixonne law, allowing the culture to be taught from anywhere from 1-3 hours a week in public schools, as long as the teaching was willing and able to do so. Ever since then, educational institutions have allowed for the language to be taught and have provided for a system that will teach it along with French as a second language. Currently, there are a few radio stations that are broadcasted in Breton along with a weekly one-hour TV show and weekly and monthly magazines.\n\nThe first recorded Breton text appeared in the 8<sup>th</sup> century AD in “Le Manuscript de Leyde,” a manuscript of botanical treatise in Breton and Latin. The first printed text, however, was a passion play that appeared in 1530. It was only until the 19<sup>th</sup> century that Breton literature was revived. It continues to grow today.\n\nThere are four dialects of Breton. They are Leoneg (spoken in Leon), Tregeriegin (spoken in Tregor), Kerneveg (spoken in Carnouaille) and Gwenedeg (spoken in Vannes). The first three dialects stated were formed together in 1908 as the main dialects of Breton. Gwenedeg was included later on in 1941. Before the dialects were unified in orthographic reform, there was significant variation in spelling.\n\nIn relation to other languages, it does have many similarities to Cornish and is related to Irish, Manx, Scottish Gaelic and Welsh. In the Breton language, there are several loan words from French, Latin and Gaulish languages, even though they are now extinct.\n\nLike all other languages, there are particulars in the grammar that make the language what it is. The vowels can either be long or short, with long vowels being marked with a circumflex accent. Vowels have a nasalized pronunciation when written with a tilde.\n\nIn 2011, CNN did a piece on the Bretons fight to save the language.','Breton Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified, Legal, Court','Professional Breton language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Breton Translator Interpreter'),(6074,6074,1,'Bulgarian Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','da08263f-97b4-4760-ae20-31f173cda2af','<h2>Bulgarian interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Bulgarian interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Bulgarian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Bulgarian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Bulgarian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Bulgarian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Bulgarian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Bulgarian Language</h2>\nThe Bulgarian language is a Slavic language with approximately 12 million speakers. About half of those speakers live in Bulgaria. Bulgarian is spoken in Ukraine, Macedonia, Serbia, Turkey, Greece, Romania, Canada, Germany, Spain, Israel, Australia and the US. It is very close to Macedonian but has many similarities to Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian and Slovenian.\n\nThe Bulgarian language was the first written Slavic language and first appeared in the 800s in the Glagolitic alphabet, which was eventually replaced by the Cyrillic alphabet. It is part of the South Slavic group of the Slavic branch of Indo-European languages.\n<h2>History of the Bulgarian Language</h2>\nThe Bulgarian language’s history spans approximately four periods. The first was prehistoric Bulgarian, which occurred between the invasion of the Balkans and the 860s when St. Cyril and St. Methodius were sent on a mission to Great Moravia. The next phase is Old Bulgarian, which was between the 9<sup>th</sup> and 11<sup>th</sup> centuries. It was also called the Old Church Slavonic. It was the language used by St. Cyril and St. Methodius and their disciples in order to translate the Bible along with other religious literature from the Greek language. It is believed that Old Bulgarian was the first of the Slavic languages to be attested in writing.\n\nThe next phase of the language is Middle Bulgarian, which was from the 12<sup>th</sup> to 15<sup>th</sup> centuries when Bulgarian was part of the Ottoman Empire. Bulgarian lost the Old Church Slavonic system. Modern Bulgarian, the last phase, is the language from the 16<sup>th</sup> century to today. It is the official language of the Republic of Bulgaria.\n<h2>Dialects</h2>\nThe Bulgarian language has two main dialects. The first is the Palityan dialect, which is the Standard Bulgarian commonly spoken. The second is the Pomak dialect, which is primarily spoken in Greece and is a transitional dialect between Bulgarian and Serbian.\n<h2>Nouns, Verbs and Word Order</h2>\nNouns, adjectives and pronouns fall under several categories in Bulgarian. They are: gender, number, accusative and definitiveness. All adjectives agree with the noun they describe in gender, number and case.\n\nThe Bulgarian verb system is similar to that of Old Slavic, especially in the tenses. They fall under 1<sup>st</sup>, 2<sup>nd,</sup> and 3<sup>rd</sup> person, number, tense, aspect and mood. However, unlike in other Slavic languages, there is no ending for the infinitive verb in Bulgarian.\n\nThe word order of Bulgarian in Subject-Verb-Object (SVO).','Bulgarian Translator & Interpreter - Language Translation Services','Professional Bulgarian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Bulgarian Translator Interpreter'),(6075,6075,1,'Bulgarian Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','1a54e970-1735-4a03-85e0-612e8e641319','<h2>Bulgarian interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Bulgarian interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Bulgarian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Bulgarian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Bulgarian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Bulgarian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Bulgarian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Bulgarian Language</h2>\nThe Bulgarian language is a Slavic language with approximately 12 million speakers. About half of those speakers live in Bulgaria. Bulgarian is spoken in Ukraine, Macedonia, Serbia, Turkey, Greece, Romania, Canada, Germany, Spain, Israel, Australia and the US. It is very close to Macedonian but has many similarities to Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian and Slovenian.\n\nThe Bulgarian language was the first written Slavic language and first appeared in the 800s in the Glagolitic alphabet, which was eventually replaced by the Cyrillic alphabet. It is part of the South Slavic group of the Slavic branch of Indo-European languages.\n<h2>History of the Bulgarian Language</h2>\nThe Bulgarian language’s history spans approximately four periods. The first was prehistoric Bulgarian, which occurred between the invasion of the Balkans and the 860s when St. Cyril and St. Methodius were sent on a mission to Great Moravia. The next phase is Old Bulgarian, which was between the 9<sup>th</sup> and 11<sup>th</sup> centuries. It was also called the Old Church Slavonic. It was the language used by St. Cyril and St. Methodius and their disciples in order to translate the Bible along with other religious literature from the Greek language. It is believed that Old Bulgarian was the first of the Slavic languages to be attested in writing.\n\nThe next phase of the language is Middle Bulgarian, which was from the 12<sup>th</sup> to 15<sup>th</sup> centuries when Bulgarian was part of the Ottoman Empire. Bulgarian lost the Old Church Slavonic system. Modern Bulgarian, the last phase, is the language from the 16<sup>th</sup> century to today. It is the official language of the Republic of Bulgaria.\n<h2>Dialects</h2>\nThe Bulgarian language has two main dialects. The first is the Palityan dialect, which is the Standard Bulgarian commonly spoken. The second is the Pomak dialect, which is primarily spoken in Greece and is a transitional dialect between Bulgarian and Serbian.\n<h2>Nouns, Verbs and Word Order</h2>\nNouns, adjectives and pronouns fall under several categories in Bulgarian. They are: gender, number, accusative and definitiveness. All adjectives agree with the noun they describe in gender, number and case.\n\nThe Bulgarian verb system is similar to that of Old Slavic, especially in the tenses. They fall under 1<sup>st</sup>, 2<sup>nd,</sup> and 3<sup>rd</sup> person, number, tense, aspect and mood. However, unlike in other Slavic languages, there is no ending for the infinitive verb in Bulgarian.\n\nThe word order of Bulgarian in Subject-Verb-Object (SVO).','Bulgarian Translator & Interpreter - Language Translation Services','Professional Bulgarian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Bulgarian Translator Interpreter'),(6076,6076,1,'Burmese Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','92ee10ba-aa1f-43f4-bef3-83f9f6bff137','<h2>Burmese interpreters and translators</h2>\n<p>Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Burmese interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.</p>\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Burmese language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Burmese language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT\'s Burmese language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Burmese language, as well as of the culture and history of the Burmese people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Burmese to English Translation</h2>\n<p>CIT has a full staff of credentialed and expert translators that are ready for any type of Burmese to English translation. Our team can handle Burmese text translation, or act as a translation service or interpreter in an official capacity. The official language of Myanmar, Burmese, contains 107 related dialects, and we have experts that can translate the specific dialect you need. Burmese translation requires people that are experts on both the English language as well as the Burmese dialects.</p>\n\n<h2>English to Burmese Translation</h2>\n<p>CIT can have an English translator ready for you to translate all your Burmese translation needs. We can handle certified legal translations, medical translations, and can translate any text or documents. English to Burmese is a difficult, but often requested, service that we handle regularly. If you have any questions about how we can handle your translation needs please contact us.</p>\n\n<h2>Burmese Translation tool</h2>\n<p>There are plenty of translation software programs and Burmese translation online sites that use advanced deep learning artificial intelligence technologies to automatically translate text for you. These are good for colloquial use, but do not work in official capacity because these advanced technologies have not been perfected yet and much of the translated text and phrases will miss the nuances and meaning behind the words. These programs will translate words, but they do not translate context. The truth is that machine language technology that automatically translate foreign languages have not gotten to the point where they provide the higher quality translations that you get from a certified Burmese translator. To avoid miscommunication and bad translations you need real translators, not some type of translation tool.</p>\n\n<h2>The Burmese Language</h2>\nThe Burmese language is part of the Lolo-Burmese branch of the Tibeto-Burmese group of Sino-Tibetan languages. Most of the people in Myanmar, which was formerly Burma, speak Burmese as it is the official language of Myanmar. Additionally, Burmese is spoken in Malaysia, Thailand and the US. It is estimated that 32 million people speak Burmese. Additionally, Burmese is used by the media, government and all levels of education.\n\nAll throughout the history of the language, there have been other languages that have had an impact on the Burmese language. Pali and Mon languages were some of the earliest groups of language groups to inhabit Burma in the 12<sup>th</sup> and 13<sup>th</sup> centuries. Later on between the 1500s and 1800s, European languages, such as Portuguese, Dutch, English and French, had influenced the spoken form but not the written form of Burmese. Written Burmese has many Pali words that are not found in the spoken language.\n<h2>Dialects</h2>\nThe Burmese language has several dialects, each having only slight regional variations. Some of these dialects include Beik (Merguese, Mergui), Mandalay Burmese, Yangon Burmese, and Yaw. Standard Burmese is based primarily on the dialects that are spoken in the valleys of the Irrawaddy and Chindwin rivers. Additionally, there are two registers of the Burmese languages. They are formal, which is used in official publications, radio, TV, literature and formal speech and the colloquial register, which is used for everyday communications.\n<h2>Structure</h2>\nThe structure of Burmese is a simple syllabic structure, as are all Sino-Tibetan languages. There are no final consonants. There are eight vowel phonemes and four diphthongs. Burmese is known to be a tonal language, meaning that all the syllables in the Burmese language have prosodic features and are necessary for pronunciation. Prosodic contrasts include pitch, phonation, intensity, duration and vowel quality. Burmese is an analytical language and therefore, the grammatical functions are expressed by word order along with by postpositional particles as opposed to inflections as seen in Indo-European languages. Particles are subject markers, prepositions and can have discourse functions.\n\nIn Burmese, the normal word order is Subject-Object-Verb. Nouns do not have gender, number or case. There are many classifiers are each is specific to a noun. Numbers and classifiers follow the noun. Verbs in the Burmese languages have a root plus separate particles that represent mood, aspect, tense, politeness, and the positive and negative. The verbs are not conjugated and remain the same, regardless of the person, number or tense. In the case of politeness markers, they are very important in the Burmese language. Depending on who is speaking to whom, words such as ‘sir or madam’ are used at the end of sentences to show respect.\n\nThe Burmese vocabulary has been affected by Hinduism and Buddhism, therefore making it quite religious. There are loanwords from Pali and English as well, due to the British rule from 1886-1937. Just as the vocabulary was influenced by religions, so too is the writing in Burmese. Burmese script is adapted from Mon script, which came from Pali, the language of Theravada Buddhism. It was initially made for Indo-Aryan languages and therefore, does not adequately represent the sounds of the Burmese language. It is written in a syllabic script, where the basic unit is a consonant-based syllable with a vowel. The language is written in rounded letters since palm leaves were used as writing materials. If the language would have been written with lines, it would have torn the leaves.\n\nBurmese has three main tones. They are high, low and creaky. Other tones are stopped and reduced. The tones are indicated in Burmese writings, used diacritics or special letters.','Burmese Translator | Translate English to Burmese | CIT','Professional Burmese language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Burmese Translator'),(6077,6077,1,'Burmese Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','402acc01-a053-42da-bede-ad1c5be5ed43','<h2>Burmese interpreters and translators</h2>\n<p>Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Burmese interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.</p>\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Burmese language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Burmese language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT\'s Burmese language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Burmese language, as well as of the culture and history of the Burmese people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Burmese to English Translation</h2>\n<p>CIT has a full staff of credentialed and expert translators that are ready for any type of Burmese to English translation. Our team can handle Burmese text translation, or act as a translation service or interpreter in an official capacity. The official language of Myanmar, Burmese, contains 107 related dialects, and we have experts that can translate the specific dialect you need. Burmese translation requires people that are experts on both the English language as well as the Burmese dialects.</p>\n\n<h2>English to Burmese Translation</h2>\n<p>CIT can have an English translator ready for you to translate all your Burmese translation needs. We can handle certified legal translations, medical translations, and can translate any text or documents. English to Burmese is a difficult, but often requested, service that we handle regularly. If you have any questions about how we can handle your translation needs please contact us.</p>\n\n<h2>Burmese Translation tool</h2>\n<p>There are plenty of translation software programs and Burmese translation online sites that use advanced deep learning artificial intelligence technologies to automatically translate text for you. These are good for colloquial use, but do not work in official capacity because these advanced technologies have not been perfected yet and much of the translated text and phrases will miss the nuances and meaning behind the words. These programs will translate words, but they do not translate context. The truth is that machine language technology that automatically translate foreign languages have not gotten to the point where they provide the higher quality translations that you get from a certified Burmese translator. To avoid miscommunication and bad translations you need real translators, not some type of translation tool.</p>\n\n<h2>The Burmese Language</h2>\nThe Burmese language is part of the Lolo-Burmese branch of the Tibeto-Burmese group of Sino-Tibetan languages. Most of the people in Myanmar, which was formerly Burma, speak Burmese as it is the official language of Myanmar. Additionally, Burmese is spoken in Malaysia, Thailand and the US. It is estimated that 32 million people speak Burmese. Additionally, Burmese is used by the media, government and all levels of education.\n\nAll throughout the history of the language, there have been other languages that have had an impact on the Burmese language. Pali and Mon languages were some of the earliest groups of language groups to inhabit Burma in the 12<sup>th</sup> and 13<sup>th</sup> centuries. Later on between the 1500s and 1800s, European languages, such as Portuguese, Dutch, English and French, had influenced the spoken form but not the written form of Burmese. Written Burmese has many Pali words that are not found in the spoken language.\n<h2>Dialects</h2>\nThe Burmese language has several dialects, each having only slight regional variations. Some of these dialects include Beik (Merguese, Mergui), Mandalay Burmese, Yangon Burmese, and Yaw. Standard Burmese is based primarily on the dialects that are spoken in the valleys of the Irrawaddy and Chindwin rivers. Additionally, there are two registers of the Burmese languages. They are formal, which is used in official publications, radio, TV, literature and formal speech and the colloquial register, which is used for everyday communications.\n<h2>Structure</h2>\nThe structure of Burmese is a simple syllabic structure, as are all Sino-Tibetan languages. There are no final consonants. There are eight vowel phonemes and four diphthongs. Burmese is known to be a tonal language, meaning that all the syllables in the Burmese language have prosodic features and are necessary for pronunciation. Prosodic contrasts include pitch, phonation, intensity, duration and vowel quality. Burmese is an analytical language and therefore, the grammatical functions are expressed by word order along with by postpositional particles as opposed to inflections as seen in Indo-European languages. Particles are subject markers, prepositions and can have discourse functions.\n\nIn Burmese, the normal word order is Subject-Object-Verb. Nouns do not have gender, number or case. There are many classifiers are each is specific to a noun. Numbers and classifiers follow the noun. Verbs in the Burmese languages have a root plus separate particles that represent mood, aspect, tense, politeness, and the positive and negative. The verbs are not conjugated and remain the same, regardless of the person, number or tense. In the case of politeness markers, they are very important in the Burmese language. Depending on who is speaking to whom, words such as ‘sir or madam’ are used at the end of sentences to show respect.\n\nThe Burmese vocabulary has been affected by Hinduism and Buddhism, therefore making it quite religious. There are loanwords from Pali and English as well, due to the British rule from 1886-1937. Just as the vocabulary was influenced by religions, so too is the writing in Burmese. Burmese script is adapted from Mon script, which came from Pali, the language of Theravada Buddhism. It was initially made for Indo-Aryan languages and therefore, does not adequately represent the sounds of the Burmese language. It is written in a syllabic script, where the basic unit is a consonant-based syllable with a vowel. The language is written in rounded letters since palm leaves were used as writing materials. If the language would have been written with lines, it would have torn the leaves.\n\nBurmese has three main tones. They are high, low and creaky. Other tones are stopped and reduced. The tones are indicated in Burmese writings, used diacritics or special letters.','Burmese Translator | Translate English to Burmese | CIT','Professional Burmese language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Burmese Translator'),(6078,6078,1,'Cantonese Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','d8449d30-ee8e-4f04-9325-1433872283e0','<h2>Cantonese interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Cantonese interpreters and translators with legal, medical, and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration, and more.\n\nCIT offers comprehensive Cantonese language services including interpretation, translation, and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and Cantonese languages through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel.\n\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations’ Cantonese language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Cantonese language, as well as of the culture and history of the Cantonese people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Who speaks Cantonese?</h2>\nThe <a href=\"https://calinterpreting.com/language-services/cantonese/cantonese-translation-services/\">Cantonese language</a> takes its name from modern-day Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province in southern China, which, historically, was known to Westerners as “Canton”. Guangzhou is located in the south of China and is one of the largest cities in the entire country. Cantonese is spoken mostly in Southern China, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Macau, and Malaysia. It is the official language of Hong Kong and Macau. Cantonese is also spoken by a large diaspora population in many places, including Melbourne and northern California. Current estimates of numbers of Cantonese speakers are at about just over 100,000,000 people.\n<h2>A History of the Cantonese Language</h2>\nCantonese is from the Sino-Tibetan family of languages. Cantonese was first developed around Guangzhou in southeastern China. As the city has long been viewed as an important cultural center, Cantonese emerged as the “prestige dialect” of the Yue varieties of Chinese during its development during the Southern Song dynasty.\n\nBoth Macau and Hong Kong’s Chinese populations came largely from the 19th and 20th-century immigration from Guangzhou and surrounding areas, which made Cantonese the dominant Chinese language in these territories, even after the cession of Macau to Portugal in 1557, and Hong Kong to Britain in 1842. On mainland China, Cantonese continued to serve as the <em>lingua franca</em> of Guangdong and Guangxi well after Mandarin was made the official language of the government by the Qing dynasty in the early 1900s. Even afterward, Cantonese managed to remain the dominant language in southeastern China, that is, until the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. At this time, Standard Chinese was promoted as the only official language of the nation.\n<h2>Dialects of Cantonese</h2>\nThe name “Cantonese” is often misused, technically. The name Cantonese is often used to refer to multiple different dialects of Chinese, including the Guangzhou dialect, Xiguan dialect, Hong Kong dialect, Wuzhou dialect, and Tanka dialect of Yue. However, “Cantonese” can also refer to the primary branch of the Cantonese language, which contains Cantonese proper, along with Taishanese and Gaoyang. Technically, this broader umbrella should be specified as “Yue”.\n\nHistorically, Cantonese speakers called this variety of Chinese “Canton speech” or “Guangzhou speech”, though today this term is not often used outside mainland China. In Guangdong and Guangxi, Chinese speakers often called Cantonese “provincial capital speech” or “plain speech”.\n\nThough Cantonese is technically a dialect of Chinese, Cantonese differs so greatly from Mandarin, the most commonly spoken dialect of Chinese, that the languages are totally mutually unintelligible. Linguists often note that Cantonese is more closely related to Classical Chinese than Mandarin.','Cantonese Translators','Professional Cantonese language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Cantonese Translators'),(6079,6079,1,'Cantonese Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','f6c48d92-d639-488c-8e69-cd5bc41b0b75','<h2>Cantonese interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Cantonese interpreters and translators with legal, medical, and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration, and more.\n\nCIT offers comprehensive Cantonese language services including interpretation, translation, and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and Cantonese languages through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel.\n\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations’ Cantonese language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Cantonese language, as well as of the culture and history of the Cantonese people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Who speaks Cantonese?</h2>\nThe <a href=\"https://calinterpreting.com/language-services/cantonese/cantonese-translation-services/\">Cantonese language</a> takes its name from modern-day Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province in southern China, which, historically, was known to Westerners as “Canton”. Guangzhou is located in the south of China and is one of the largest cities in the entire country. Cantonese is spoken mostly in Southern China, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Macau, and Malaysia. It is the official language of Hong Kong and Macau. Cantonese is also spoken by a large diaspora population in many places, including Melbourne and northern California. Current estimates of numbers of Cantonese speakers are at about just over 100,000,000 people.\n<h2>A History of the Cantonese Language</h2>\nCantonese is from the Sino-Tibetan family of languages. Cantonese was first developed around Guangzhou in southeastern China. As the city has long been viewed as an important cultural center, Cantonese emerged as the “prestige dialect” of the Yue varieties of Chinese during its development during the Southern Song dynasty.\n\nBoth Macau and Hong Kong’s Chinese populations came largely from the 19th and 20th-century immigration from Guangzhou and surrounding areas, which made Cantonese the dominant Chinese language in these territories, even after the cession of Macau to Portugal in 1557, and Hong Kong to Britain in 1842. On mainland China, Cantonese continued to serve as the <em>lingua franca</em> of Guangdong and Guangxi well after Mandarin was made the official language of the government by the Qing dynasty in the early 1900s. Even afterward, Cantonese managed to remain the dominant language in southeastern China, that is, until the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. At this time, Standard Chinese was promoted as the only official language of the nation.\n<h2>Dialects of Cantonese</h2>\nThe name “Cantonese” is often misused, technically. The name Cantonese is often used to refer to multiple different dialects of Chinese, including the Guangzhou dialect, Xiguan dialect, Hong Kong dialect, Wuzhou dialect, and Tanka dialect of Yue. However, “Cantonese” can also refer to the primary branch of the Cantonese language, which contains Cantonese proper, along with Taishanese and Gaoyang. Technically, this broader umbrella should be specified as “Yue”.\n\nHistorically, Cantonese speakers called this variety of Chinese “Canton speech” or “Guangzhou speech”, though today this term is not often used outside mainland China. In Guangdong and Guangxi, Chinese speakers often called Cantonese “provincial capital speech” or “plain speech”.\n\nThough Cantonese is technically a dialect of Chinese, Cantonese differs so greatly from Mandarin, the most commonly spoken dialect of Chinese, that the languages are totally mutually unintelligible. Linguists often note that Cantonese is more closely related to Classical Chinese than Mandarin.','Cantonese Translators','Professional Cantonese language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Cantonese Translators'),(6080,6080,1,'Carib Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','bc489130-9b3c-48c3-8edb-44e18e5f3432','<h2>Carib interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Carib interpreters and translators with legal, medical, and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration, and more.\n\nCIT offers comprehensive Carib language services including interpretation, translation, and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and Carib languages through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel.  Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations’ Carib language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Carib language, as well as of the culture and history of the Carib people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Who speaks Carib?</h2>\nCarib, is a Cariban language. Carib is known by many different names. Traditionally, the language has been known as “Carib” or “Carib proper” in English. This name was taken from the name for its speakers, who were called the “Caribs” in English. Carib is referred to as Caribe in Spanish, Galina in French, and Karaïeb in Dutch. Though, speakers of the Carib language call themselves “Kalina” or “Karìna”, and refer to their language as Karìna auran. Other variants of the name of the language include Kali’na, Kalihna, Cariña, Kari’nja, Kariña, and Kalinya.\n\nCarib is spoken by the Kalina people (who are also called “Caribs”) of South America. Carib is currently spoken by less than­­­ 7,500 people. Most Carib speakers live in Venezuela, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, French Guiana, Guyana, and Brazil. Due to the very limited number of speakers, Carib is currently classified as a highly endangered language.\n<h2>Kari’nja versus Carib… what’s the difference?</h2>\nCarib is also referred to as Kari’nja. Because of interaction with Kari’nja invaders, Carib has some ancient Kari’nja words incorporated into it. In Suriname, Carib is mostly referred to as Kari’nja. In Suriname is an area called Konomerume. There about 349 people live, the majority of whom identify as ethnically Kari’nja. These residents are reported to have at least a decent knowledge of the Carib language.\n\nTypically, an elderly member of the community uses the language as their primary languages in interaction with members of their community. Slightly younger speakers, typically between the ages of 45 and 65 use Carib mostly when speaking with older members of their family or community. These speakers tend to mostly use Dutch and Sranan Tongo. Still younger adults often largely understand the language but do not speak it. Elementary-aged children learn small amounts about Kari’nja in public school.\n<h2>Dialects of Carib</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Venezuelan Carib (estimated about 1000 speakers currently)</li>\n 	<li>Guyanese Carib (estimated about 2000 speakers currently)</li>\n 	<li>Western Surinamese Carib (estimated about 500 speakers currently)</li>\n 	<li>Eastern Surinamese and French Guianese Carib (estimated about 3000 speakers currently)</li>\n 	<li>Suriname also has two distinct dialects of Kari’nja: Aretyry, spoken in the western and central parts of the country; and Tyrewuju. Tyrewuju is the dialect spoken by the majority of Kari’nja speakers in Suriname.</li>\n</ul>','Carib Translator - Carib Interpreter for Medical & Legal Industry','Professional Carib language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Carib translator interpreter'),(6081,6081,1,'Carib Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','6314fa7b-2a86-40d7-93e7-ed887344051b','<h2>Carib interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Carib interpreters and translators with legal, medical, and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration, and more.\n\nCIT offers comprehensive Carib language services including interpretation, translation, and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and Carib languages through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel.  Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations’ Carib language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Carib language, as well as of the culture and history of the Carib people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Who speaks Carib?</h2>\nCarib, is a Cariban language. Carib is known by many different names. Traditionally, the language has been known as “Carib” or “Carib proper” in English. This name was taken from the name for its speakers, who were called the “Caribs” in English. Carib is referred to as Caribe in Spanish, Galina in French, and Karaïeb in Dutch. Though, speakers of the Carib language call themselves “Kalina” or “Karìna”, and refer to their language as Karìna auran. Other variants of the name of the language include Kali’na, Kalihna, Cariña, Kari’nja, Kariña, and Kalinya.\n\nCarib is spoken by the Kalina people (who are also called “Caribs”) of South America. Carib is currently spoken by less than­­­ 7,500 people. Most Carib speakers live in Venezuela, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, French Guiana, Guyana, and Brazil. Due to the very limited number of speakers, Carib is currently classified as a highly endangered language.\n<h2>Kari’nja versus Carib… what’s the difference?</h2>\nCarib is also referred to as Kari’nja. Because of interaction with Kari’nja invaders, Carib has some ancient Kari’nja words incorporated into it. In Suriname, Carib is mostly referred to as Kari’nja. In Suriname is an area called Konomerume. There about 349 people live, the majority of whom identify as ethnically Kari’nja. These residents are reported to have at least a decent knowledge of the Carib language.\n\nTypically, an elderly member of the community uses the language as their primary languages in interaction with members of their community. Slightly younger speakers, typically between the ages of 45 and 65 use Carib mostly when speaking with older members of their family or community. These speakers tend to mostly use Dutch and Sranan Tongo. Still younger adults often largely understand the language but do not speak it. Elementary-aged children learn small amounts about Kari’nja in public school.\n<h2>Dialects of Carib</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Venezuelan Carib (estimated about 1000 speakers currently)</li>\n 	<li>Guyanese Carib (estimated about 2000 speakers currently)</li>\n 	<li>Western Surinamese Carib (estimated about 500 speakers currently)</li>\n 	<li>Eastern Surinamese and French Guianese Carib (estimated about 3000 speakers currently)</li>\n 	<li>Suriname also has two distinct dialects of Kari’nja: Aretyry, spoken in the western and central parts of the country; and Tyrewuju. Tyrewuju is the dialect spoken by the majority of Kari’nja speakers in Suriname.</li>\n</ul>','Carib Translator - Carib Interpreter for Medical & Legal Industry','Professional Carib language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Carib translator interpreter'),(6082,6082,1,'Catalan Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:04','2022-08-11 01:44:04','a1484ea0-f6d6-468c-be7c-a4317fbede5c','<h2>Catalan interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Catalan interpreters and translators with legal, medical, and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration, and more.\n\nCIT offers comprehensive Catalan language services including interpretation, translation, and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and Catalan languages through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel.  Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations’ Catalan language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Catalan language, as well as of the culture and history of the Catalan people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Who speaks Catalan?</h2>\nCatalan was named for the medieval Principality of Catalonia, which existed in modern-day northeastern Spain. Catalan is the only official language of Andorra in the Iberian Peninsula, and a “co-official” language of the Spanish communities of Catalonia, Valencia, and the Balearic Islands. Catalan also has semi-official language status AlgheroIt, an Italian commune. Catalan also has speakers in the east of Aragon, and in some areas of France. These territories outside of Spain are often referred to as <em>Països Catalans</em> or “Catalan Countries”.\n<h2>Catalan, Valencian, Spanish… what’s the difference?</h2>\nThe Catalan language shares many qualities with other nearby Romance languages such as Spanish, Italian, Sardinian, Occitan. Though Catalan is spoken mainly on the Iberian Peninsula, it differs greatly from the Iberian Romance group, Spanish and Portuguese. These differences are mainly in relation to grammar and pronunciation, but especially vocabulary, which is closest to Occitan. Vocabulary is, to a lesser extent, closely related to Gallo-Romance languages such as French, Franco-Provençal, and Gallo-Italian.\n\nEthnologue, the premier linguistics and etymology journal, finds the lexical similarity between Catalan and other Romance languages to be as follows: 87% with Italian; 85% with Portuguese and Spanish; 76% with Ladin; 75% with Sardinian; 73% with Romanian. Despite this, during much of the history of the Catalan language, especially during the Francoist dictatorship (1939–1975), the Catalan language was often marginalized as only a dialect of Spanish. This perspective was founded in a political context and has no validity linguistically. Spanish and Catalan have important differences in their sounds, lexicon, and grammar. Different outcomes linguistically resulted among Spanish and Catalan after the division of the Gothic Superstate. For example, the Catalan word <em>rostir</em> “to roast”, is of Germanic origin, in contrast to the Spanish <em>asar</em>, of Latin origin. In Catalan, the word <em>templa, </em>or “temple”, is of Latin origin, whereas the Spanish <em>sien</em>, is of Germanic origin.','Catalan Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Catalan language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Catalan translator interpreter'),(6083,6083,1,'Catalan Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','971b354e-5ef9-4432-a77b-09534d74ef95','<h2>Catalan interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Catalan interpreters and translators with legal, medical, and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration, and more.\n\nCIT offers comprehensive Catalan language services including interpretation, translation, and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and Catalan languages through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel.  Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations’ Catalan language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Catalan language, as well as of the culture and history of the Catalan people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Who speaks Catalan?</h2>\nCatalan was named for the medieval Principality of Catalonia, which existed in modern-day northeastern Spain. Catalan is the only official language of Andorra in the Iberian Peninsula, and a “co-official” language of the Spanish communities of Catalonia, Valencia, and the Balearic Islands. Catalan also has semi-official language status AlgheroIt, an Italian commune. Catalan also has speakers in the east of Aragon, and in some areas of France. These territories outside of Spain are often referred to as <em>Països Catalans</em> or “Catalan Countries”.\n<h2>Catalan, Valencian, Spanish… what’s the difference?</h2>\nThe Catalan language shares many qualities with other nearby Romance languages such as Spanish, Italian, Sardinian, Occitan. Though Catalan is spoken mainly on the Iberian Peninsula, it differs greatly from the Iberian Romance group, Spanish and Portuguese. These differences are mainly in relation to grammar and pronunciation, but especially vocabulary, which is closest to Occitan. Vocabulary is, to a lesser extent, closely related to Gallo-Romance languages such as French, Franco-Provençal, and Gallo-Italian.\n\nEthnologue, the premier linguistics and etymology journal, finds the lexical similarity between Catalan and other Romance languages to be as follows: 87% with Italian; 85% with Portuguese and Spanish; 76% with Ladin; 75% with Sardinian; 73% with Romanian. Despite this, during much of the history of the Catalan language, especially during the Francoist dictatorship (1939–1975), the Catalan language was often marginalized as only a dialect of Spanish. This perspective was founded in a political context and has no validity linguistically. Spanish and Catalan have important differences in their sounds, lexicon, and grammar. Different outcomes linguistically resulted among Spanish and Catalan after the division of the Gothic Superstate. For example, the Catalan word <em>rostir</em> “to roast”, is of Germanic origin, in contrast to the Spanish <em>asar</em>, of Latin origin. In Catalan, the word <em>templa, </em>or “temple”, is of Latin origin, whereas the Spanish <em>sien</em>, is of Germanic origin.','Catalan Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Catalan language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Catalan translator interpreter'),(6084,6084,1,'Cornish Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','b95f55ca-60a8-4189-a234-8844efca6f80','<h2>Cornish interpreters</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Cornish interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Cornish language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Cornish language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Cornish language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Cornish language, as well as of the culture and history of the Cornish people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Cornish Language</h2>\nThe Cornish language, also known as Kernewek, is spoken primarily in Cornwall (Kernow). It is a Celtic language and a member of the Brythonic (British) branch of the Celtic languages, along with Welsh and Breton.\n\nAbout 3,000 people speak Cornish, with only 2/3 of those being fluent in it. The language is linguistically affiliated with Indo-European, Insular Celtic, Brittonic and Southwestern languages.\n<h2>History of Cornish</h2>\nThe name “Cornwall” comes from the words “Cornovii” and “Waeles,” which means “hill dwellers and strangers.” Towards the end of the 7<sup>th</sup> century, Cornish began to shy away from the Welsh language. Around this time are also the earliest examples of written Cornish. From about 800-1250, Old Cornish was used and traced back from Cornwall.\n\nLiterature in Late or Modern Cornish, which was used between the 16<sup>th</sup> and 19<sup>th</sup> centuries, included folk, poems, songs and a translated version of the Bible. It was at the end of the 19<sup>th</sup> century that Cornish was no longer spoken every day. The last native speaker was probably John Davey from Zennor who dies in 1891.\n\nNot long after, Henry Jenner, who lived from 1848 – 1934, tried to revive Cornish. He traveled all over Cornwall, interviewed Cornish speakers and studied Cornish text. In 1904, he published a book titled <em>The Handbook of the Cornish Language</em>. This was designed to be an introductory textbook to the languages. His work was then continued by Robert Morton Nance, who published a book called <em>Cornish for All</em> in 1929.\n\nIn the 1960s, the Cornish Language Board set up the language in order to promote it and revive it. Their version of the language was Unified Cornish. The newest version of Cornish was developed by Dr. Ken George, which is now called Common Cornish. In 1995, Nicholas Williams developed a newer version of the language, called Unified Cornish Revised (UCR).\n<h2>Current Status of Cornish</h2>\nThere are still many families in Cornwall attempting to keep the language alive. Children, pets, houses and boats are often given Cornish names. Additionally, new poetry and music is being written in Cornish along with several magazines and publications that are being printed in the languages.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Cornwall</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Cornwall has the longest coastline in all of Great Britain</li>\n 	<li>There is only one city in Cornwall (Truro)</li>\n 	<li>In the 20<sup>th</sup> century, half of the world’s tin supply came from Cornwall</li>\n 	<li>The biggest Cornish pastry weighed 1900 pounds and had 1,750,000 calories</li>\n</ul>','Cornish Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Cornish language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Cornish translator interpreter'),(6085,6085,1,'Cornish Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','42c26d06-649d-4c76-8b99-52657a9deee3','<h2>Cornish interpreters</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Cornish interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Cornish language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Cornish language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Cornish language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Cornish language, as well as of the culture and history of the Cornish people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Cornish Language</h2>\nThe Cornish language, also known as Kernewek, is spoken primarily in Cornwall (Kernow). It is a Celtic language and a member of the Brythonic (British) branch of the Celtic languages, along with Welsh and Breton.\n\nAbout 3,000 people speak Cornish, with only 2/3 of those being fluent in it. The language is linguistically affiliated with Indo-European, Insular Celtic, Brittonic and Southwestern languages.\n<h2>History of Cornish</h2>\nThe name “Cornwall” comes from the words “Cornovii” and “Waeles,” which means “hill dwellers and strangers.” Towards the end of the 7<sup>th</sup> century, Cornish began to shy away from the Welsh language. Around this time are also the earliest examples of written Cornish. From about 800-1250, Old Cornish was used and traced back from Cornwall.\n\nLiterature in Late or Modern Cornish, which was used between the 16<sup>th</sup> and 19<sup>th</sup> centuries, included folk, poems, songs and a translated version of the Bible. It was at the end of the 19<sup>th</sup> century that Cornish was no longer spoken every day. The last native speaker was probably John Davey from Zennor who dies in 1891.\n\nNot long after, Henry Jenner, who lived from 1848 – 1934, tried to revive Cornish. He traveled all over Cornwall, interviewed Cornish speakers and studied Cornish text. In 1904, he published a book titled <em>The Handbook of the Cornish Language</em>. This was designed to be an introductory textbook to the languages. His work was then continued by Robert Morton Nance, who published a book called <em>Cornish for All</em> in 1929.\n\nIn the 1960s, the Cornish Language Board set up the language in order to promote it and revive it. Their version of the language was Unified Cornish. The newest version of Cornish was developed by Dr. Ken George, which is now called Common Cornish. In 1995, Nicholas Williams developed a newer version of the language, called Unified Cornish Revised (UCR).\n<h2>Current Status of Cornish</h2>\nThere are still many families in Cornwall attempting to keep the language alive. Children, pets, houses and boats are often given Cornish names. Additionally, new poetry and music is being written in Cornish along with several magazines and publications that are being printed in the languages.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Cornwall</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Cornwall has the longest coastline in all of Great Britain</li>\n 	<li>There is only one city in Cornwall (Truro)</li>\n 	<li>In the 20<sup>th</sup> century, half of the world’s tin supply came from Cornwall</li>\n 	<li>The biggest Cornish pastry weighed 1900 pounds and had 1,750,000 calories</li>\n</ul>','Cornish Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Cornish language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Cornish translator interpreter'),(6086,6086,1,'Croate Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','79317829-7412-43ea-83ce-36f5038b6b75','<h2>Croate (Croatian) interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Croate (Croatian) interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Croate (Croatian) language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Croate (Croatian) language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Croate (Croatian) language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Croate language, as well as of the culture and history of the Croate (Croatian) people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Croatian Language</h2>\nCroatian (or Croate) is part of the Slavic branch of Indo-European languages. When Yugoslavia broke up, Serbo-Croatian, which was the common language of people from Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Montenegro, was then split into three languages: Serbian, Croatian and Bosnian. Once Yugoslavia split, the term “Serbo-Croatian” was essentially no longer used. This posed a problem historically, culturally and politically. Many believe that using these three languages was mainly done for political reasons as opposed to linguistical reasons.\n\nWhat was once known as Eastern Yugoslavia, Serbia, Montenegro and parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina were quite distant both in culture and religion from the western part of Yugoslavia. Serbia was in the Ottoman Empire and Croatia was Austro-Hungarian. Therefore, Serbian and Croatian have different dialects and are also written using different alphabets. In effort to create an independent South Slavic state, Serbian and Croatian become one language in the 1800s.\n\nThe official language of Croatia is Standard Croatian. Approximately 4.8 million people today speak Croatian, living in all areas of Croatia. There are about 700,000 additional people worldwide who speak Croatian in countries such as Germany, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovakia, Italy, Slovenia, Australia, Hungary, the US and Canada.\n\nIn 1974, the Yugoslavian constitution allowed for each republic to use its own language after several Croatian scholars and writers issued a <em>Declaration Concerning the Name and Status of the Literary Language</em> in 1967, which called for the Croatian language to be used more widely in public life.\n<h2>Dialects and Linguistics</h2>\nThere are several dialects in the Croatian language. Shtokavian is spoken in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and Southern Austria. Two other dialects are Chakavian and Kaikavian. Within Shtokavian, linguists have come up with 7 dialects. The main differences of the dialects is in the pronunciation of the first consonant in the Croatian word for “what.”\n\nCroatian grammar is similar to that of other Indo-European and Slavic languages. Nouns are marked for gender, number and case. Verbs agree with their subject (number in the non-past tenses and gender in the past tense). The Croatian word over is Subject-Verb-Object.\n\nThe Croatian language has 5 vowel phonemes. There are 25 consonant phonemes that fall under 7 categories: bilabial, labio-dental, alveolar, post-alveolar, alveo-palatal, palatal and velar. Croatian is a high-pitched stress language. In Croatian, words with one syllable always have a falling tone. Those with two or more syllables can also have a falling tone but only on the first syllable. One can expect to have several loan words from native Slavic as opposed to Serbian and Bosnian that have loan words from Russian and Western European languages.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Croatia</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Croatia has the world’s smallest town called Hum with a population of 17</li>\n 	<li>Game of Thrones was filmed in Croatia</li>\n 	<li>The city of Zadar in Dalmatia is known to have the best sunset in the world</li>\n 	<li>Nikola Tesla was born in a mountain region in Croatia</li>\n</ul>','Croate Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Croate language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Croate translator interpreter'),(6087,6087,1,'Croate Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','90d7d8dd-5ed4-48d0-b32d-9bbe090b8f3a','<h2>Croate (Croatian) interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Croate (Croatian) interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Croate (Croatian) language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Croate (Croatian) language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Croate (Croatian) language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Croate language, as well as of the culture and history of the Croate (Croatian) people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Croatian Language</h2>\nCroatian (or Croate) is part of the Slavic branch of Indo-European languages. When Yugoslavia broke up, Serbo-Croatian, which was the common language of people from Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Montenegro, was then split into three languages: Serbian, Croatian and Bosnian. Once Yugoslavia split, the term “Serbo-Croatian” was essentially no longer used. This posed a problem historically, culturally and politically. Many believe that using these three languages was mainly done for political reasons as opposed to linguistical reasons.\n\nWhat was once known as Eastern Yugoslavia, Serbia, Montenegro and parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina were quite distant both in culture and religion from the western part of Yugoslavia. Serbia was in the Ottoman Empire and Croatia was Austro-Hungarian. Therefore, Serbian and Croatian have different dialects and are also written using different alphabets. In effort to create an independent South Slavic state, Serbian and Croatian become one language in the 1800s.\n\nThe official language of Croatia is Standard Croatian. Approximately 4.8 million people today speak Croatian, living in all areas of Croatia. There are about 700,000 additional people worldwide who speak Croatian in countries such as Germany, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovakia, Italy, Slovenia, Australia, Hungary, the US and Canada.\n\nIn 1974, the Yugoslavian constitution allowed for each republic to use its own language after several Croatian scholars and writers issued a <em>Declaration Concerning the Name and Status of the Literary Language</em> in 1967, which called for the Croatian language to be used more widely in public life.\n<h2>Dialects and Linguistics</h2>\nThere are several dialects in the Croatian language. Shtokavian is spoken in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and Southern Austria. Two other dialects are Chakavian and Kaikavian. Within Shtokavian, linguists have come up with 7 dialects. The main differences of the dialects is in the pronunciation of the first consonant in the Croatian word for “what.”\n\nCroatian grammar is similar to that of other Indo-European and Slavic languages. Nouns are marked for gender, number and case. Verbs agree with their subject (number in the non-past tenses and gender in the past tense). The Croatian word over is Subject-Verb-Object.\n\nThe Croatian language has 5 vowel phonemes. There are 25 consonant phonemes that fall under 7 categories: bilabial, labio-dental, alveolar, post-alveolar, alveo-palatal, palatal and velar. Croatian is a high-pitched stress language. In Croatian, words with one syllable always have a falling tone. Those with two or more syllables can also have a falling tone but only on the first syllable. One can expect to have several loan words from native Slavic as opposed to Serbian and Bosnian that have loan words from Russian and Western European languages.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Croatia</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Croatia has the world’s smallest town called Hum with a population of 17</li>\n 	<li>Game of Thrones was filmed in Croatia</li>\n 	<li>The city of Zadar in Dalmatia is known to have the best sunset in the world</li>\n 	<li>Nikola Tesla was born in a mountain region in Croatia</li>\n</ul>','Croate Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Croate language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Croate translator interpreter'),(6088,6088,1,'Cayuga Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','6837db43-4786-434c-b205-547b4b7d9a39','<h2>Cayuga interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Cayuga interpreters and translators with legal, medical, and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration, and more.\n\nCIT offers comprehensive Cayuga language services including interpretation, translation, and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, provided credentials, field-tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and Cayuga languages through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel.  Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations’ Cayuga language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Cayuga language, as well as of the culture and history of the Cayuga people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Who speaks Cayuga?</h2>\nCayuga is a Northern Iroquoian language. The Five Nations Iroquois collective languages are referred to as the Iroquois Proper, or, Five Nations Iroquois language. The Northern Iroquoian sub-family encompasses Cayuga. Cayuga is spoken on Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation, in Ontario, by about 240 people, and on the Cattaraugus Reservation, in New York, by less than ten people. There were once two completely distinct dialects of the Cayuga language. However, one, called “Seneca-Cayuga,” is now extinct. Seneca-Cayuga was spoken in Oklahoma until the 1980s. The last remaining dialect simply referred to as Cayuga, is spoken today only in Ontario and New York, on the aforementioned reservations, where it is referred to as Gayogo̱hó:nǫ’.\n<h2>Cayuga Dialects</h2>\nAfter the extinction of Seneca-Cayuga, there remains only one dialect of Cayuga. However, there are two distinct varieties of Cayuga. What is referred to as The Lower Cayuga dialect is spoken in the Lower End of the Six Nations, while the Upper Cayuga variety is spoken in the Upper End. The most notable difference between the two is the use of certain sounds, and some pronunciations.\n<h2>History of Cayuga Language and People</h2>\nThe name Cayuga means literally, “People of the Great Swamp”. The Cayuga’s lands were plentiful, in the Finger Lakes region along Cayuga Lake, west of Seneca. Today, the Cayuga people belong to the Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation in Ontario, as well as the Cayuga Nation of New York, and the Seneca-Cayuga Tribe of Oklahoma.\n\nDuring the American Revolution, many Cayuga warriors joined forces with the British, hoping to put an end to the colonists quickly encroaching on their lands. This joining of forces led to General George Washington heightening his focus on the Iroquois Nation. In 1779, over 6000 troops stormed Cayuga and other Iroquois villages, decimating over 50 villages, and nearly wiping out many of the Cayuga. The remaining fled to other Iroquois nations, and some were forced to swear loyalty to the Crown to spare their lives.\n\nThen, on November 11, 1794, the Cayuga signed the Pickering Treaty with the United States, ceding most of their lands in New York to the United States. The Cayuga were forced into this “treaty” as allies of the British. The Pickering Treaty recognized the rights of the Iroquois as sovereign nations. Today, the Pickering Treaty remains a legal document in operation. The U.S. government continues to send the required gift of muslin fabric to the Iroquois nations each year.','Cayuga Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Cayuga language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Cayuga translator interpreter'),(6089,6089,1,'Cayuga Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','0b86bfb9-9505-4855-8733-6634dd5ba429','<h2>Cayuga interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Cayuga interpreters and translators with legal, medical, and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration, and more.\n\nCIT offers comprehensive Cayuga language services including interpretation, translation, and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, provided credentials, field-tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and Cayuga languages through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel.  Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations’ Cayuga language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Cayuga language, as well as of the culture and history of the Cayuga people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Who speaks Cayuga?</h2>\nCayuga is a Northern Iroquoian language. The Five Nations Iroquois collective languages are referred to as the Iroquois Proper, or, Five Nations Iroquois language. The Northern Iroquoian sub-family encompasses Cayuga. Cayuga is spoken on Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation, in Ontario, by about 240 people, and on the Cattaraugus Reservation, in New York, by less than ten people. There were once two completely distinct dialects of the Cayuga language. However, one, called “Seneca-Cayuga,” is now extinct. Seneca-Cayuga was spoken in Oklahoma until the 1980s. The last remaining dialect simply referred to as Cayuga, is spoken today only in Ontario and New York, on the aforementioned reservations, where it is referred to as Gayogo̱hó:nǫ’.\n<h2>Cayuga Dialects</h2>\nAfter the extinction of Seneca-Cayuga, there remains only one dialect of Cayuga. However, there are two distinct varieties of Cayuga. What is referred to as The Lower Cayuga dialect is spoken in the Lower End of the Six Nations, while the Upper Cayuga variety is spoken in the Upper End. The most notable difference between the two is the use of certain sounds, and some pronunciations.\n<h2>History of Cayuga Language and People</h2>\nThe name Cayuga means literally, “People of the Great Swamp”. The Cayuga’s lands were plentiful, in the Finger Lakes region along Cayuga Lake, west of Seneca. Today, the Cayuga people belong to the Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation in Ontario, as well as the Cayuga Nation of New York, and the Seneca-Cayuga Tribe of Oklahoma.\n\nDuring the American Revolution, many Cayuga warriors joined forces with the British, hoping to put an end to the colonists quickly encroaching on their lands. This joining of forces led to General George Washington heightening his focus on the Iroquois Nation. In 1779, over 6000 troops stormed Cayuga and other Iroquois villages, decimating over 50 villages, and nearly wiping out many of the Cayuga. The remaining fled to other Iroquois nations, and some were forced to swear loyalty to the Crown to spare their lives.\n\nThen, on November 11, 1794, the Cayuga signed the Pickering Treaty with the United States, ceding most of their lands in New York to the United States. The Cayuga were forced into this “treaty” as allies of the British. The Pickering Treaty recognized the rights of the Iroquois as sovereign nations. Today, the Pickering Treaty remains a legal document in operation. The U.S. government continues to send the required gift of muslin fabric to the Iroquois nations each year.','Cayuga Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Cayuga language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Cayuga translator interpreter'),(6090,6090,1,'Cebuano Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','6f351313-811f-4a0d-8466-414e6163398e','<h2>Cebuano interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Cebuano interpreters and translators with legal, medical, and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration, and more.\n\nCIT offers comprehensive Cebuano language services including interpretation, translation, and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and Cebuano languages through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel.  Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations’ Cebuano language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Cebuano language, as well as of the culture and history of the Cebuano people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Who speaks Cebuano?</h2>\nCebuano is also referred to as Cebuan, Bisaya, and, colloquially by the majority of its speakers, Bisaya. Cebuano is a Visayan language, derived from the Austronesian language family, spoken in the Philippines. Over 21 million people speak Cebuano, mostly in the Central Visayas, western parts of the Eastern Visayas, and throughout most parts of Mindanao, where it is the lingua franca. Cebuano is the most commonly spoken of the Visayan languages, making it one of the most spoken Philippine languages. The official regulatory body of Philippine languages spells the name of the language as Sebwano. Cebuano boasts the largest native language-speaking population in the Philippines.\n<h2>Cebuano, Bisaya, Visayan…what’s the difference?</h2>\nIn every day conversation, Cebuano is more often referred to as Bisaya. The term Bisaya, however, may cause confusion, as many other Visayan languages are also often referred to as Bisaya. These Visayan languages are not mutually intelligible with speakers of Cebuano. Visayan is the language family in which Cebuano, or, “Bisaya” originates.\n\nAdditionally, the term Cebuano has caused some objection among linguists. There exist multiple generations of Cebuano speakers in northern Mindanao who claim an ancestry that traces back to Cebuano speakers native to Mindanao, who did not immigrate from the Visayas. Complicating matters further, these people ethnically identify as Bisaya and not Cebuano, and call their language <em>Binisaya.</em>\n\nTo put it simply, despite many syntactic complexities, Cebuano, Bisaya, and Binisaya are the same language, a part of the Visayan language family.\n<h2>History of Cebuano Language and People</h2>\nCebuano has been spoken since the Proto-Austronesian era, which existed over 6000 years ago in what is now the modern-day Cebu Islands. Cebuano originally spread from Cebu to neighboring islands, as well as Bohol, western and southern parts of Leyte and most parts of Mindanao, at least. The first documentation of the Cebuano language was in a list of vocabulary words composed by a 14th-century Italian explorer on board Ferdinand Magellan’s famous 1500’s expedition that led to the discovery of North America. Written Cebuano emerged among Spanish missionaries in the early 18th century. Due to the three hundred years of Spanish colonialism, Cebuano contains many words originating from the Spanish language. With the arrival of Spanish colonists, for example, a Latin-based writing system emerged, eradicating the previous script. This period also contributed a number of Spanish loanwords and surnames.','Cebuano Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Cebuano language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Cebuano translator interpreter'),(6091,6091,1,'Cebuano Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','e212e9d8-a2f2-4860-8a00-34c0b95652cd','<h2>Cebuano interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Cebuano interpreters and translators with legal, medical, and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration, and more.\n\nCIT offers comprehensive Cebuano language services including interpretation, translation, and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and Cebuano languages through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel.  Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations’ Cebuano language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Cebuano language, as well as of the culture and history of the Cebuano people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Who speaks Cebuano?</h2>\nCebuano is also referred to as Cebuan, Bisaya, and, colloquially by the majority of its speakers, Bisaya. Cebuano is a Visayan language, derived from the Austronesian language family, spoken in the Philippines. Over 21 million people speak Cebuano, mostly in the Central Visayas, western parts of the Eastern Visayas, and throughout most parts of Mindanao, where it is the lingua franca. Cebuano is the most commonly spoken of the Visayan languages, making it one of the most spoken Philippine languages. The official regulatory body of Philippine languages spells the name of the language as Sebwano. Cebuano boasts the largest native language-speaking population in the Philippines.\n<h2>Cebuano, Bisaya, Visayan…what’s the difference?</h2>\nIn every day conversation, Cebuano is more often referred to as Bisaya. The term Bisaya, however, may cause confusion, as many other Visayan languages are also often referred to as Bisaya. These Visayan languages are not mutually intelligible with speakers of Cebuano. Visayan is the language family in which Cebuano, or, “Bisaya” originates.\n\nAdditionally, the term Cebuano has caused some objection among linguists. There exist multiple generations of Cebuano speakers in northern Mindanao who claim an ancestry that traces back to Cebuano speakers native to Mindanao, who did not immigrate from the Visayas. Complicating matters further, these people ethnically identify as Bisaya and not Cebuano, and call their language <em>Binisaya.</em>\n\nTo put it simply, despite many syntactic complexities, Cebuano, Bisaya, and Binisaya are the same language, a part of the Visayan language family.\n<h2>History of Cebuano Language and People</h2>\nCebuano has been spoken since the Proto-Austronesian era, which existed over 6000 years ago in what is now the modern-day Cebu Islands. Cebuano originally spread from Cebu to neighboring islands, as well as Bohol, western and southern parts of Leyte and most parts of Mindanao, at least. The first documentation of the Cebuano language was in a list of vocabulary words composed by a 14th-century Italian explorer on board Ferdinand Magellan’s famous 1500’s expedition that led to the discovery of North America. Written Cebuano emerged among Spanish missionaries in the early 18th century. Due to the three hundred years of Spanish colonialism, Cebuano contains many words originating from the Spanish language. With the arrival of Spanish colonists, for example, a Latin-based writing system emerged, eradicating the previous script. This period also contributed a number of Spanish loanwords and surnames.','Cebuano Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Cebuano language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Cebuano translator interpreter'),(6092,6092,1,'Chechen Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','be7a9d33-67fd-43b3-bf38-064897ac6ec3','<h2>Chechen interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Chechen interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Chechen language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Chechen language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Chechen language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Chechen language, as well as of the culture and history of the Chechen people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Chechen Language and History of Chechnya</h2>\nThe Chechen language, spoken by approximately 1.35 million people, is the primary language of the Republic of Chechnya. Chechnya is part of the Russian Federation. While Russian is the language that is used for a wide spectrum of communication, Chechen is primarily spoken among Chechens. They are still bilingual, speaking both Chechen and Russian. Although Chechen is taught in schools and used in media, the Russian’s understanding of the language is not perfect.\n\nChechen is part of the Nakh-Daghestanian languages. Chechen is also spoken in Georgia, Germany, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Syria, Turkey and Uzbekistan. In Chechen, Chechens call themselves <em>Noxchi</em>. The word <em>Chechen</em> comes from the town <em>Cheechan</em>, where the Russians met the first people who spoke Chechen. The language itself has been preserved by certain groups of people who were sent to Dagestan and Georgia in the 40s and 50s. It is also preserved by the descendants of people who were deported in the 1800s to Turkey and Jordan.\n\nUnlike neighboring nations such as Armenia and Georgia, the Chechens do not have their own alphabet. The Chechen language is written with Arabic, Cyrillic, Latin and Georgian alphabets. It was originally written in Arabic in the 150s when Islam was introduced. From the years between 1925 and 1938, it was written in the Latin alphabet. In 1938, the Cyrillic alphabet took over but was replaced again with a new Latin alphabet in 1992. However, after the government was defeated, the Cyrillic alphabet was once again used. In Georgia, the Georgian alphabet can also be used for the Chechen language.\n\nThe Chechen language is part of the Vainakh subset of North-Eastern Caucasian languages. They are their own branch and are not related to other languages such as Semitic, Turkic or Indo-Germanic languages. Generally speaking, Chechens are related to the Ingush people, who live close by along with the Bats, who moved to lush valleys in Georgia in the 1500s and became Christians. Additionally, there are the Kists, who came from the Pankisi Valley in Georgia to Chechnya. They have remained Sunni Muslims but have kept their own language.\n<h2>Dialects of the Chechen Language</h2>\nThere are several dialects in the Chechen language. Although it is spoken in many areas in the world, most of the dialects are quite understandable and clear. Some of the dialects are Ploskost (spoken in the central lowland), Itumkala (Shatoi), Melkhin, Kistin, Cheberloi Akkin and Galanchoi.\n<h2>Grammar and Sound System of Chechen</h2>\nThere are several grammatical elements that make up the Chechen language. There is a complex sound system with many vowels and consonants. Most vowels can be long or short. A longer vowel makes for a different meaning in a word. The Chechen language is an ergative language, meaning objects of transitive verbs and subjects of intransitive words are treated the same. Grammatically, Chechen used agglutination and inflection for grammatical categories.\n\nNouns in Chechen are marked for case, number and class. The 8 cases of the Chechen language are nominative, genitive, dative, ergative, allative, lative instrumental and comparative. There are also masculine and feminine nouns and ten declension classes. The verb system is intricate, has 34 vowel change classes for regular verbs. There is no solid word order in Chechen as it varies depending on the contextual factor.\n\nThe Chechen vocabulary used today comes from Native Chechen or from other neighboring languages such as Russian, Turkic, Georgian, Arabic and Persian.','Chechen Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Chechen language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Chechen translator interpreter'),(6093,6093,1,'Chechen Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','d94dd46c-66c4-40bb-9763-a100980985a6','<h2>Chechen interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Chechen interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Chechen language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Chechen language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Chechen language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Chechen language, as well as of the culture and history of the Chechen people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Chechen Language and History of Chechnya</h2>\nThe Chechen language, spoken by approximately 1.35 million people, is the primary language of the Republic of Chechnya. Chechnya is part of the Russian Federation. While Russian is the language that is used for a wide spectrum of communication, Chechen is primarily spoken among Chechens. They are still bilingual, speaking both Chechen and Russian. Although Chechen is taught in schools and used in media, the Russian’s understanding of the language is not perfect.\n\nChechen is part of the Nakh-Daghestanian languages. Chechen is also spoken in Georgia, Germany, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Syria, Turkey and Uzbekistan. In Chechen, Chechens call themselves <em>Noxchi</em>. The word <em>Chechen</em> comes from the town <em>Cheechan</em>, where the Russians met the first people who spoke Chechen. The language itself has been preserved by certain groups of people who were sent to Dagestan and Georgia in the 40s and 50s. It is also preserved by the descendants of people who were deported in the 1800s to Turkey and Jordan.\n\nUnlike neighboring nations such as Armenia and Georgia, the Chechens do not have their own alphabet. The Chechen language is written with Arabic, Cyrillic, Latin and Georgian alphabets. It was originally written in Arabic in the 150s when Islam was introduced. From the years between 1925 and 1938, it was written in the Latin alphabet. In 1938, the Cyrillic alphabet took over but was replaced again with a new Latin alphabet in 1992. However, after the government was defeated, the Cyrillic alphabet was once again used. In Georgia, the Georgian alphabet can also be used for the Chechen language.\n\nThe Chechen language is part of the Vainakh subset of North-Eastern Caucasian languages. They are their own branch and are not related to other languages such as Semitic, Turkic or Indo-Germanic languages. Generally speaking, Chechens are related to the Ingush people, who live close by along with the Bats, who moved to lush valleys in Georgia in the 1500s and became Christians. Additionally, there are the Kists, who came from the Pankisi Valley in Georgia to Chechnya. They have remained Sunni Muslims but have kept their own language.\n<h2>Dialects of the Chechen Language</h2>\nThere are several dialects in the Chechen language. Although it is spoken in many areas in the world, most of the dialects are quite understandable and clear. Some of the dialects are Ploskost (spoken in the central lowland), Itumkala (Shatoi), Melkhin, Kistin, Cheberloi Akkin and Galanchoi.\n<h2>Grammar and Sound System of Chechen</h2>\nThere are several grammatical elements that make up the Chechen language. There is a complex sound system with many vowels and consonants. Most vowels can be long or short. A longer vowel makes for a different meaning in a word. The Chechen language is an ergative language, meaning objects of transitive verbs and subjects of intransitive words are treated the same. Grammatically, Chechen used agglutination and inflection for grammatical categories.\n\nNouns in Chechen are marked for case, number and class. The 8 cases of the Chechen language are nominative, genitive, dative, ergative, allative, lative instrumental and comparative. There are also masculine and feminine nouns and ten declension classes. The verb system is intricate, has 34 vowel change classes for regular verbs. There is no solid word order in Chechen as it varies depending on the contextual factor.\n\nThe Chechen vocabulary used today comes from Native Chechen or from other neighboring languages such as Russian, Turkic, Georgian, Arabic and Persian.','Chechen Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Chechen language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Chechen translator interpreter'),(6094,6094,1,'Czech Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2c37cf3d-fa52-4d01-916c-3d6072752de8','<h2>Czech interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Czech interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Czech language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Czech language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Czech language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Czech language, as well as of the culture and history of the Czech people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Czech Language</h2>\nThe Czech language, part of the Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages, is spoke by about 9.2 million people in the Czech Republic. Additionally, people in various countries such as Austria, Bulgaria, Canada, the US and Israel speak Czech. Overall, it is estimated that 9.5 million people worldwide speak Czech. The Czech language is close to Slovak, whereas speakers of the languages are often able to understand one another.\n\nCzech remains the official language of the Czech Republic and is used in all levels of education, media, publication and government affairs. The dialect of Prague, which is also the capital of the country, is the basis for the Standard Czech language.\n\nThere are several dialects in the Czech language. They are: Central Bohemian, Czecho-Moravia, Southwest Bohemian, Northeast Bohemian, Hanak and Lach. There are several influences between the Czech found in books (literary Czech) and the Common (or spoke) Czech language.  The main differences between the two are the pronunciation and the structure of words.\n<h2>Sound System and Structure of Czech</h2>\nThe Czech language has five vowel phonemes. Vowels are either long or short, depending on the meaning of the word.\n\nThe Czech language also has several consonants, typically clustered together. They are affected by voice adjustment. They can be bilabial, labio-dental, alveo-dental, post-alveolar, palatal, velar or glottal. They address stops fricatives, affricatives, nasals, laterals trill and approximants. The stress on a word is always on the first syllable. The Czech language is similar to other Slavic languages. Like other Slavic languages, nouns are specified by gender, number and case. There are three genders (masculine, feminine and neutral). There are two numbers (singular and plural) and seven cases (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, locative and vocative).\n\nVerbs in the Czech language have multiple categories. They are conjugated, have gender, number and personal differences. Like other Slavic languages, the Czech language personal pronouns are dropped since the end of the verb makes the person clear. Verbs agree with their subject in person and number. There are two tenses (past and non-past) and three moods (indicative, imperative and conditional) along with two voices (active and passive). The Czech language follows the Subject-Verb-Object order. Most of the vocabulary in the Czech language comes from standard Slavic roots. This is shared in common with all Slavic languages. The main influences on the Czech language are Old Church Slavonic along with Latin and German.','Czech Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Czech language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Czech translator interpreter'),(6095,6095,1,'Czech Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','84b32a3d-5d6a-402a-b818-8ef05f24e059','<h2>Czech interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Czech interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Czech language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Czech language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Czech language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Czech language, as well as of the culture and history of the Czech people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Czech Language</h2>\nThe Czech language, part of the Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages, is spoke by about 9.2 million people in the Czech Republic. Additionally, people in various countries such as Austria, Bulgaria, Canada, the US and Israel speak Czech. Overall, it is estimated that 9.5 million people worldwide speak Czech. The Czech language is close to Slovak, whereas speakers of the languages are often able to understand one another.\n\nCzech remains the official language of the Czech Republic and is used in all levels of education, media, publication and government affairs. The dialect of Prague, which is also the capital of the country, is the basis for the Standard Czech language.\n\nThere are several dialects in the Czech language. They are: Central Bohemian, Czecho-Moravia, Southwest Bohemian, Northeast Bohemian, Hanak and Lach. There are several influences between the Czech found in books (literary Czech) and the Common (or spoke) Czech language.  The main differences between the two are the pronunciation and the structure of words.\n<h2>Sound System and Structure of Czech</h2>\nThe Czech language has five vowel phonemes. Vowels are either long or short, depending on the meaning of the word.\n\nThe Czech language also has several consonants, typically clustered together. They are affected by voice adjustment. They can be bilabial, labio-dental, alveo-dental, post-alveolar, palatal, velar or glottal. They address stops fricatives, affricatives, nasals, laterals trill and approximants. The stress on a word is always on the first syllable. The Czech language is similar to other Slavic languages. Like other Slavic languages, nouns are specified by gender, number and case. There are three genders (masculine, feminine and neutral). There are two numbers (singular and plural) and seven cases (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, locative and vocative).\n\nVerbs in the Czech language have multiple categories. They are conjugated, have gender, number and personal differences. Like other Slavic languages, the Czech language personal pronouns are dropped since the end of the verb makes the person clear. Verbs agree with their subject in person and number. There are two tenses (past and non-past) and three moods (indicative, imperative and conditional) along with two voices (active and passive). The Czech language follows the Subject-Verb-Object order. Most of the vocabulary in the Czech language comes from standard Slavic roots. This is shared in common with all Slavic languages. The main influences on the Czech language are Old Church Slavonic along with Latin and German.','Czech Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Czech language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Czech translator interpreter'),(6096,6096,1,'Danish & Dansk Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','37d8fc55-ae18-4e8c-936f-9fc0ae035986','<h2>Danish interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Danish interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Danish language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Danish language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Danish language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Danish language, as well as of the culture and history of the Danish people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Background of the Danish Language</h2>\nThe Danish language, also known as the Dansk language, is the official language of the people of Denmark. Over 5 million people today speak the Dansk language. Dansk is spoken by a few communities south of the German border and is taught in schools in the Faroe Islands of Iceland and Greenland. The language is part of the North Germanic languages. It is related to other Scandinavian languages but was separated about 1000 AD. The oldest documentation of the Danish language was found in runic inscriptions in the Jutland of southern Sweden from circa 250-800 AD. The earliest manuscripts in Danish were from the 13<sup>th</sup> century.\n\nOf all the Scandinavian languages, Danish has gone through the greatest change from Old Scandinavian. During the Middle Ages, it had lost it’s old case system, had combined masculine and feminine into one common gender and acquired German-type words, prefixes and suffixes. This was primarily due to contact with traders from the Hanseatic League.\n\nToday, the Danish language has drastically evolved from what it was many years ago. In modern Danish, there are only two cases, nominative and genitive and two genders, common and neutral. As old as the language is, it continues to change. Not long ago, in 1948, the language eliminated the capitalization of nouns and made spelling more similar to Norwegian and Swedish by replacing the <em>aa</em> letter for the <em>å.</em>\n<h2>Fun Facts</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>The Danish people have been known to be the happiest people in the world</li>\n 	<li>A common snack in Denmark is salty licorice and a cold glass of milk</li>\n 	<li>Denmark manes “land of the Danes”</li>\n 	<li>Denmark is made up of over 100 island</li>\n 	<li>No place in Denmark is further than 30 miles from the sea</li>\n 	<li>The US acquired the Virgin Islands from Denmark in 1917</li>\n 	<li>Tivoli Gardens in Copenhagen is what inspired Walt Disney to create Disneyland</li>\n</ul>','Danish & Dansk Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Danish & Dansk language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Danish & Dansk translator interpreter'),(6097,6097,1,'Danish & Dansk Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','9880d536-4a03-4120-9e8c-d88918adb4a9','<h2>Danish interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Danish interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Danish language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Danish language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Danish language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Danish language, as well as of the culture and history of the Danish people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Background of the Danish Language</h2>\nThe Danish language, also known as the Dansk language, is the official language of the people of Denmark. Over 5 million people today speak the Dansk language. Dansk is spoken by a few communities south of the German border and is taught in schools in the Faroe Islands of Iceland and Greenland. The language is part of the North Germanic languages. It is related to other Scandinavian languages but was separated about 1000 AD. The oldest documentation of the Danish language was found in runic inscriptions in the Jutland of southern Sweden from circa 250-800 AD. The earliest manuscripts in Danish were from the 13<sup>th</sup> century.\n\nOf all the Scandinavian languages, Danish has gone through the greatest change from Old Scandinavian. During the Middle Ages, it had lost it’s old case system, had combined masculine and feminine into one common gender and acquired German-type words, prefixes and suffixes. This was primarily due to contact with traders from the Hanseatic League.\n\nToday, the Danish language has drastically evolved from what it was many years ago. In modern Danish, there are only two cases, nominative and genitive and two genders, common and neutral. As old as the language is, it continues to change. Not long ago, in 1948, the language eliminated the capitalization of nouns and made spelling more similar to Norwegian and Swedish by replacing the <em>aa</em> letter for the <em>å.</em>\n<h2>Fun Facts</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>The Danish people have been known to be the happiest people in the world</li>\n 	<li>A common snack in Denmark is salty licorice and a cold glass of milk</li>\n 	<li>Denmark manes “land of the Danes”</li>\n 	<li>Denmark is made up of over 100 island</li>\n 	<li>No place in Denmark is further than 30 miles from the sea</li>\n 	<li>The US acquired the Virgin Islands from Denmark in 1917</li>\n 	<li>Tivoli Gardens in Copenhagen is what inspired Walt Disney to create Disneyland</li>\n</ul>','Danish & Dansk Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Danish & Dansk language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Danish & Dansk translator interpreter'),(6098,6098,1,'Dida Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:38','81858047-9a49-4c8b-a2d9-5c90f3ab66ea','<h2>Dida Translator &amp; Interpreter Services</h2>\nCIT offers you the traditional methods of facilitated communication in addition to the latest developments in the lingual industry. This means that you get ultra-premium in-person interpretation as well as translation and transcription while getting exclusive access to some of the leading VRI, localization, and telephonic experts in the industry. Throughout each assignment, we rely on a core set of principles that allow us to offer comprehensive and clear services. Even with more convenient options, we bring you a skilled linguist with years of field experience.\n\nWhen CIT brings you a translator or interpreter in any of the 200 languages that we work with, including Dida, they always possess a very familiar understanding of their language pairs as well as the cultural implications of their communications.\n<h2>The Dida Language</h2>\nAs one of the main Kru languages, most Dida speakers live in West Africa. Its two dialects, Yocoboué and Lakota, evenly split the amount of Dida speakers around the planet. The Yocoboué speakers split further into the dialects of Lozoua, or Lozwa, and Divo, the latter being the more commonly known ones. The Abu and Vata dialects comprise the Lakota speakers.\n\nIn terms of sound, ten vowels make up the languages, nine of which are sorted by the intensity required to pronounce each one. The final one serves as an outlier that brings them all together. The various ways that these vowels change the route of speech truly differs from any other language. The delicate nature of each sound challenges even the native Dida translator or interpreter, so reach out to us today to work with an expert. The diphthongs create the same nuances in terms of contracted vowels and such.\n\nThe uncommon nasal vowels found in the language sound funny to some, but represent a staple in many West African languages. Beyond a perfect fluency in Dida, our linguists bring a deep level of cultural knowledge. This way they can accurately reflect the ideas of the source. In addition, they possess experience in every setting, so you never need to worry about them folding under pressure. We guarantee the accuracy of our work, so if our linguists make a single mistake we’ll redo the work. No matter what industry or job type you need us for, we’ll be there. In addition, we offer competitive rates on rush jobs, as most firms in the fee do. Feel free to call us today!\n<h2>Hire a Dida Interpreter or Translator</h2>\nNeed a Dida interpreter or Dida translator? CIT is here to help! We’ll draw on our network of thousands of certified, mother-tongue linguists to provide you with a Dida interpreter or translator when and where you need them. To learn more, schedule a Dida interpreting assignment, or request a Dida translation, call us at 888-737-9009 or email us at <a href=\"mailto:info@calinterpreting.com\">info@calinterpreting.com</a>.','Dida Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Dida language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Dida translator interpreter'),(6099,6099,1,'Dida Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','5d58d495-5439-4d23-aeba-d191cc1c38b9','<h2>Dida Translator &amp; Interpreter Services</h2>\nCIT offers you the traditional methods of facilitated communication in addition to the latest developments in the lingual industry. This means that you get ultra-premium in-person interpretation as well as translation and transcription while getting exclusive access to some of the leading VRI, localization, and telephonic experts in the industry. Throughout each assignment, we rely on a core set of principles that allow us to offer comprehensive and clear services. Even with more convenient options, we bring you a skilled linguist with years of field experience. When CIT brings you a translator or interpreter in any of the 200 languages that we work with, including Dida, they always possess a very familiar understanding of their language pairs as well as the cultural implications of their communications.\n<h2>The Dida Language</h2>\nAs one of the main Kru languages, most Dida speakers live in West Africa. Its two dialects, Yocoboué and Lakota, evenly split the amount of Dida speakers around the planet. The Yocoboué speakers split further into the dialects of Lozoua, or Lozwa, and Divo, the latter being the more commonly known ones. The Abu and Vata dialects comprise the Lakota speakers.\n\nIn terms of sound, ten vowels make up the languages, nine of which are sorted by the intensity required to pronounce each one. The final one serves as an outlier that brings them all together. The various ways that these vowels change the route of speech truly differs from any other language. The delicate nature of each sound challenges even the native Dida translator or interpreter, so reach out to us today to work with an expert. The diphthongs create the same nuances in terms of contracted vowels and such.\n\nThe uncommon nasal vowels found in the language sound funny to some, but represent a staple in many West African languages. Beyond a perfect fluency in Dida, our linguists bring a deep level of cultural knowledge. This way they can accurately reflect the ideas of the source. In addition, they possess experience in every setting, so you never need to worry about them folding under pressure. We guarantee the accuracy of our work, so if our linguists make a single mistake we’ll redo the work. No matter what industry or job type you need us for, we’ll be there. Rush jobs are no problem and competitively priced. Feel free to call us today!\n<h2>Hire a Dida Interpreter or Translator</h2>\nNeed a Dida interpreter or Dida translator? CIT is here to help! We’ll draw on our network of thousands of certified, mother-tongue linguists to provide you with a Dida interpreter or translator when and where you need them. To learn more, schedule a Dida interpreting assignment, or request a Dida translation, call us at 888-737-9009 or email us at <a href=\"mailto:info@calinterpreting.com\">info@calinterpreting.com</a>.','Dida Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Dida language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Dida translator interpreter'),(6100,6100,1,'Duala Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','5233d7ff-dbfd-4d6e-88ce-0ac7e0b185b9','<h2>Duala interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Duala interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Duala language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Duala language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Duala language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Duala language, as well as of the culture and history of the Duala people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Duala Language</h2>\nThe Duala language, also spelled Diwala, Douala (in French), Dualla, Dwala, Dwela and Sara, is a Bantu language spoken primarily by the people of Cameroon. It is ethnically a language of Douala, Mungo, spoken by approximately 2 million people worldwide. In 1982, it was estimated that around 87,700 people worldwide spoke the language. As one can see, the numbers have since grown quite sizably. It is part of the Niger-Congo family of languages, having approximately five dialects: Duala proper, Bodiman, Oli (Ewodi, Wuri), Pongo and Mongo (Muungo). The language is spoken in many regions, such as the Littoral region. The language is primarily spoken in southern Cameroon along with costal Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea.\n\nDuala is the primary language spoken in the largest city in Cameroon. Duala is used for all forms of communication, such as media, business, trade and religious purposes. Duala is broken up into several classifications. They are as follows: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Colta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu and Northwest.\n\nThere are eight ethnic groups or tribes that make up the Duala people. They are: Bakole, Bakweri, Duala proper, Isubu, Limba, Mungo and Wovea.\n<h2>Duala in History</h2>\nThe first time the Duala language appeared in writing was in 1862, when it appeared as a Biblical translation. In 1932, the orthography of the language was re-evaluated and changed. In 1979, the alphabet was made generalized with all languages spoken in Cameroon. The language of Duala is a tri-tonal language. There is a high tone, a low tone and a falling-rising tone.\n\nMost of the Duala history is passed down from generation to generation orally. There are several myths as to where the Duala people originated. The Duala proper and the Limba trace their lineage back to a man named Mbedi. He lived in Bakota, which is known as Gabon or the Republic of Congo today. He had two songs, Ewale and Dibongo, who migrated to the north and reached Pitti, located on the Dibamba River. Ewale moved to the river area while Dibongo moved southeast to the Sanaga River. Ewala’s people became known as the Duala and Dibongo’s followers were known as the Limba.\n\nThe Duala proper were best known as leading traders on the coast of Cameroon, beginning in the 1500s. The village they came from, the Duala village, became quite prosperous and grew quickly.\n\nThe Duala people have been governed by the German, British and French. The British, notably, wanted to make the Duala people a more civilized group. They planed to do so through education and by converting them to Christianity. In 1844, Joseph Merrick convinced King William to let him open a church and school in Bimbia. A gentleman named Alfred Saker soon followed with a mission in Douala. Saker founded Victoria, known as Limbe today. In 1875, there were many missions and schools in Victoria. The missionaries learned the Duala language and helped invent writings, which they used to translate the Bible. Not long after, Victoria was home to many slaves who had been freed, working class and Duala people who had converted to Christianity.\n\nDuala Society had been divided into three: the Wonja (native Duala who had complete rights to land), Wajili (non-Duala people or descendants of slaves) and lastly, the Wakomi (slaves).\n<h2>Duala and the Arts</h2>\nThe Duala people are known for their arts and hand-crafted materials, passed down from generation to generation. <em>Bakweri</em> are known to be very good in the skill of weaving hats and shirts. They also make cabinets, chairs and tables.\n\nThe Duala have a bright and lively musical and dance scene, which is displayed with their culture. Their musical style is<em> Ambasse bey</em>, which is a style of folk music.  There are several purposes to their dances, such as a funeral and wedding dance. There are two major festivals that occur each year, where the Duala display their music and dance. During these festivals, all the people of Cameroon are invited to participate.','Duala Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Duala language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Duala translator interpreter'),(6101,6101,1,'Duala Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','051e7c51-4fcf-4a96-a2c2-77739c11158c','<h2>Duala interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Duala interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Duala language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Duala language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Duala language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Duala language, as well as of the culture and history of the Duala people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Duala Language</h2>\nThe Duala language, also spelled Diwala, Douala (in French), Dualla, Dwala, Dwela and Sara, is a Bantu language spoken primarily by the people of Cameroon. It is ethnically a language of Douala, Mungo, spoken by approximately 2 million people worldwide. In 1982, it was estimated that around 87,700 people worldwide spoke the language. As one can see, the numbers have since grown quite sizably. It is part of the Niger-Congo family of languages, having approximately five dialects: Duala proper, Bodiman, Oli (Ewodi, Wuri), Pongo and Mongo (Muungo). The language is spoken in many regions, such as the Littoral region. The language is primarily spoken in southern Cameroon along with costal Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea.\n\nDuala is the primary language spoken in the largest city in Cameroon. Duala is used for all forms of communication, such as media, business, trade and religious purposes. Duala is broken up into several classifications. They are as follows: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Colta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu and Northwest.\n\nThere are eight ethnic groups or tribes that make up the Duala people. They are: Bakole, Bakweri, Duala proper, Isubu, Limba, Mungo and Wovea.\n<h2>Duala in History</h2>\nThe first time the Duala language appeared in writing was in 1862, when it appeared as a Biblical translation. In 1932, the orthography of the language was re-evaluated and changed. In 1979, the alphabet was made generalized with all languages spoken in Cameroon. The language of Duala is a tri-tonal language. There is a high tone, a low tone and a falling-rising tone.\n\nMost of the Duala history is passed down from generation to generation orally. There are several myths as to where the Duala people originated. The Duala proper and the Limba trace their lineage back to a man named Mbedi. He lived in Bakota, which is known as Gabon or the Republic of Congo today. He had two songs, Ewale and Dibongo, who migrated to the north and reached Pitti, located on the Dibamba River. Ewale moved to the river area while Dibongo moved southeast to the Sanaga River. Ewala’s people became known as the Duala and Dibongo’s followers were known as the Limba.\n\nThe Duala proper were best known as leading traders on the coast of Cameroon, beginning in the 1500s. The village they came from, the Duala village, became quite prosperous and grew quickly.\n\nThe Duala people have been governed by the German, British and French. The British, notably, wanted to make the Duala people a more civilized group. They planed to do so through education and by converting them to Christianity. In 1844, Joseph Merrick convinced King William to let him open a church and school in Bimbia. A gentleman named Alfred Saker soon followed with a mission in Douala. Saker founded Victoria, known as Limbe today. In 1875, there were many missions and schools in Victoria. The missionaries learned the Duala language and helped invent writings, which they used to translate the Bible. Not long after, Victoria was home to many slaves who had been freed, working class and Duala people who had converted to Christianity.\n\nDuala Society had been divided into three: the Wonja (native Duala who had complete rights to land), Wajili (non-Duala people or descendants of slaves) and lastly, the Wakomi (slaves).\n<h2>Duala and the Arts</h2>\nThe Duala people are known for their arts and hand-crafted materials, passed down from generation to generation. <em>Bakweri</em> are known to be very good in the skill of weaving hats and shirts. They also make cabinets, chairs and tables.\n\nThe Duala have a bright and lively musical and dance scene, which is displayed with their culture. Their musical style is<em> Ambasse bey</em>, which is a style of folk music.  There are several purposes to their dances, such as a funeral and wedding dance. There are two major festivals that occur each year, where the Duala display their music and dance. During these festivals, all the people of Cameroon are invited to participate.','Duala Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Duala language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Duala translator interpreter'),(6102,6102,1,'Dutch Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','74647505-4a4f-4af4-af90-3dabd34e794d','<h2>Dutch interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Dutch interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Dutch language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Dutch language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Dutch language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Dutch language, as well as of the culture and history of the Dutch people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Dutch Language</h2>\nThe Dutch language is an Indo-European language spoken by approximately 23 million people. Of this amount, 16.4 million people speak Dutch in Holland and in the northern part of Belgium, including Brussels. Dutch is also spoken in Aruba, Brazil, Canada, Curacao, Germany, Saint Maarten, South Africa, Suriname and the US.\n\nThe Dutch language got its name from a German word, theodisk, which refers to the language spoken by the people as opposed to Latin. Eventually, theodisk became Deutsch in modern German. In Dutch, the world is split into two words: duits, which means German and diets, which means Dutch.\n\nBefore Holland became an independent country in 1550, the word Dutch simply meant and Germanic language. Those who came from German settlers in Pennsylvania are known as the Pennsylvania Dutch.\n\nAcross multiple countries, the Dutch language holds a different status. In the Netherlands, Dutch is the standard language spoken by over 16 million people. It is used in education, media, politics and publications. In Belgium, Dutch is used as a national language, along with French and German. Over 6 million people speak Dutch in Belgium. In France, there are approximately 80,000 speakers of the language, which is known as Vlaams or Flemish. It has no official status as a language in France. In Aruba, it is the de facto language, spoken by just over 5,200 people. This number is on a steady decline. Dutch is also the national language of Bonaire, Saint Eustatius, Saba and Sint Maarten. It is the de facto language of Suriname and Curacao.\n\nThere are several dialects of the Dutch language, especially considering how many countries speak Dutch. In the Netherlands, there are four dialects: Low German (spoken in Groningen, Drenthe and Overijssel), Zuid-Gelders(spoken in the North Rhine-Westphalia), Brabantian and Linburgish. In Belgium,\n\nThere are several dialects of the Dutch language, especially considering how many countries speak Dutch. In the Netherlands, there are four dialects: Low German (spoken in Groningen, Drenthe and Overijssel), Zuid-Gelders(spoken in the North Rhine-Westphalia), Brabantian and Linburgish. In Belgium, Flemish is categorized by the French loanwords in the language. Some dialects in Belgium include West Flemish (spoken in Zeeland and around Dunkirk, located on the border), East Flemish, Brabantian and Linburgish.\n<h2>Sounds of Dutch</h2>\nThere are 16 vowel phonemes in the Dutch language, with 5 being short and 7 long. There are 3 diphthongs as well. There are several consonants as well, such as bilabial, labio-dental, alveolar, post-alveolar, palatal, velar, uvular and glottal vowels with fricative, nasal, lateral and trill stops. The stress on Dutch words is usually on the first syllable.\n\nGrammar in the Dutch language is far simpler than that of German and follows that of English grammar, as it has no noun or adjective declensions but still possesses pronominal inflections. There are two genders in Dutch words (common and neuter), two numbers (singular and plural), two definite articles and one indefinite article. In Dutch, verbs follow a very simple outline in that there are only two simple tenses (present and past). Verbs are conjugated in the future using an auxiliary verb (ex: I <em>will</em> go to work). There are three moods (indicative, imperative and conditional) and three voices (active, middle and passive). The word order in Dutch follows the Subject-Verb-Object framework and the vocabulary in Dutch is of Germanic origin.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Dutch</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>More than 25% of the Netherlands is below sea level</li>\n 	<li>Almost a third of Dutch mothers deliver their babies at home</li>\n 	<li>Dutch people are some of the tallest in the world</li>\n 	<li>Most of the country is flat, with the highest point being only about 9,000 feet high, causing the country to have the nickname, The Pancake</li>\n 	<li>Over 85% of the Dutch speak English as a second language</li>\n 	<li>The Netherlands is the largest exporter of beer in the world</li>\n</ul>','Dutch Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Dutch language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Dutch translator interpreter'),(6103,6103,1,'Dutch Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','b973fd1f-52e6-4459-9482-ba6b8599d5ed','<h2>Dutch interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Dutch interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Dutch language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Dutch language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Dutch language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Dutch language, as well as of the culture and history of the Dutch people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Dutch Language</h2>\nThe Dutch language is an Indo-European language spoken by approximately 23 million people. Of this amount, 16.4 million people speak Dutch in Holland and in the northern part of Belgium, including Brussels. Dutch is also spoken in Aruba, Brazil, Canada, Curacao, Germany, Saint Maarten, South Africa, Suriname and the US.\n\nThe Dutch language got its name from a German word, theodisk, which refers to the language spoken by the people as opposed to Latin. Eventually, theodisk became Deutsch in modern German. In Dutch, the world is split into two words: duits, which means German and diets, which means Dutch.\n\nBefore Holland became an independent country in 1550, the word Dutch simply meant and Germanic language. Those who came from German settlers in Pennsylvania are known as the Pennsylvania Dutch.\n\nAcross multiple countries, the Dutch language holds a different status. In the Netherlands, Dutch is the standard language spoken by over 16 million people. It is used in education, media, politics and publications. In Belgium, Dutch is used as a national language, along with French and German. Over 6 million people speak Dutch in Belgium. In France, there are approximately 80,000 speakers of the language, which is known as Vlaams or Flemish. It has no official status as a language in France. In Aruba, it is the de facto language, spoken by just over 5,200 people. This number is on a steady decline. Dutch is also the national language of Bonaire, Saint Eustatius, Saba and Sint Maarten. It is the de facto language of Suriname and Curacao.\n\nThere are several dialects of the Dutch language, especially considering how many countries speak Dutch. In the Netherlands, there are four dialects: Low German (spoken in Groningen, Drenthe and Overijssel), Zuid-Gelders(spoken in the North Rhine-Westphalia), Brabantian and Linburgish. In Belgium,\n\nThere are several dialects of the Dutch language, especially considering how many countries speak Dutch. In the Netherlands, there are four dialects: Low German (spoken in Groningen, Drenthe and Overijssel), Zuid-Gelders(spoken in the North Rhine-Westphalia), Brabantian and Linburgish. In Belgium, Flemish is categorized by the French loanwords in the language. Some dialects in Belgium include West Flemish (spoken in Zeeland and around Dunkirk, located on the border), East Flemish, Brabantian and Linburgish.\n<h2>Sounds of Dutch</h2>\nThere are 16 vowel phonemes in the Dutch language, with 5 being short and 7 long. There are 3 diphthongs as well. There are several consonants as well, such as bilabial, labio-dental, alveolar, post-alveolar, palatal, velar, uvular and glottal vowels with fricative, nasal, lateral and trill stops. The stress on Dutch words is usually on the first syllable.\n\nGrammar in the Dutch language is far simpler than that of German and follows that of English grammar, as it has no noun or adjective declensions but still possesses pronominal inflections. There are two genders in Dutch words (common and neuter), two numbers (singular and plural), two definite articles and one indefinite article. In Dutch, verbs follow a very simple outline in that there are only two simple tenses (present and past). Verbs are conjugated in the future using an auxiliary verb (ex: I <em>will</em> go to work). There are three moods (indicative, imperative and conditional) and three voices (active, middle and passive). The word order in Dutch follows the Subject-Verb-Object framework and the vocabulary in Dutch is of Germanic origin.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Dutch</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>More than 25% of the Netherlands is below sea level</li>\n 	<li>Almost a third of Dutch mothers deliver their babies at home</li>\n 	<li>Dutch people are some of the tallest in the world</li>\n 	<li>Most of the country is flat, with the highest point being only about 9,000 feet high, causing the country to have the nickname, The Pancake</li>\n 	<li>Over 85% of the Dutch speak English as a second language</li>\n 	<li>The Netherlands is the largest exporter of beer in the world</li>\n</ul>','Dutch Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Dutch language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Dutch translator interpreter'),(6104,6104,1,'Estonian Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','6f141272-8e81-4d4b-b9f7-a57597b69d22','<h2>Estonian interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Estonian interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Estonian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Estonian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Estonian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Estonian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Estonian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Estonian Language</h2>\nThe Estonian language, known as Eesti, is a Finno-Ugric language from the Uralic family of languages. It is spoken in Estonia. There are two major dialects of Estonian. They are the northern (Tallinn) dialect and the southern dialect. The first recorded materials written in the Estonian language were the Kullamaa prayers from the 1520s. Estonian is from the Baltic-Finnic branch of Finno-Urgic languages and is quite close to Finnish, Votic, Livonian, Ingrian, Karelian and Veps. Linguistically, the structure of Estonian has a contrast of three degrees of consonant and vowel lengths.\n\nHistorically speaking, Estonia had been under Danish, Swedish Teutonic and even Russian rule. In 1721, as it was part of the Russian Empire, Russian was the official language of the country. In 1990, Estonian became the national language of the country.\n\nCurrently, Estonian is spoken by approximately 1 million people in Estonia, as it is the official language of the country. About another 100,000 people speak Estonian in Australia, Canada, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Sweden, the UK and the US. When the USSR was terminated, Estonia became it’s own country. Estonian is used in schools and for government business. However, Russian is the second language of the country. There are two major dialects of Estonian: northern Estonian (Tallinn) and southern Estonian (Tartu), named after cities in Estonia.\n\nThe Estonian language has many vowels (9) and few consonants. The 9 vowel phonemes can be in simple, long or overly long lengths. Additionally, there are 19 diphthongs. The consonants can be bilabial, labio-dental, alveolar, post-alveolar, palatal, velar and glottal. They are further categorized by stops, fricatives, nasals, lateral, trill and semivowels. The stress on words in Estonian is usually on the first syllable of the word.\n\nGrammar in Estonian is similar to that of other Uralic languages. It has characteristics of agglutinative and fusional languages, where grammar suffixes are added to stem and multiple grammar functions can be represented by one suffix only. Nouns in Estonian can be marked for gender and numbers (singular and plural). There are no particles, 14 cases (nominative and genitive with general locative cases as well). Verbs have two tenses (present and past) and have three moods (indicative, conditional and subjunctive). Estonian follows the word order of Subject-Verb-Object and topics come first in Estonian sentences. The vocabulary of the language is similar to other languages of Uralic origin. There are many loan words from Finnish, French and English.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Estonia</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Estonia is about 50% forest</li>\n 	<li>Estonia is larger than Denmark and Holland, but only has a population of about 1.3 million people</li>\n 	<li>There are about 2000 islands as part of Estonia</li>\n 	<li>Estonia is known as “The Singing Nation”</li>\n 	<li>Almost all government documents can be done online, including voting</li>\n</ul>','Estonian Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Estonian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours.','Estonian translator interpreter'),(6105,6105,1,'Estonian Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','6f25e925-61c6-4bf3-a452-0fb8bcbe8baa','<h2>Estonian interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Estonian interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Estonian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Estonian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Estonian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Estonian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Estonian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Estonian Language</h2>\nThe Estonian language, known as Eesti, is a Finno-Ugric language from the Uralic family of languages. It is spoken in Estonia. There are two major dialects of Estonian. They are the northern (Tallinn) dialect and the southern dialect. The first recorded materials written in the Estonian language were the Kullamaa prayers from the 1520s. Estonian is from the Baltic-Finnic branch of Finno-Urgic languages and is quite close to Finnish, Votic, Livonian, Ingrian, Karelian and Veps. Linguistically, the structure of Estonian has a contrast of three degrees of consonant and vowel lengths.\n\nHistorically speaking, Estonia had been under Danish, Swedish Teutonic and even Russian rule. In 1721, as it was part of the Russian Empire, Russian was the official language of the country. In 1990, Estonian became the national language of the country.\n\nCurrently, Estonian is spoken by approximately 1 million people in Estonia, as it is the official language of the country. About another 100,000 people speak Estonian in Australia, Canada, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Sweden, the UK and the US. When the USSR was terminated, Estonia became it’s own country. Estonian is used in schools and for government business. However, Russian is the second language of the country. There are two major dialects of Estonian: northern Estonian (Tallinn) and southern Estonian (Tartu), named after cities in Estonia.\n\nThe Estonian language has many vowels (9) and few consonants. The 9 vowel phonemes can be in simple, long or overly long lengths. Additionally, there are 19 diphthongs. The consonants can be bilabial, labio-dental, alveolar, post-alveolar, palatal, velar and glottal. They are further categorized by stops, fricatives, nasals, lateral, trill and semivowels. The stress on words in Estonian is usually on the first syllable of the word.\n\nGrammar in Estonian is similar to that of other Uralic languages. It has characteristics of agglutinative and fusional languages, where grammar suffixes are added to stem and multiple grammar functions can be represented by one suffix only. Nouns in Estonian can be marked for gender and numbers (singular and plural). There are no particles, 14 cases (nominative and genitive with general locative cases as well). Verbs have two tenses (present and past) and have three moods (indicative, conditional and subjunctive). Estonian follows the word order of Subject-Verb-Object and topics come first in Estonian sentences. The vocabulary of the language is similar to other languages of Uralic origin. There are many loan words from Finnish, French and English.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Estonia</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Estonia is about 50% forest</li>\n 	<li>Estonia is larger than Denmark and Holland, but only has a population of about 1.3 million people</li>\n 	<li>There are about 2000 islands as part of Estonia</li>\n 	<li>Estonia is known as “The Singing Nation”</li>\n 	<li>Almost all government documents can be done online, including voting</li>\n</ul>','Estonian Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Estonian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours.','Estonian translator interpreter'),(6106,6106,1,'Farsi Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','9586be2d-7e1c-472b-bc6f-01f99e75bcee','<h2>Farsi interpreters and translators</h2>		\n		<p>Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Farsi interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more. </p><p>Although based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Farsi language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, have been field-tested, and have kept up to date with developments in both English and the Farsi language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. </p><p>CIT\'s Farsi language interpreters and translators possess in-depth knowledge of the Farsi language, as well as of the culture and history of the Farsi people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.</p>		\n			<h3>Farsi vs Persian vs Parsi</h3>		\n		<p>Farsi is a language of many names. Farsi, or Parsi, is how the language is referred to by native Farsi speakers, while Persian relates to both the language and culture. All three terms can be used interchangeably to refer to the same language.</p>		\n			<h2>Persian Translation</h2>		\n		<p>Our Persian translation service provides English to Persian translation as well as Persian to English translations. Our English To Persian translation service can translate any English documents or text into Farsi. We have translators and interpreters that are experts in both English and Farsi that can provide certified high quality translations.</p>		\n			<h3>Persian translation Tool - Persian Translation Online</h3>		\n		<p>There are many translation software programs that use deep learning and artificial intelligence or machine language technology to automatically translate words and phrases for you. Using a translation tool like this is extremely useful when you are curious, but very dangerous when used in an official capacity. If you need Persian text translation for a single sentence or a few phrases or words then a translation tool is best. They do have a good understanding of the Persian dictionary, but if you need high quality translations then you need an official translation service. Only certified English to Persian translators will be able to delivery the higher quality translations of translated text that are required for things like legal or medical translations.</p>		\n			<h2>The Farsi Language</h2>		\n		<p>The <a href=\"/pashto-dari-farsi-languages/\">Persian language</a>, which is also known as Farsi, is part of the Indo-European family of languages, particularly the Iranian branch. Many, including the Academy of Persian Language and Literature, actually prefer that the language be referred to as Persian instead of Farsi. This may be due to the fact that the country’s official name was Persia until 1935, even though the people of Persia had called their country “Iran” since the Sassanid Period, from 226-651 AD. However, the language is referred to as Farsi in English and other languages. </p><p>Farsi is spoken by about 110 million people worldwide, with most speakers living in Iran. It is the official language of Iran. Other countries where the Farsi language is spoken include Iraq, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Russia and Azerbaijan. Approximately 50 million of 110 million worldwide speakers speak Farsi as their second language. </p><p>Two varieties of Farsi, Dari and Tajik, are also the official languages of Afghanistan and Tajikistan. More modern Farsi is far from Middle and Old Persian, which were both former languages of the Persian region (Fars), located in southwestern Iran. Therefore, it is known as Farsi.  Farsi is written in Arabic letters and has many Arabic loanwords.</p><p>With ancient Mongolian and Turkish rulers, Persian was used as the language of government in Turkey, parts of Asia and India for many centuries and even in Kashmir until just after the 1900s.</p><p>Old Persian was spoken until about 3rd century BC and written in cuneiform. Middle Persian, which was spoken from 3<sup>rd</sup> BC to 9<sup>th</sup> century BC, is written in epigraphic texts and Aramaic script. During this time, there was literature written, which discussed the Zoroastrian and Manichaean religions. Middle Persian was officially known as Pahlavi and was the language of the Sasanian empire. In 642 AD, Arabic became the official language of government and religion and the Farsi language adapted the Arabic alphabet. </p><p>Tajik, a dialect of Farsi spoke in Tajikstan, was written using the Cyrillic alphabet ever since 1940. From 1928 to 1940, it was written in the Latin alphabet. Before then, it was written with the Perso-Arabic alphabet.</p><p>Farsi grammar today is different and far simpler than older Farsi forms of the language. Today, the language does not have many of the inflectional systems of the Old Farsi language. The only form of case inflection that Modern Farsi has are markers on nouns and pronouns that are direct objects. Verbs have personal endings, similarly found in other Indo-European languages. Prefixes and infixes are used to describe tense, mood, voice and the negative.</p><p>The Farsi language used the <em>abjad</em> writing system, which includes letters only as consonants. Vowels are represented with diacritics or a blend of consonant letters. The Farsi language is written horizontally from right to left and numbers are written from left to right.</p>		\n			<h4>To Our California Customers</h4>		\n		<p>While CIT offers our Farsi interpreting globally, we feature our services in the following cities through-out California:</p><p>Los Angeles</p><p>Sacramento</p><p>San Diego</p><p>San Francisco</p>','Farsi Translator | Translate English To Farsi | CIT','Professional Farsi language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Farsi Translator'),(6107,6107,1,'Farsi Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','064fa1c3-8473-4a98-8b94-981996537d53','<h2>Farsi interpreters and translators</h2>		\n		<p>Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Farsi interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more. </p><p>Although based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Farsi language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, have been field-tested, and have kept up to date with developments in both English and the Farsi language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. </p><p>CIT\'s Farsi language interpreters and translators possess in-depth knowledge of the Farsi language, as well as of the culture and history of the Farsi people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.</p>		\n			<h3>Farsi vs Persian vs Parsi</h3>		\n		<p>Farsi is a language of many names. Farsi, or Parsi, is how the language is referred to by native Farsi speakers, while Persian relates to both the language and culture. All three terms can be used interchangeably to refer to the same language.</p>		\n			<h2>Persian Translation</h2>		\n		<p>Our Persian translation service provides English to Persian translation as well as Persian to English translations. Our English To Persian translation service can translate any English documents or text into Farsi. We have translators and interpreters that are experts in both English and Farsi that can provide certified high quality translations.</p>		\n			<h3>Persian translation Tool - Persian Translation Online</h3>		\n		<p>There are many translation software programs that use deep learning and artificial intelligence or machine language technology to automatically translate words and phrases for you. Using a translation tool like this is extremely useful when you are curious, but very dangerous when used in an official capacity. If you need Persian text translation for a single sentence or a few phrases or words then a translation tool is best. They do have a good understanding of the Persian dictionary, but if you need high quality translations then you need an official translation service. Only certified English to Persian translators will be able to delivery the higher quality translations of translated text that are required for things like legal or medical translations.</p>		\n			<h2>The Farsi Language</h2>		\n		<p>The <a href=\"/pashto-dari-farsi-languages/\">Persian language</a>, which is also known as Farsi, is part of the Indo-European family of languages, particularly the Iranian branch. Many, including the Academy of Persian Language and Literature, actually prefer that the language be referred to as Persian instead of Farsi. This may be due to the fact that the country’s official name was Persia until 1935, even though the people of Persia had called their country “Iran” since the Sassanid Period, from 226-651 AD. However, the language is referred to as Farsi in English and other languages. </p><p>Farsi is spoken by about 110 million people worldwide, with most speakers living in Iran. It is the official language of Iran. Other countries where the Farsi language is spoken include Iraq, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Russia and Azerbaijan. Approximately 50 million of 110 million worldwide speakers speak Farsi as their second language. </p><p>Two varieties of Farsi, Dari and Tajik, are also the official languages of Afghanistan and Tajikistan. More modern Farsi is far from Middle and Old Persian, which were both former languages of the Persian region (Fars), located in southwestern Iran. Therefore, it is known as Farsi.  Farsi is written in Arabic letters and has many Arabic loanwords.</p><p>With ancient Mongolian and Turkish rulers, Persian was used as the language of government in Turkey, parts of Asia and India for many centuries and even in Kashmir until just after the 1900s.</p><p>Old Persian was spoken until about 3rd century BC and written in cuneiform. Middle Persian, which was spoken from 3<sup>rd</sup> BC to 9<sup>th</sup> century BC, is written in epigraphic texts and Aramaic script. During this time, there was literature written, which discussed the Zoroastrian and Manichaean religions. Middle Persian was officially known as Pahlavi and was the language of the Sasanian empire. In 642 AD, Arabic became the official language of government and religion and the Farsi language adapted the Arabic alphabet. </p><p>Tajik, a dialect of Farsi spoke in Tajikstan, was written using the Cyrillic alphabet ever since 1940. From 1928 to 1940, it was written in the Latin alphabet. Before then, it was written with the Perso-Arabic alphabet.</p><p>Farsi grammar today is different and far simpler than older Farsi forms of the language. Today, the language does not have many of the inflectional systems of the Old Farsi language. The only form of case inflection that Modern Farsi has are markers on nouns and pronouns that are direct objects. Verbs have personal endings, similarly found in other Indo-European languages. Prefixes and infixes are used to describe tense, mood, voice and the negative.</p><p>The Farsi language used the <em>abjad</em> writing system, which includes letters only as consonants. Vowels are represented with diacritics or a blend of consonant letters. The Farsi language is written horizontally from right to left and numbers are written from left to right.</p>		\n			<h4>To Our California Customers</h4>		\n		<p>While CIT offers our Farsi interpreting globally, we feature our services in the following cities through-out California:</p><p>Los Angeles</p><p>Sacramento</p><p>San Diego</p><p>San Francisco</p>','Farsi Translator | Translate English To Farsi | CIT','Professional Farsi language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Farsi Translator'),(6108,6108,1,'Flemish Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2d52b0e5-eb37-4a6b-98c3-85528338d98f','<h2>Flemish Translators &amp; Interpreters</h2>\nTurning to machine language tools means compromising the accuracy of your communications. Can you afford that? When it comes to important things like a diagnosis, business meeting, building planning committee, or almost anything else, leaving the smallest details out could greatly impact the ideas presented. Even in situations where you simply seek to market your business to a larger demographic, properly representing your brand could be a real challenge to an untrained linguist. Especially when it comes to Flemish, you’ll need an experienced translator or interpreter who understands the methods required to work accurately and quickly.\n\nIn situations where mistakes could jeopardize the future of your finances, health, freedoms or anything else, don’t compromise. At CIT, you’ll never need to do another assignment twice because of a poor linguist. On top of that, we offer our expertise at some of the most competitive rates. This way, we can serve a larger part of the global community.\n<h2>The Flemish Language</h2>\nFlemish came into being as a mix of the Celtic, Roman, and Franc languages. Through invasion and the repossession of land, the diverse mix of cultures and tongues created Flemish. Its speakers primarily live in Belgium, but a fairly large portion of France also speaks the languages. Parts of Germany, Luxembourg, Africa, and many other major countries have huge Flemish communities. Nowadays, its speakers fall into three major ethnic categories: Dutch, French-Flemish, and Belgian Flemish\n\nThe language then separates into various dialects like Vlaams, which formed as a result of geographical differences. The main variations occur in the use of sound and vowels. The closer areas are regional, the more likely that their dialects sound the same. While most countries firmly stand against the use of different variations of the language, and ethnic movement exists to encourage its rebirth.\n\nThroughout the many countries that speak the language, most of them discriminate against Flemish speakers, so Belgium truly represents a special country for them.\n<h2>Why Choose CIT for Your Flemish Language Needs?</h2>\nOur firm takes a very personalized approach to every single job. Between our use of linguists who we know and trust and the attention we give you, you won’t find a better firm. Our extremely competitive prices come with a price match guarantee. Also, you never need to pay additional fees for rush jobs. Whether you require a Flemish interpreter, translator, or any other kind of linguist, we are at your service. Contact us any time of the day or night at 888-737-9009 or <a href=\"mailto:info@calinterpreting.com\">info@calinterpreting.com</a>.','Flemish Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Flemish language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Flemish translator interpreter'),(6109,6109,1,'Flemish Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','39e61685-05c1-4bf2-83f0-2885347af714','<h2>Flemish Translators &amp; Interpreters</h2>\nTurning to machine language tools means compromising the accuracy of your communications. Can you afford that? When it comes to important things like a diagnosis, business meeting, building planning committee, or almost anything else, leaving the smallest details out could greatly impact the ideas presented. Even in situations where you simply seek to market your business to a larger demographic, properly representing your brand could be a real challenge to an untrained linguist. Especially when it comes to Flemish, you’ll need an experienced translator or interpreter who understands the methods required to work accurately and quickly.\n\nIn situations where mistakes could jeopardize the future of your finances, health, freedoms or anything else, don’t compromise. At CIT, you’ll never need to do another assignment twice because of a poor linguist. On top of that, we offer our expertise at some of the most competitive rates. This way, we can serve a larger part of the global community.\n<h2>The Flemish Language</h2>\nFlemish came into being as a mix of the Celtic, Roman, and Franc languages. Through invasion and the repossession of land, the diverse mix of cultures and tongues created Flemish. Its speakers primarily live in Belgium, but a fairly large portion of France also speaks the languages. Parts of Germany, Luxembourg, Africa, and many other major countries have huge Flemish communities. Nowadays, its speakers fall into three major ethnic categories: Dutch, French-Flemish, and Belgian Flemish\n\nThe language then separates into various dialects like Vlaams, which formed as a result of geographical differences. The main variations occur in the use of sound and vowels. The closer areas are regional, the more likely that their dialects sound the same. While most countries firmly stand against the use of different variations of the language, and ethnic movement exists to encourage its rebirth.\n\nThroughout the many countries that speak the language, most of them discriminate against Flemish speakers, so Belgium truly represents a special country for them.\n<h2>Why Choose CIT for Your Flemish Language Needs?</h2>\nOur firm takes a very personalized approach to every single job. Between our use of linguists who we know and trust and the attention we give you, you won’t find a better firm. Our extremely competitive prices come with a price match guarantee. Also, you never need to pay additional fees for rush jobs. Whether you require a Flemish interpreter, translator, or any other kind of linguist, we are at your service. Contact us any time of the day or night at 888-737-9009 or <a href=\"mailto:info@calinterpreting.com\">info@calinterpreting.com</a>.','Flemish Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Flemish language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Flemish translator interpreter'),(6110,6110,1,'Filipino Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','02513399-a35c-4cea-8436-e9f83d15e8f1','<h2>Filipino (Tagalog) interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Filipino (Tagalog) interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Filipino (Tagalog) language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Filipino (Tagalog) language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Filipino (Tagalog) language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Filipino (Tagalog) language, as well as of the culture and history of the Filipino (Tagalog) people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Filipino Translation</h2>\n<p>Our English to Filipino translation service uses expert certified translators and interpreters for legal translations, medical translations, or any official use where you need accurate translations. Filipino translation and Tagalog translation is a commonly requested service and we have lots of English to Filipino translation experts. They can translate spoken words, act as interpreters, perform Filipino translation online through submitted documents, and our interpreters can give live translation spoken aloud over the phone or in a public or official setting.</p>\n\n<h3>Tagalog Translation Online</h3>\n<p>Many people that are searching for English to Filipino translation actually need Tagalog text translation. Filipino derived from Tagalog as well as other borrowing from several other languages. Both languages are spoken in the Philippines and we are able to provide translated text for both English to Filipino as well as English to Tagalog.</p>\n\n<h2>Filipino translation tool</h2>\n<p>There are tons of instant online translation tools that use machine language technology to translate foreign languages for both personal and commercial use. These translation software programs generally have a good understanding of the Filipino alphabet and the Filipino dictionary and are able to translate words at an increasingly accurate level. These deep learning machine language technologies are constantly improving, but they are not able to perform higher quality translations that are needed for official use. A translation tool is not the same as a translation service. A translator tool is good at specific words and phrases, but lacks the ability to apply context and nuances of the languages. For English to Filipino text translation you need someone that is an expert in both English and in Filipino. For the highest quality English to Filipino translation you need an expert translation service not just translation software or an online Filipino translation tool.</p>\n\n<h2>The Filipino (Tagalog) Language</h2>\nFilipino, otherwise known as Tagalog, is the official language of the Philippines. It is estimated that 15 million people speak Filipino and is spoken in other countries besides the Philippines, such as Canada, the UK, the US and Hong Kong. Spanish was the official language of the Philippines until the early 1900s. Once the US occupied the Philippines, schools started using English and in 1935, the English language became an official language, along with Spanish. In the 1930s, the government decided it wanted an official language. It took an existing native language, Tagalog, and in 1973, Tagalog, along with English, became the official languages of the Philippines. In 1987, after leader Ferdinand Marcos’ regime fell, Filipino became the official language of the Philippines. Today, the Filipino language is almost all Tagalog, a language spoken largely in the Manila region of the Philippines. Almost 30% of Filipinos speak Tagalog as a first language, while the others speak it as a second language. The word “Filipino” reflects the history that is associated with the language.\n\nFilipino is used in education, but many consider English to be more important in schools. Most Filipinos can speak English. Cinema and broadcast media are in Filipino but most print media is done in English. Considering it’s Spanish influence, about 40% of the language is composed of Spanish loanwords or words with Spanish origin.\n\nThere are native languages in the Philippines. Each language has about 1 million native speakers. They are: Cebuano, Tagalog, Ilokano, Hiligaynon, Waray-Waray, Kapampangan, Bijol, Albay bikol, Pangasinan, Maranao, Maguindanao, Kinaray-a and Tausug. Within these languages are hundred of dialects.\n<h2>Classification of the Filipino Language</h2>\nFilipino is based on Tagalog and is classified as an Austronesian, or Malayo-Polynesian, language. Since this family of languages is one of the largest families of languages, it is divided into two groups: Central-Eastern and Western Filipino is in the Western family. The language is officially known as Filipino, even though many refer to it as Tagalog. Tagalog is the native language of the Tagalog people, who are native to the Philippines. Considering that Tagalog is not always spoken, it is more proper to refer to the language as Filipino.\n<h2>History and Development of Filipino</h2>\nThe first written sample of Tagalog can be found from 900 AD. In the Laguna Copperplate Inscription, parts of Tagalog, Sanskrit, Malay and Javanese were found. A Christian Doctrine is the first known book to be written in Tagalog. Two versions of this book were created, with one in the Latin alphabet and the other in Baybayin script. Baybayin is an ancient writing of Tagalog that existed before the Spanish arrived in the Philippines. As the Spanish occupied the Philippines, the written language progressed as Spanish missionaries and clergy members helped work on manuals and guides. This helped to bring the language to be more steady.\n<h2>Fun Facts about the Philippines</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>The Philippines are made up of over 700 islands</li>\n 	<li>Between 120 and 175 languages are spoken in the Philippines</li>\n 	<li>The Philippines got their name after King Philip II of Spain</li>\n 	<li>The Philippine eagle is the largest eagle and the official bird of the country</li>\n 	<li>The Philippines is the only nation in Asia that is majority Christian</li>\n 	<li>According to Filipino culture, it is considered rude to open a gift right after it is given</li>\n 	<li>The yo-yo originated from the Philippines</li>\n 	<li>The English word “boondocks” is based on a Filipino word meaning ‘mountain’</li>\n 	<li>Jellyfish Lake in the Philippines has over 13 million jellyfish and is over 12,000 years old.</li>\n 	<li>11% of the population work overseas.</li>\n</ul>','Filipino Translator | English To Filipino Translation | CIT','Professional Filipino language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Hire a Filipino translator today.','Filipino translator'),(6111,6111,1,'Filipino Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','ac7f6c7d-20bf-456c-859d-c03be91c4e99','<h2>Filipino (Tagalog) interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Filipino (Tagalog) interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Filipino (Tagalog) language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Filipino (Tagalog) language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Filipino (Tagalog) language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Filipino (Tagalog) language, as well as of the culture and history of the Filipino (Tagalog) people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Filipino Translation</h2>\n<p>Our English to Filipino translation service uses expert certified translators and interpreters for legal translations, medical translations, or any official use where you need accurate translations. Filipino translation and Tagalog translation is a commonly requested service and we have lots of English to Filipino translation experts. They can translate spoken words, act as interpreters, perform Filipino translation online through submitted documents, and our interpreters can give live translation spoken aloud over the phone or in a public or official setting.</p>\n\n<h3>Tagalog Translation Online</h3>\n<p>Many people that are searching for English to Filipino translation actually need Tagalog text translation. Filipino derived from Tagalog as well as other borrowing from several other languages. Both languages are spoken in the Philippines and we are able to provide translated text for both English to Filipino as well as English to Tagalog.</p>\n\n<h2>Filipino translation tool</h2>\n<p>There are tons of instant online translation tools that use machine language technology to translate foreign languages for both personal and commercial use. These translation software programs generally have a good understanding of the Filipino alphabet and the Filipino dictionary and are able to translate words at an increasingly accurate level. These deep learning machine language technologies are constantly improving, but they are not able to perform higher quality translations that are needed for official use. A translation tool is not the same as a translation service. A translator tool is good at specific words and phrases, but lacks the ability to apply context and nuances of the languages. For English to Filipino text translation you need someone that is an expert in both English and in Filipino. For the highest quality English to Filipino translation you need an expert translation service not just translation software or an online Filipino translation tool.</p>\n\n<h2>The Filipino (Tagalog) Language</h2>\nFilipino, otherwise known as Tagalog, is the official language of the Philippines. It is estimated that 15 million people speak Filipino and is spoken in other countries besides the Philippines, such as Canada, the UK, the US and Hong Kong. Spanish was the official language of the Philippines until the early 1900s. Once the US occupied the Philippines, schools started using English and in 1935, the English language became an official language, along with Spanish. In the 1930s, the government decided it wanted an official language. It took an existing native language, Tagalog, and in 1973, Tagalog, along with English, became the official languages of the Philippines. In 1987, after leader Ferdinand Marcos’ regime fell, Filipino became the official language of the Philippines. Today, the Filipino language is almost all Tagalog, a language spoken largely in the Manila region of the Philippines. Almost 30% of Filipinos speak Tagalog as a first language, while the others speak it as a second language. The word “Filipino” reflects the history that is associated with the language.\n\nFilipino is used in education, but many consider English to be more important in schools. Most Filipinos can speak English. Cinema and broadcast media are in Filipino but most print media is done in English. Considering it’s Spanish influence, about 40% of the language is composed of Spanish loanwords or words with Spanish origin.\n\nThere are native languages in the Philippines. Each language has about 1 million native speakers. They are: Cebuano, Tagalog, Ilokano, Hiligaynon, Waray-Waray, Kapampangan, Bijol, Albay bikol, Pangasinan, Maranao, Maguindanao, Kinaray-a and Tausug. Within these languages are hundred of dialects.\n<h2>Classification of the Filipino Language</h2>\nFilipino is based on Tagalog and is classified as an Austronesian, or Malayo-Polynesian, language. Since this family of languages is one of the largest families of languages, it is divided into two groups: Central-Eastern and Western Filipino is in the Western family. The language is officially known as Filipino, even though many refer to it as Tagalog. Tagalog is the native language of the Tagalog people, who are native to the Philippines. Considering that Tagalog is not always spoken, it is more proper to refer to the language as Filipino.\n<h2>History and Development of Filipino</h2>\nThe first written sample of Tagalog can be found from 900 AD. In the Laguna Copperplate Inscription, parts of Tagalog, Sanskrit, Malay and Javanese were found. A Christian Doctrine is the first known book to be written in Tagalog. Two versions of this book were created, with one in the Latin alphabet and the other in Baybayin script. Baybayin is an ancient writing of Tagalog that existed before the Spanish arrived in the Philippines. As the Spanish occupied the Philippines, the written language progressed as Spanish missionaries and clergy members helped work on manuals and guides. This helped to bring the language to be more steady.\n<h2>Fun Facts about the Philippines</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>The Philippines are made up of over 700 islands</li>\n 	<li>Between 120 and 175 languages are spoken in the Philippines</li>\n 	<li>The Philippines got their name after King Philip II of Spain</li>\n 	<li>The Philippine eagle is the largest eagle and the official bird of the country</li>\n 	<li>The Philippines is the only nation in Asia that is majority Christian</li>\n 	<li>According to Filipino culture, it is considered rude to open a gift right after it is given</li>\n 	<li>The yo-yo originated from the Philippines</li>\n 	<li>The English word “boondocks” is based on a Filipino word meaning ‘mountain’</li>\n 	<li>Jellyfish Lake in the Philippines has over 13 million jellyfish and is over 12,000 years old.</li>\n 	<li>11% of the population work overseas.</li>\n</ul>','Filipino Translator | English To Filipino Translation | CIT','Professional Filipino language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Hire a Filipino translator today.','Filipino translator');
INSERT INTO `content` VALUES (6112,6112,1,'Finnish Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','0009ad5d-3bf3-4bdf-9892-3b72204e984b','<h2>Finnish interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Finnish interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Finnish language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Finnish language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Finnish language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Finnish language, as well as of the culture and history of the Finnish people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Finnish Language</h2>\nThe Finnish language, also known as Suomi, is a member of the Finno-Urgic group of Uralic languages. It s spoken primarily in Finland and collectively, by approximately 5 million people. Outside of Finland, Finnish is spoken in Norward, Estonia, Canada and Russia. It is closely related to Estonian, Livonian, Votic, Karelian, Veps and Ingrian. Finnish has many loanwords from Indo-European languages, more specifically from Baltic languages, German and Russian. The Finnish language was written starting back in the 1500s, when a Lutheran bishop  of Turku named Michael Agricola had translated the New Testament to Finnish, published in 1548. However, this is not the oldest recorded text, which is believe to be a birch-bark letter from Novgorod written in Finnic in the mid 13<sup>th</sup> century.\n\nIn the early 1800s, Finland had no official status; rather, Swedish was the primarily language used in Finland for education, government and literature. In 1835, a publication of a national epic poem based on Finnish folk tales called <em>Kalevala</em> increased Finnish national pride. Consequently, the Finnish started making their own language to be used in government and education. In 1863, the language achieved official status and in 1919, both Finnish and Swedish became official languages of the country.\n\nIn 1809, Finland became independent. Prior to that, it was part of Sweden. Starting in 1883, civil servants in Finland had to use the Finnish language for documents.\n<h2>History of the Finnish Language</h2>\nResearchers believe that the Finnish language stems from an area close to the Volga river and the Ural mountains, which is known as Russia today. Proto-Uralic is the most ancient related language to Finnish. It is estimated that this language was spoken between 2000 and 7000 years ago. It was later split into Proto-Samoyedic, which is still spoken by about 25,000 people in Northern Russia. It dates back 4000 years.\n<h2>Grammar and Written Finnish</h2>\nThere are several letters in the Finnish alphabet that are only used in names and foreign loanwords, such as: B, C, F, G, Q, W, X, Z and Å. The stress in a word always falls on the first syllable. Vowels and consonants in Finnish can either be short or long. There are many types of vowels that fall into the category of either front, back or neutral vowels.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Finland</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>There are about 188,000 lakes in Finland</li>\n 	<li>Heavy Metal music is very popular</li>\n 	<li>Finland is ranked the happiest country in the world</li>\n 	<li>Unique Finnish sports include air guitar, mobile phone throwing, wife-carrying, mosquito hunting and swamp football</li>\n 	<li>Education is free throughout Finland, including higher education</li>\n 	<li>One can experience the Northern Lights, the Midnight Sun and Polar Night in Finland</li>\n 	<li>Angry Birds was created in Finland</li>\n 	<li>There are more saunas than cars in Finland</li>\n</ul>','Finnish Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Finnish language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Finnish translator interpreter'),(6113,6113,1,'Finnish Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2ec2db83-048c-451f-9bab-1fb4c61cdf4d','<h2>Finnish interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Finnish interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Finnish language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Finnish language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Finnish language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Finnish language, as well as of the culture and history of the Finnish people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Finnish Language</h2>\nThe Finnish language, also known as Suomi, is a member of the Finno-Urgic group of Uralic languages. It s spoken primarily in Finland and collectively, by approximately 5 million people. Outside of Finland, Finnish is spoken in Norward, Estonia, Canada and Russia. It is closely related to Estonian, Livonian, Votic, Karelian, Veps and Ingrian. Finnish has many loanwords from Indo-European languages, more specifically from Baltic languages, German and Russian. The Finnish language was written starting back in the 1500s, when a Lutheran bishop  of Turku named Michael Agricola had translated the New Testament to Finnish, published in 1548. However, this is not the oldest recorded text, which is believe to be a birch-bark letter from Novgorod written in Finnic in the mid 13<sup>th</sup> century.\n\nIn the early 1800s, Finland had no official status; rather, Swedish was the primarily language used in Finland for education, government and literature. In 1835, a publication of a national epic poem based on Finnish folk tales called <em>Kalevala</em> increased Finnish national pride. Consequently, the Finnish started making their own language to be used in government and education. In 1863, the language achieved official status and in 1919, both Finnish and Swedish became official languages of the country.\n\nIn 1809, Finland became independent. Prior to that, it was part of Sweden. Starting in 1883, civil servants in Finland had to use the Finnish language for documents.\n<h2>History of the Finnish Language</h2>\nResearchers believe that the Finnish language stems from an area close to the Volga river and the Ural mountains, which is known as Russia today. Proto-Uralic is the most ancient related language to Finnish. It is estimated that this language was spoken between 2000 and 7000 years ago. It was later split into Proto-Samoyedic, which is still spoken by about 25,000 people in Northern Russia. It dates back 4000 years.\n<h2>Grammar and Written Finnish</h2>\nThere are several letters in the Finnish alphabet that are only used in names and foreign loanwords, such as: B, C, F, G, Q, W, X, Z and Å. The stress in a word always falls on the first syllable. Vowels and consonants in Finnish can either be short or long. There are many types of vowels that fall into the category of either front, back or neutral vowels.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Finland</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>There are about 188,000 lakes in Finland</li>\n 	<li>Heavy Metal music is very popular</li>\n 	<li>Finland is ranked the happiest country in the world</li>\n 	<li>Unique Finnish sports include air guitar, mobile phone throwing, wife-carrying, mosquito hunting and swamp football</li>\n 	<li>Education is free throughout Finland, including higher education</li>\n 	<li>One can experience the Northern Lights, the Midnight Sun and Polar Night in Finland</li>\n 	<li>Angry Birds was created in Finland</li>\n 	<li>There are more saunas than cars in Finland</li>\n</ul>','Finnish Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Finnish language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Finnish translator interpreter'),(6114,6114,1,'French Creole','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','964e0225-d152-4f5e-bc37-0a20669e1127','<h2>Creole interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Creole interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Creole language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Creole language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Creole language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Creole language, as well as of the culture and history of the Creole people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Creole Languages</h2>\nThe word “creole” comes from the French applied to people who were living in the colonies, to differentiate between them and the European-born immigrants. There are several Creole languages and are based mainly on English, Portuguese, French and Spanish. Since there are several other creole languages, there are other languages based on Arabic, Hindi and Malay. The Creole languages are quite complex and have many grammatical rules.\n\nMore specifically, the French Creole language is spoken mainly in the Caribbean, the US and some islands in the Indian Ocean. Within the Caribbean, there are different types of Creole that are spoken. They are: Haitian, Guadeloupean, Louisiana, Guianese and Amapa Creole.\n\nHistorically speaking, Creole was often thought to be spoken by the lower class of European colonizers. Many believed their languages to be primitive and unsophisticated. However, there has been a big push for revival since the mid 1900s. More and more, the Creole languages are being used in education, government, business and media. There are even Creole languages that have become official languages for several countries. This includes Bislama (official languages of Vanuatu), Haitian Creole (Haiti), Tok Pisin (Papua New Guinea), Saotomense (Sao Tome Island), Kituba (Congo) and Sango (Central African Republic).\n<h2>Structure and Writing of Creole</h2>\nThe Creole languages have many differences in sound, grammar and vocabulary. In Creole languages, there are small sounds, no consonant clusters and no tones. Creole grammar is much simpler than the languages that it is based on. There are no differentiations between number, gender and case markings. However, the personal pronouns system is quite complicated. There is no copula or determiners. Vocabulary is rather restricted. Words in Creole can have various meanings from the languages they were borrowed. Wiring in Creole has been developed by missionaries who took orthographies of their own tradition to be implemented in Creole. The orthographic has several similarities to English, French, Spanish and Portuguese.\n<h2>Creole Culture</h2>\nThe term “Creole” also refers to New World products that came from Old World goods. It is often times applied to architecture, identity and food. It is usually referred to people born in Louisiana during French and Spanish occupations. When the Creoles settled, they tried their best to nourish the land and grow crops.\n\nThe Creoles have historically, and today as well, transcended all boundaries of race. Because of the many roots of their descendants, their heritage is mixed and may include African, French, Spanish and even Native American.\n\nShould one be more interested in Creole culture, visiting the Cane River Creole National Historical Park’s Oakland and Magnolia Plantations will help to further understand Creole culture and learn about their past and what they are still continuing to do for their nation.','French Creole Translation & Interpreting Services','Professional French Creole language interpreting services & certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','French Creole Translation interpreting'),(6115,6115,1,'French Creole','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','37e21f89-ce98-4d72-b22c-e03309699189','<h2>Creole interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Creole interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Creole language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Creole language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Creole language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Creole language, as well as of the culture and history of the Creole people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Creole Languages</h2>\nThe word “creole” comes from the French applied to people who were living in the colonies, to differentiate between them and the European-born immigrants. There are several Creole languages and are based mainly on English, Portuguese, French and Spanish. Since there are several other creole languages, there are other languages based on Arabic, Hindi and Malay. The Creole languages are quite complex and have many grammatical rules.\n\nMore specifically, the French Creole language is spoken mainly in the Caribbean, the US and some islands in the Indian Ocean. Within the Caribbean, there are different types of Creole that are spoken. They are: Haitian, Guadeloupean, Louisiana, Guianese and Amapa Creole.\n\nHistorically speaking, Creole was often thought to be spoken by the lower class of European colonizers. Many believed their languages to be primitive and unsophisticated. However, there has been a big push for revival since the mid 1900s. More and more, the Creole languages are being used in education, government, business and media. There are even Creole languages that have become official languages for several countries. This includes Bislama (official languages of Vanuatu), Haitian Creole (Haiti), Tok Pisin (Papua New Guinea), Saotomense (Sao Tome Island), Kituba (Congo) and Sango (Central African Republic).\n<h2>Structure and Writing of Creole</h2>\nThe Creole languages have many differences in sound, grammar and vocabulary. In Creole languages, there are small sounds, no consonant clusters and no tones. Creole grammar is much simpler than the languages that it is based on. There are no differentiations between number, gender and case markings. However, the personal pronouns system is quite complicated. There is no copula or determiners. Vocabulary is rather restricted. Words in Creole can have various meanings from the languages they were borrowed. Wiring in Creole has been developed by missionaries who took orthographies of their own tradition to be implemented in Creole. The orthographic has several similarities to English, French, Spanish and Portuguese.\n<h2>Creole Culture</h2>\nThe term “Creole” also refers to New World products that came from Old World goods. It is often times applied to architecture, identity and food. It is usually referred to people born in Louisiana during French and Spanish occupations. When the Creoles settled, they tried their best to nourish the land and grow crops.\n\nThe Creoles have historically, and today as well, transcended all boundaries of race. Because of the many roots of their descendants, their heritage is mixed and may include African, French, Spanish and even Native American.\n\nShould one be more interested in Creole culture, visiting the Cane River Creole National Historical Park’s Oakland and Magnolia Plantations will help to further understand Creole culture and learn about their past and what they are still continuing to do for their nation.','French Creole Translation & Interpreting Services','Professional French Creole language interpreting services & certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','French Creole Translation interpreting'),(6116,6116,1,'French Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','897ede4f-1300-4f2b-aa17-71897216ac1c','<strong></strong><a title=\"Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations Los Angeles\" href=\"http://calinterpreting.com/\">Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations</a> provides experienced translators and interpreters for the <a title=\"French Translation\" href=\"http://calinterpreting.com/french-translation/\">French language</a>. French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the provinces of Quebec and New Brunswick (Acadia region) in Canada,and in the U.S. states of Maine and Louisiana.','French Translator - French Interpreter - Language Translator Service','Cal Interpreting & Translations provides translators and interpreters for the French language. a Romance language spoken as a first language in France.','french translator interpreter'),(6117,6117,1,'French Translator & Interpreter','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','b1819fd3-6840-45ce-8f28-ff36e32611be','<strong></strong><a title=\"Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations Los Angeles\" href=\"http://calinterpreting.com/\">Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations</a> provides experienced translators and interpreters for the <a title=\"French Translation\" href=\"http://calinterpreting.com/french-translation/\">French language</a>. French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the provinces of Quebec and New Brunswick (Acadia region) in Canada,and in the U.S. states of Maine and Louisiana.','French Translator - French Interpreter - Language Translator Service','Cal Interpreting & Translations provides translators and interpreters for the French language. a Romance language spoken as a first language in France.','french translator interpreter'),(6118,6118,1,'Frisian Translators & Interpreters','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','631b755d-7bb7-40b4-b1f4-eba1edce7f9b','<h2>Frisian interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Frisian interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Frisian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Frisian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Frisian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Frisian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Frisian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Frisian Language</h2>\nThe Frisian language is a West Germanic language that is closely related to English. It was formerly spoken in North Holland but today, Modern Frisian is spoken only nin three areas, with each area having it’s own dialect. The dialects are: West Frisian (spoken in Friesland and islands of Schiermonnikoog and Tershelling), East Frisian (spoken in Saterland) and North Frisian (spoken along coast of Schleswig in Germany along with Sylt, Fohr, Amrum, Halligen Islands and Helgoland). Sater Frisian is also spokeb by about 2,000 people in the German state of Lower Saxony.\nTo date, the oldest record of Frisian is from the 1200s, written in Old Frisian. Old Frisian lasted until around the 1500s. It has several similar characteristics of English but is specifically different from other Germanic languages. English and Frisian have about an 80% similarity. Today, Eastern and Northern dialects of Frisian are being taken over by German.\n<h2>Frisian Dialects</h2>\nAs previosuly mentioned, there are three main dialects of Frisian. North Frisian is spoken in the rural district of North Frisia, known as Nordfriesland. Even without having official language status in Germany, North Frisian is used at local town meetings. Some villages have road signs in Frisian. The language is also taught as a second language to school children for a few hours a week. Additionally, adults may take Frisian language courses.\n\nThere are some Frisian broadcasts on local radio along with some articles in local German newspapers, some Frisian literature, acting and songs. The North Frisian dialect is also known as Noodfreesk, Nordfrasch, Nordfrisk, Nuurdfresk and Nuurdfriisk. Even within the Northern dialect, there are different pronunciations between the Sylt, Mooring and Fohringer dialects.\n\nThe next dialect, Sater Frisian, is spoken primarily in three villages in the Northwest corner of Lower Saxon County of Cloppenburg. Those three villages are Ramsloh, Scharrel and Strucklinger. Sater Frisian is taught only to small school children but is often seen in Cloppenburg newspapers. There are even some plays performed in Sater Frisian.\n\nThe last dialect, West Frisian, is spoken in the Dutch province of Fryslan (Friesland) along with some border villages on Groningen. There are TV shows, newspaper articles and radio broadcasts in West Frisian.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Frisian</h2>\n• A very popular sport in Friesland is fierljeppen, or ditch vaulting.\n• The mysterious woman, Mata Hari hails from a northern Dutch province\n• Friesland is known for its many water sports','Frisian Translators & Interpreters - Cal Interpreting & Translations','Professional Frisian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Frisian Translator & Interpreter'),(6119,6119,1,'Frisian Translators & Interpreters','2022-08-11 01:44:05','2022-08-11 01:44:05','6710079e-457c-431f-8aca-29acfa6c9d6f','<h2>Frisian interpreters and translators</h2>\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) offers Frisian interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Frisian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Frisian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Frisian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Frisian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Frisian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Frisian Language</h2>\nThe Frisian language is a West Germanic language that is closely related to English. It was formerly spoken in North Holland but today, Modern Frisian is spoken only nin three areas, with each area having it’s own dialect. The dialects are: West Frisian (spoken in Friesland and islands of Schiermonnikoog and Tershelling), East Frisian (spoken in Saterland) and North Frisian (spoken along coast of Schleswig in Germany along with Sylt, Fohr, Amrum, Halligen Islands and Helgoland). Sater Frisian is also spokeb by about 2,000 people in the German state of Lower Saxony.\nTo date, the oldest record of Frisian is from the 1200s, written in Old Frisian. Old Frisian lasted until around the 1500s. It has several similar characteristics of English but is specifically different from other Germanic languages. English and Frisian have about an 80% similarity. Today, Eastern and Northern dialects of Frisian are being taken over by German.\n<h2>Frisian Dialects</h2>\nAs previosuly mentioned, there are three main dialects of Frisian. North Frisian is spoken in the rural district of North Frisia, known as Nordfriesland. Even without having official language status in Germany, North Frisian is used at local town meetings. Some villages have road signs in Frisian. The language is also taught as a second language to school children for a few hours a week. Additionally, adults may take Frisian language courses.\n\nThere are some Frisian broadcasts on local radio along with some articles in local German newspapers, some Frisian literature, acting and songs. The North Frisian dialect is also known as Noodfreesk, Nordfrasch, Nordfrisk, Nuurdfresk and Nuurdfriisk. Even within the Northern dialect, there are different pronunciations between the Sylt, Mooring and Fohringer dialects.\n\nThe next dialect, Sater Frisian, is spoken primarily in three villages in the Northwest corner of Lower Saxon County of Cloppenburg. Those three villages are Ramsloh, Scharrel and Strucklinger. Sater Frisian is taught only to small school children but is often seen in Cloppenburg newspapers. There are even some plays performed in Sater Frisian.\n\nThe last dialect, West Frisian, is spoken in the Dutch province of Fryslan (Friesland) along with some border villages on Groningen. There are TV shows, newspaper articles and radio broadcasts in West Frisian.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Frisian</h2>\n• A very popular sport in Friesland is fierljeppen, or ditch vaulting.\n• The mysterious woman, Mata Hari hails from a northern Dutch province\n• Friesland is known for its many water sports','Frisian Translators & Interpreters - Cal Interpreting & Translations','Professional Frisian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Frisian Translator & Interpreter'),(6120,6120,1,'Galician Translation','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','368f9094-cade-457b-ba42-faddcee78e68','<h2>Galician Translation Services</h2>		\n		<p>CIT provides Galician translation services to individuals and organizations. If for example, you need an official document certified, CIT will translate it from any format to English. We make translation easy in three simple steps.</p>		\n							<h5>1</h5><h4>UPLOAD</h4>									\n					Send your file. Word, PDF, TXT, JPG, PNG, GIF				\n							<h5>2</h5><h4>QUOTE</h4>									\n					Receive a personal price quote. Fast!				\n							<h5>3</h5><h4>RECEIVE</h4>									\n					Fast, accurate translation.				\n			<h2>Galician | Galego | Old Portuguese Translation</h2>		\n		<p>Galician or Galician Portuguese is also known as Galego. It is sometimes referred to as Old Portuguese. Our team translates over 200 languages. Translating Galician to English for government immigration, or legal purposes is a common request at CIT. </p>		\n			<h2>Rush Translation of Galician to English</h2>		\n		<p>Yes. We do provide rush translation! CIT\'s Galician document translation is available no matter what part of California, the US, or the world you are located in.</p><p>If you are traveling from Galicia to the US and require travel document translation to English or simply require English travel information translated to Spanish Galician, call us today for a free quote. <a href=\"http://tel.888.737.9009\">888.737.9009</a>.</p>		\n			<h2>The Galician Language</h2>		\n		<p>The Galician language is one of the Romance languages. It is quite similar to Portuguese and was previously a Portuguese dialect. It is not highly influenced by Castilian Spanish. About 4 million people worldwide speak Galician as a primary language. Around 2.4 million of those speakers live in Galicia, which is in the northwest corner of Spain. Most of these speakers live in Galicia, Spain. About 90% of the population of Galicia speaks Galician.</p><p>In Castile, the original home of Castilian Spanish, Galician was a conventional language until around 1400, but during the 15th century, it was not as substantial. That is when Galician was replaced by Castilian as the official language of Galicia.</p>		\n															<img width=\"1200\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https://calinterpreting.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Infographic-Galician-language-aka-galego.jpg\" alt=\"Galician aka Galego Language Infographic\" />															\n		<p>Galician is also spoken in neighboring areas, such as Asturias, Castile and Leon. Currently, it is still debated as to whether Galician and Portuguese are two separate languages or are the same dialect. Some see Galician to be greatly influenced by Portuguese, others by Spanish.</p>		\n			<h2>Galego</h2>		\n		<p>Galician is natively known as Galego and is of the Indo-European, italic, Romance, Western, Ibero-Romance, West-Iberian and Galician-Portuguese languages. Historically speaking, it was first seen in text (a poem, specifically) in the 12th century, appearing in Latin script, essentially known as Galician-Portuguese, Old Portuguese or Old Galician. <br /><br />There were also many songs and poems along with religious texts that were written in the same language between the 1200s and 1400s.</p><p>During the 1800s, Galician became the standard language of literacy and culture in <a href=\"https://www.spain.info/en/region/galicia/\">Galicia</a>. Frei Martin Sarmiento is known for his efforts of reviving the language. The publication of a poem Cantares Gallegos by Rosalia de Castro was the beginning of the revival of Galician.</p>		\n			<h2>Galician Portuguese</h2>		\n		<p>In the early 1900s, the Brotherhoods of Language (Irmandades da Fala) sought to defend and promote Galician. Soon enough, there were several journals in Galician. In the 1930s, there was an attempt to make Galician the official language of Galicia but because of the Civil War, these attempts were interrupted.</p><p>Between 1939 and 1975, during Franco’s dictatorship, publications in the Galician language were prohibited. Around the 1950s, some publications were finally allowed but most still not.</p><p>In 1978, Galician was recognized as one of the five official languages of Spain, including Castilian Spanish, Catalan, Basque and Aranese. Today, over one thousand books are published in Galician and there are TV channels, radio stations and a Galician newspaper titled O Correo Galego.</p><p>The Galician alphabet of today was introduced in 1982 by the Royal Galician Academy and became the official writing in 1983.</p>		\n			<h2>Fun Facts About Galicia</h2>		\n		<p>• There are over 750 beaches in Galicia<br />• The body of St. James is thought to be buried in Galicia<br />• Galicia has the best fishing industry in Spain<br />• There are over 4,000 fiestas in Galicia each year</p>','Galician Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translation','Professional Galacian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Galician Translation'),(6121,6121,1,'Galician Translation','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','51af04d1-c403-4539-90bc-318dcd3cf2ad','<h2>Galician Translation Services</h2>		\n		<p>CIT provides Galician translation services to individuals and organizations. If for example, you need an official document certified, CIT will translate it from any format to English. We make translation easy in three simple steps.</p>		\n							<h5>1</h5><h4>UPLOAD</h4>									\n					Send your file. Word, PDF, TXT, JPG, PNG, GIF				\n							<h5>2</h5><h4>QUOTE</h4>									\n					Receive a personal price quote. Fast!				\n							<h5>3</h5><h4>RECEIVE</h4>									\n					Fast, accurate translation.				\n			<h2>Galician | Galego | Old Portuguese Translation</h2>		\n		<p>Galician or Galician Portuguese is also known as Galego. It is sometimes referred to as Old Portuguese. Our team translates over 200 languages. Translating Galician to English for government immigration, or legal purposes is a common request at CIT. </p>		\n			<h2>Rush Translation of Galician to English</h2>		\n		<p>Yes. We do provide rush translation! CIT\'s Galician document translation is available no matter what part of California, the US, or the world you are located in.</p><p>If you are traveling from Galicia to the US and require travel document translation to English or simply require English travel information translated to Spanish Galician, call us today for a free quote. <a href=\"http://tel.888.737.9009\">888.737.9009</a>.</p>		\n			<h2>The Galician Language</h2>		\n		<p>The Galician language is one of the Romance languages. It is quite similar to Portuguese and was previously a Portuguese dialect. It is not highly influenced by Castilian Spanish. About 4 million people worldwide speak Galician as a primary language. Around 2.4 million of those speakers live in Galicia, which is in the northwest corner of Spain. Most of these speakers live in Galicia, Spain. About 90% of the population of Galicia speaks Galician.</p><p>In Castile, the original home of Castilian Spanish, Galician was a conventional language until around 1400, but during the 15th century, it was not as substantial. That is when Galician was replaced by Castilian as the official language of Galicia.</p>		\n															<img width=\"1200\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https://calinterpreting.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Infographic-Galician-language-aka-galego.jpg\" alt=\"Galician aka Galego Language Infographic\" />															\n		<p>Galician is also spoken in neighboring areas, such as Asturias, Castile and Leon. Currently, it is still debated as to whether Galician and Portuguese are two separate languages or are the same dialect. Some see Galician to be greatly influenced by Portuguese, others by Spanish.</p>		\n			<h2>Galego</h2>		\n		<p>Galician is natively known as Galego and is of the Indo-European, italic, Romance, Western, Ibero-Romance, West-Iberian and Galician-Portuguese languages. Historically speaking, it was first seen in text (a poem, specifically) in the 12th century, appearing in Latin script, essentially known as Galician-Portuguese, Old Portuguese or Old Galician. <br /><br />There were also many songs and poems along with religious texts that were written in the same language between the 1200s and 1400s.</p><p>During the 1800s, Galician became the standard language of literacy and culture in <a href=\"https://www.spain.info/en/region/galicia/\">Galicia</a>. Frei Martin Sarmiento is known for his efforts of reviving the language. The publication of a poem Cantares Gallegos by Rosalia de Castro was the beginning of the revival of Galician.</p>		\n			<h2>Galician Portuguese</h2>		\n		<p>In the early 1900s, the Brotherhoods of Language (Irmandades da Fala) sought to defend and promote Galician. Soon enough, there were several journals in Galician. In the 1930s, there was an attempt to make Galician the official language of Galicia but because of the Civil War, these attempts were interrupted.</p><p>Between 1939 and 1975, during Franco’s dictatorship, publications in the Galician language were prohibited. Around the 1950s, some publications were finally allowed but most still not.</p><p>In 1978, Galician was recognized as one of the five official languages of Spain, including Castilian Spanish, Catalan, Basque and Aranese. Today, over one thousand books are published in Galician and there are TV channels, radio stations and a Galician newspaper titled O Correo Galego.</p><p>The Galician alphabet of today was introduced in 1982 by the Royal Galician Academy and became the official writing in 1983.</p>		\n			<h2>Fun Facts About Galicia</h2>		\n		<p>• There are over 750 beaches in Galicia<br />• The body of St. James is thought to be buried in Galicia<br />• Galicia has the best fishing industry in Spain<br />• There are over 4,000 fiestas in Galicia each year</p>','Galician Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translation','Professional Galacian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Galician Translation'),(6122,6122,1,'Gayo Translation','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','36af40a7-15d2-4825-8487-e34a332b104c','<h2>Gayo Translation</h2>\nCIT is a <a href=\"https://dbpedia.org/page/Gayo_language\">Gayo</a> translation service provider to multinational individuals and organizations. We will translate your Gayo document from any format to English. We make translation easy in three simple steps. First. When you submit a request, attach your document. Second. We send a price quote back to you. Third. We send you the translated Gayo document back in English.\n<h2>Gayo Language</h2>\nThe <a href=\"https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/146732/1/PL-567.pdf\">Gayo language</a>, which is an Austronesian language, is spoken by a small number of 300,000 people, typically around the mountain region of Aceh. It is spoken in the Sumatra and Indonesian regions.\n\nIt is considered to be a Western Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian languages. However, it is not closely related to other languages within this family.\n\nWithin Gayo, there are multiple dialects such as Deret, Lues, Lut and Serbejadi-Lukupas. The first Gayo-Dutch dictionary was written in 1907 by G.A.J. Hazeu, who wrote it for the colonial authorities of the Dutch East Indies.\n\nThe language itself is written in a Latin script. The Gayo people are very close to the Muslim Aceh people.\n\n<img src=\"https://calinterpreting.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Infographic-Gayo-language-aka-gajo.jpg\" alt=\"Infographic of Gayo Language\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1080\" />\n<h2>Gayo Culture</h2>\nThe Gayo people’s main source of income is coffee. Typically, the Gayo people are very poor and uneducated. One of the biggest challenges they face is suicide, often due to hopelessness.\n\nThe Gayo people tend to be Muslims but do not often understand the main principles of the religion. The Gayo people believe in spirits, both good and bad. They offer sacrifices to spirits, to holy men and to their ancestors.\n\nThe Gayo was originally part of the Batak Karo people who lived in North Sumatra but broke away from them because they were Christian while the Gayo was Muslim.','Gayo Translation','Professional Gayo language translation in 3 easy steps. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Gayo Translation'),(6123,6123,1,'Gayo Translation','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','55139550-9e09-4e09-adf8-f4ce7d3a269d','<h2>Gayo Translation</h2>\nCIT is a <a href=\"https://dbpedia.org/page/Gayo_language\">Gayo</a> translation service provider to multinational individuals and organizations. We will translate your Gayo document from any format to English. We make translation easy in three simple steps. First. When you submit a request, attach your document. Second. We send a price quote back to you. Third. We send you the translated Gayo document back in English.\n<h2>Gayo Language</h2>\nThe <a href=\"https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/146732/1/PL-567.pdf\">Gayo language</a>, which is an Austronesian language, is spoken by a small number of 300,000 people, typically around the mountain region of Aceh. It is spoken in the Sumatra and Indonesian regions.\n\nIt is considered to be a Western Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian languages. However, it is not closely related to other languages within this family.\n\nWithin Gayo, there are multiple dialects such as Deret, Lues, Lut and Serbejadi-Lukupas. The first Gayo-Dutch dictionary was written in 1907 by G.A.J. Hazeu, who wrote it for the colonial authorities of the Dutch East Indies.\n\nThe language itself is written in a Latin script. The Gayo people are very close to the Muslim Aceh people.\n\n<img src=\"https://calinterpreting.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Infographic-Gayo-language-aka-gajo.jpg\" alt=\"Infographic of Gayo Language\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1080\" />\n<h2>Gayo Culture</h2>\nThe Gayo people’s main source of income is coffee. Typically, the Gayo people are very poor and uneducated. One of the biggest challenges they face is suicide, often due to hopelessness.\n\nThe Gayo people tend to be Muslims but do not often understand the main principles of the religion. The Gayo people believe in spirits, both good and bad. They offer sacrifices to spirits, to holy men and to their ancestors.\n\nThe Gayo was originally part of the Batak Karo people who lived in North Sumatra but broke away from them because they were Christian while the Gayo was Muslim.','Gayo Translation','Professional Gayo language translation in 3 easy steps. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Gayo Translation'),(6124,6124,1,'Georgian Translation','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','dfd2d478-3cbb-43ed-87de-b4f731a443f7','<h2>Georgian Translation Services</h2>\nLooking for Georgian translation services to translate documents into English? CIT provides Georgian translation services for legal, medical, and various specialties, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration, and more.\n<h2>CIT\'s Georgian Translation Services</h2>\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Georgian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide.\n\nOur interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Georgian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel.\n\nCIT’s Georgian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Georgian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Georgian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n\n<img src=\"https://calinterpreting.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/us-translation-into-english-by-cal-interpreting-and-translations-services.jpg\" alt=\"The best translation service for meeting government bid requirements\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1080\" />\n<h2>The Georgian Language</h2>\nThe Georgian language is spoken by approximately 4.1 million people, mainly in Georgia. Other nations that speak Georgian include Russia, Ukraine, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Iran. It is one of the oldest languages spoken.\n\nThe Georgian language is closely related to Minrelian, Laz, and Svan languages. They are spoken primarily in Georgia and are written in the same Georgian alphabet.\n\nThe Georgian language has roots in the Caucasian family of languages. These languages are generally from the Caucasus mountain range. The main languages from this area are the Nakho-Dagestanian, Abkhazo-Adyghian, and Kartevelian, which is where the Georgian language is.\n\nThe first record of Georgian as a written language was in 430 AD in a church in Palestine, written in Asomtavruli. Prior to this discovery, the main language in Georgia was a certain form of Aramaic known as Armazuli.\n\nThere are two other alphabets, Nushkhuri and Mkhedruli, that have been used to write in Georgian. Old Georgian, the same language used to write the Biblical transcription of 430, was used to translate many religious texts.\n\nNew Georgian, or what is spoken today, is based on the Eastern Georgian dialect. It originates from the Georgian language used in secular literature beginning in the 1100s and became a recognized language in the 1800s.\n\nThe Georgian language has 18 dialects and has 28 consonants and 5 vowels as opposed to Old Georgian which had 30 consonants and 5 vowels. The language itself is very similar to that of other Indo-European languages.\n\nIn the Georgian language, the nouns have seven cases and the adjective is usually before the noun. The adjective agrees with the noun in case but not necessarily in number.\n\nIn the past, the Georgian language had been written in three types of script. The first, Asomtavruli, became Khutsuri. It had 38 letters, 6 of which were vowels. Today, these scripts are not used.\n\nThe next is the Mkhedruli, which is the common alphabet. It was 40 letters, 7 of which are not used and 6 are vowels. In Georgian, the text is written from left to right. It is assumed that the Old Georgian script came from the Greek alphabet.\n\nDue to the order of the alphabet and the shape of many letters, it can be assumed that the Georgian text came from the Greek alphabet. Georgian script is mainly round and cursive letters\n<h2>Interesting Facts about Georgia</h2>\nGeorgia is one of the oldest wine-producing places in the world.\n\nThe world’s deepest cave is in Georgia (Krubera Cave).\n\nGeorgia is one of the most popular destinations for skiing and snowboarding in the world.\n\nGeorgia has one of the oldest Jewish communities in the world','Georgian Translation','Professional Georgian language interpreting or translation. No minimum doc sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Georgian Translation'),(6125,6125,1,'Georgian Translation','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','d5a62b8f-1e4f-4958-a8dc-2ac1f7f426cb','<h2>Georgian Translation Services</h2>\nLooking for Georgian translation services to translate documents into English? CIT provides Georgian translation services for legal, medical, and various specialties, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration, and more.\n<h2>CIT\'s Georgian Translation Services</h2>\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Georgian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide.\n\nOur interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Georgian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel.\n\nCIT’s Georgian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Georgian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Georgian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n\n<img src=\"https://calinterpreting.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/us-translation-into-english-by-cal-interpreting-and-translations-services.jpg\" alt=\"The best translation service for meeting government bid requirements\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1080\" />\n<h2>The Georgian Language</h2>\nThe Georgian language is spoken by approximately 4.1 million people, mainly in Georgia. Other nations that speak Georgian include Russia, Ukraine, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Iran. It is one of the oldest languages spoken.\n\nThe Georgian language is closely related to Minrelian, Laz, and Svan languages. They are spoken primarily in Georgia and are written in the same Georgian alphabet.\n\nThe Georgian language has roots in the Caucasian family of languages. These languages are generally from the Caucasus mountain range. The main languages from this area are the Nakho-Dagestanian, Abkhazo-Adyghian, and Kartevelian, which is where the Georgian language is.\n\nThe first record of Georgian as a written language was in 430 AD in a church in Palestine, written in Asomtavruli. Prior to this discovery, the main language in Georgia was a certain form of Aramaic known as Armazuli.\n\nThere are two other alphabets, Nushkhuri and Mkhedruli, that have been used to write in Georgian. Old Georgian, the same language used to write the Biblical transcription of 430, was used to translate many religious texts.\n\nNew Georgian, or what is spoken today, is based on the Eastern Georgian dialect. It originates from the Georgian language used in secular literature beginning in the 1100s and became a recognized language in the 1800s.\n\nThe Georgian language has 18 dialects and has 28 consonants and 5 vowels as opposed to Old Georgian which had 30 consonants and 5 vowels. The language itself is very similar to that of other Indo-European languages.\n\nIn the Georgian language, the nouns have seven cases and the adjective is usually before the noun. The adjective agrees with the noun in case but not necessarily in number.\n\nIn the past, the Georgian language had been written in three types of script. The first, Asomtavruli, became Khutsuri. It had 38 letters, 6 of which were vowels. Today, these scripts are not used.\n\nThe next is the Mkhedruli, which is the common alphabet. It was 40 letters, 7 of which are not used and 6 are vowels. In Georgian, the text is written from left to right. It is assumed that the Old Georgian script came from the Greek alphabet.\n\nDue to the order of the alphabet and the shape of many letters, it can be assumed that the Georgian text came from the Greek alphabet. Georgian script is mainly round and cursive letters\n<h2>Interesting Facts about Georgia</h2>\nGeorgia is one of the oldest wine-producing places in the world.\n\nThe world’s deepest cave is in Georgia (Krubera Cave).\n\nGeorgia is one of the most popular destinations for skiing and snowboarding in the world.\n\nGeorgia has one of the oldest Jewish communities in the world','Georgian Translation','Professional Georgian language interpreting or translation. No minimum doc sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Georgian Translation'),(6126,6126,1,'German Translation','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','e34db5ae-5cca-444e-ab6e-76379f0d6705','<h2>German Translation Service</h2>		\n		<p>CIT provides German translation services to multi-nationals and organizations. If your document needs an certification from the German language, CIT makes it easy. If for example, you need an official document certified CIT will translate it from any format into English with three simple steps! </p>		\n			<h2>German Translation Anywhere In The World</h2>		\n		<p>Although based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive German translation  to English no matter where you are located around the globe. CIT provides interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. </p>		\n			<h2>Accredited German Translators</h2>		\n		<p>Our interpreters and translators are native speakers. Our staff have been screened and certified with provided credentials. CIT members are field-tested. They are kept up to date with developments in both English and the German language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel.</p><p>You can be assured, CIT’s German-language interpreters and translators possess in-depth knowledge of the German language, as well as of the culture and history of the German people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.</p>		\n			<h2>German Language</h2>		\n		<p>The German language is the official language of Germany and Austria along with being an official language of Switzerland. It is spoken by about 90 million people worldwide. It belongs to the West Germanic group of languages within the Indo-European languages (same as English, Frisian and Dutch).</p><p>The first recorded event of the German language stems from the 1st century BC, having had contact with the Romans. For many years after, there was only one Germanic language and within that language, very few dialects. It was only until the 500s AD that the German language, also known as High German, was officially known as German.</p>		\n			<h2>German Grammar &amp; Syntax</h2>		\n		<p>In German, there are four cases for nouns, pronouns and adjectives (nominative, accusative, genitive and dative) along with three genders (masculine, feminine and neutral) and two sorts of verbs (strong and weak). Across all dialects of German, the language is written itself. However, it is not spoken similarly between dialects. High German and Low German are the two main dialect groups. High German (Hochdeutsch), which is the official language of the South Highlands in Germany, is the official written language.</p>		\n			<h2>German Dialects</h2>		\n		<p>There are two main sorts of dialects in German where most other dialects fall into. The first is High German (Hochdeutsch) and the second is Low German (Plattsdeutsch or Niederdeutsch). </p>		\n			<h2>High German</h2>		\n		<p>High German was spoken until the 12th century in the Highlands of South Germany. During the Middle High German times, which were after the 12th century, different dialects of German known as Alemannic and Bavarian started to gain popularity.</p><p>The High German of today comes primarily from Middle High German dialects that were spoken in the Southern and central Highlands of Germany along within Austria and Switzerland.</p><p>High German is used in all official businesses, such as government, administration, higher education, literature and media. Standard High German is very similar to the Middle German language dialect used most commonly by Martin Luther in the 1500s as he translated the Bible.</p>		\n			<h2>Middle German</h2>		\n		Middle High German was used heavily for literature, mainly in the 1200s with the writing of Nibelungenlied, which is considered a great piece of literature. 		\n			<h2>Upper German</h2>		\n		Upper German includes other dialects such as Austro-Bavarian, Alemannic (Swiss German) and High Franconian.		\n			<h2>Low German</h2>		\n		On the other hand, Low German is spoken in the Lowlands of Germany. It stems from Old Saxon and Middle Low Germany, spoken by people in the Hanseatic League. Many Scandinavian languages use loan words from Low German but as these languages declined, so did Low German. Low German dialects are still spoken privately in homes but nothing official is done in Low German.		\n			<h2>Alemannic German</h2>		\n		Another German dialect is Alemannic. It was developed in the southwest of Germany and has a different sound and grammar system from the standard German. Alemannic is spoken in Switzerland, Austria, Swabia and Liechtenstein along with the Alsace region of France. Another dialect of German is Yiddish, spoken by the Jews whose ancestors come from Germany.		\n			<h2>Some German Don\'t Translation</h2>		\n		<p>As with many languages, some native words in German have English meanings. Do you recognize the following German words?</p><p>Doppelgänger<br />Foosball<br />Kindergarten<br />Poltergeist<br />Wanderlust</p>		\n			<h2>Some German Words Can\'t Be Translated</h2>		\n		<p>CIT uses German words in context when they can\'t be translated. <a href=\"https://www.ef.edu/blog/language/17-german-words-with-no-english-translation/\">What are some German words that can\'t be translated</a>? </p><p>Backpfeifengesicht<br />Der Schilderwald<br />Der Warmduscher<br />Dreikäsehoch<br />Erbsenzähler<br />Erklärungsnot<br />Fernweh<br />Fremdscham<br />Frühjahrsmüdigkeit<br />Gemütlich<br />Handschuhschneeballwerfer<br />Honigkuchenpferd<br />Innerer Schweinehund<br />Kopfkino<br />Kummerspeck<br />Luftschloss<br />Ohrwurm<br />Packesel<br />Pantoffelheld<br />Rabenmutter<br />Schadenfreude<br />Schwarmerei<br />Sprachgefühl<br />Sturmfrei<br />Torschlusspanik<br />Treppenwitz<br />Vergangenheitsbewaeltigung<br />Verschlimmbessern<br />Weltschmerz<br />Zugzwang</p>		\n			<h2>CIT Translation Services</h2>		\n		<p>If you\'re looking for German translations that will be sure to impress your clients, then look no further than CIT. We offer professional translation services in all formats and with decades of experience — translating millions upon words worth! </p><p>Our translators are experts at adapting work according to client needs. We can also revise your documents if necessary before publishing or submitting as required (for instance through re-translation). You\'ll get top quality results when working together with us - guaranteed 100% satisfaction guaranteed!!</p>','German Translation','Professional German language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','German Translation'),(6127,6127,1,'German Translation','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','15525b21-9fd7-4f90-9ac0-d5841db038f6','<h2>German Translation Service</h2>		\n		<p>CIT provides German translation services to multi-nationals and organizations. If your document needs an certification from the German language, CIT makes it easy. If for example, you need an official document certified CIT will translate it from any format into English with three simple steps! </p>		\n			<h2>German Translation Anywhere In The World</h2>		\n		<p>Although based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive German translation  to English no matter where you are located around the globe. CIT provides interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. </p>		\n			<h2>Accredited German Translators</h2>		\n		<p>Our interpreters and translators are native speakers. Our staff have been screened and certified with provided credentials. CIT members are field-tested. They are kept up to date with developments in both English and the German language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel.</p><p>You can be assured, CIT’s German-language interpreters and translators possess in-depth knowledge of the German language, as well as of the culture and history of the German people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.</p>		\n			<h2>German Language</h2>		\n		<p>The German language is the official language of Germany and Austria along with being an official language of Switzerland. It is spoken by about 90 million people worldwide. It belongs to the West Germanic group of languages within the Indo-European languages (same as English, Frisian and Dutch).</p><p>The first recorded event of the German language stems from the 1st century BC, having had contact with the Romans. For many years after, there was only one Germanic language and within that language, very few dialects. It was only until the 500s AD that the German language, also known as High German, was officially known as German.</p>		\n			<h2>German Grammar &amp; Syntax</h2>		\n		<p>In German, there are four cases for nouns, pronouns and adjectives (nominative, accusative, genitive and dative) along with three genders (masculine, feminine and neutral) and two sorts of verbs (strong and weak). Across all dialects of German, the language is written itself. However, it is not spoken similarly between dialects. High German and Low German are the two main dialect groups. High German (Hochdeutsch), which is the official language of the South Highlands in Germany, is the official written language.</p>		\n			<h2>German Dialects</h2>		\n		<p>There are two main sorts of dialects in German where most other dialects fall into. The first is High German (Hochdeutsch) and the second is Low German (Plattsdeutsch or Niederdeutsch). </p>		\n			<h2>High German</h2>		\n		<p>High German was spoken until the 12th century in the Highlands of South Germany. During the Middle High German times, which were after the 12th century, different dialects of German known as Alemannic and Bavarian started to gain popularity.</p><p>The High German of today comes primarily from Middle High German dialects that were spoken in the Southern and central Highlands of Germany along within Austria and Switzerland.</p><p>High German is used in all official businesses, such as government, administration, higher education, literature and media. Standard High German is very similar to the Middle German language dialect used most commonly by Martin Luther in the 1500s as he translated the Bible.</p>		\n			<h2>Middle German</h2>		\n		Middle High German was used heavily for literature, mainly in the 1200s with the writing of Nibelungenlied, which is considered a great piece of literature. 		\n			<h2>Upper German</h2>		\n		Upper German includes other dialects such as Austro-Bavarian, Alemannic (Swiss German) and High Franconian.		\n			<h2>Low German</h2>		\n		On the other hand, Low German is spoken in the Lowlands of Germany. It stems from Old Saxon and Middle Low Germany, spoken by people in the Hanseatic League. Many Scandinavian languages use loan words from Low German but as these languages declined, so did Low German. Low German dialects are still spoken privately in homes but nothing official is done in Low German.		\n			<h2>Alemannic German</h2>		\n		Another German dialect is Alemannic. It was developed in the southwest of Germany and has a different sound and grammar system from the standard German. Alemannic is spoken in Switzerland, Austria, Swabia and Liechtenstein along with the Alsace region of France. Another dialect of German is Yiddish, spoken by the Jews whose ancestors come from Germany.		\n			<h2>Some German Don\'t Translation</h2>		\n		<p>As with many languages, some native words in German have English meanings. Do you recognize the following German words?</p><p>Doppelgänger<br />Foosball<br />Kindergarten<br />Poltergeist<br />Wanderlust</p>		\n			<h2>Some German Words Can\'t Be Translated</h2>		\n		<p>CIT uses German words in context when they can\'t be translated. <a href=\"https://www.ef.edu/blog/language/17-german-words-with-no-english-translation/\">What are some German words that can\'t be translated</a>? </p><p>Backpfeifengesicht<br />Der Schilderwald<br />Der Warmduscher<br />Dreikäsehoch<br />Erbsenzähler<br />Erklärungsnot<br />Fernweh<br />Fremdscham<br />Frühjahrsmüdigkeit<br />Gemütlich<br />Handschuhschneeballwerfer<br />Honigkuchenpferd<br />Innerer Schweinehund<br />Kopfkino<br />Kummerspeck<br />Luftschloss<br />Ohrwurm<br />Packesel<br />Pantoffelheld<br />Rabenmutter<br />Schadenfreude<br />Schwarmerei<br />Sprachgefühl<br />Sturmfrei<br />Torschlusspanik<br />Treppenwitz<br />Vergangenheitsbewaeltigung<br />Verschlimmbessern<br />Weltschmerz<br />Zugzwang</p>		\n			<h2>CIT Translation Services</h2>		\n		<p>If you\'re looking for German translations that will be sure to impress your clients, then look no further than CIT. We offer professional translation services in all formats and with decades of experience — translating millions upon words worth! </p><p>Our translators are experts at adapting work according to client needs. We can also revise your documents if necessary before publishing or submitting as required (for instance through re-translation). You\'ll get top quality results when working together with us - guaranteed 100% satisfaction guaranteed!!</p>','German Translation','Professional German language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','German Translation'),(6128,6128,1,'Greek Translation','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','bf0ac840-0575-4132-b048-cbf8d9c5b1be','<h2>Greek Translation Services</h2>		\n		<p>CIT offers Greek interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.</p><p>Although based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Greek language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field-tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Greek language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Greek language interpreters and translators possess in-depth knowledge of the German language, as well as of the culture and history of the Greek people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.</p><p><strong>The Greek Language</strong><br />The Greek Language, a popular Indo-European language, is spoken primarily in Greece. The Greek language and culture have a long and documented history of over 3400 years. Approximately 13 million people speak Greek, mainly in Greece and in Cyprus, being an official language in both countries. Greek is also spoken in other countries such as Armenia, Italy, Albania, Romania and Ukraine.</p><p>The first records of Greek were written in Mycenae in certain writing called Linear B. It was used between 1500 and 1200 years BC. It was known as Mycenaean. On the Island of Crete, which is the largest Greek Island, another script called Cypriot syllabary was used to write Greek between 1200 and 300 BC.</p><p>Ever since it was first used in 750 BC, the Greek alphabet has been pretty continuous in its use. It was first derived from the Canaanite and Phoenician alphabet. The order and names of the letters in the alphabet were from the Phoenician. There used to be known names for all the letters. For example, the Greek letter alpha used to be aleph in Canaanite, which means “ox,” beta was beth, meaning “house” and so on. These names and meanings had been lost when the alphabet was adapted for Greek. The language has multiple writing systems such as Linear B., Cypriot syllabary and Greek alphabet.</p><p>When the Greek alphabet was first used, there were several versions of the alphabet in different Greek cities. These alphabets were epichoric and were divided into three groups known as the green, blue and red groups. The blue group is what we know as the Modern Greek alphabet today. Today, the Greek alphabet is only used to write the Greek language. However, throughout history, it was used to write many other languages such as Arabic, Hebrew, Urum and Aromanian.</p><p>The Greek alphabet has many notable features. For example, it was the first alphabet to include vowels. It used to be written in many directions horizontally as well. However, since 500 BC, it began being written only from left to right.</p><p>Ever since the end of the 4th century BC, the Greek language became more and more unified (during the Hellenistic period). For the thousand years before this, there were many Greek dialects, having different phonetic and morphological details. Scholars have tried to mesh together some of the groups of dialects, such as Aeolic and Arcado-Cypriotic, considering them as “Central” Greek languages or Arcado-Cypriotic and Ionic-Attic as Southern. Collectively, there are two distinguished periods that differentiate between dialects. One if between the 14th and 12th centuries BCE and the other is between the 8th and 4th centuries BCE.<br />There are so many dialects in the Greek languages and many groups of dialects as well. These groups are the West Group, the Aeolic Group, the Arcado-Cypriotic Group and the Ionic Attic Group. The West Group is spoken in Northwest Greece (Aetolia, Locris, Locri Episephyrii, Phocis), Saronic Doric (territory of Corinth, Megarid, Eastern Argolid), Western Argolic, Southeast Aegean Doric (Melos, Thera, Cos, Rhodes, Cyrene, Gela and Acragas), Crete, Laconia (Tarentum, Heraclea), Messenia, Achaea (Ithaca and Sybaris) and Elis. The Aeolic group is spoken in Boeotia, Thessaly, Lesbos and Asiatic Aeolis. The Arcado-Cypriot Group is spoken in Arcadia, Cyprus and Pamphylia. Lastly, the Ionic-Attic Group is spoken in Attica, Euboea (Catana and Cumae), Northern Cyclades and Asiatic Ionia.<br />Linguistical Characteristics</p><p>The phonology of the Greek language has shifted between periods of Greek history. The Old Attic Greek language had 7 vowels. The consonantal structure had many stops. There are two liquid sounds and two nasal sounds.</p><p>If a Greek word has 3 or more syllables, it is marked by an accent on one of the vowels. There is a gender representation but only for nouns, adjectives and pronouns. There are three numbers (singular, dual and plural) that distinguish noun and verb. Verbs in Greek have four systems: present, aorist, perfect and future.</p><p>Many might consider that the Greek language is made up largely of loan words. Many of these words were taken from people who lived in Greece before the Proto-Greeks arrived and brought their language. Eventually, the Greek language became fully developed, with many nuances.<br />The popular Mycenaean script was no longer used in the 12th century when their palaces were destroyed due to the Dorian invasions. It appears that the Greeks were illiterate for a few centuries. In the 8th century, the Greeks used most of the Phoenician alphabet. Between the 8th and 5th centuries BCE, there were some differences in the letters between cities. The Greek language had gone through many changes and reforms. Around 400 BCE, the alphabet became more normalized.</p><p><strong>Fun Facts about Greece</strong><br />• The official name of Greece is the Hellenic Republic<br />• The Olympic games originated in Greece<br />• Greece has thousands of islands, including popular vacation destinations such as Santorini and Mykonos</p>','Greek Translation','Professional Greek language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009 #interpreting #translation #interpreters #translationservices #languageservices','Greek Translation'),(6129,6129,1,'Greek Translation','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','8fe87c5f-8974-48b5-a020-357ab78665ce','<h2>Greek Translation Services</h2>		\n		<p>CIT offers Greek interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.</p><p>Although based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Greek language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field-tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Greek language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Greek language interpreters and translators possess in-depth knowledge of the German language, as well as of the culture and history of the Greek people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.</p><p><strong>The Greek Language</strong><br />The Greek Language, a popular Indo-European language, is spoken primarily in Greece. The Greek language and culture have a long and documented history of over 3400 years. Approximately 13 million people speak Greek, mainly in Greece and in Cyprus, being an official language in both countries. Greek is also spoken in other countries such as Armenia, Italy, Albania, Romania and Ukraine.</p><p>The first records of Greek were written in Mycenae in certain writing called Linear B. It was used between 1500 and 1200 years BC. It was known as Mycenaean. On the Island of Crete, which is the largest Greek Island, another script called Cypriot syllabary was used to write Greek between 1200 and 300 BC.</p><p>Ever since it was first used in 750 BC, the Greek alphabet has been pretty continuous in its use. It was first derived from the Canaanite and Phoenician alphabet. The order and names of the letters in the alphabet were from the Phoenician. There used to be known names for all the letters. For example, the Greek letter alpha used to be aleph in Canaanite, which means “ox,” beta was beth, meaning “house” and so on. These names and meanings had been lost when the alphabet was adapted for Greek. The language has multiple writing systems such as Linear B., Cypriot syllabary and Greek alphabet.</p><p>When the Greek alphabet was first used, there were several versions of the alphabet in different Greek cities. These alphabets were epichoric and were divided into three groups known as the green, blue and red groups. The blue group is what we know as the Modern Greek alphabet today. Today, the Greek alphabet is only used to write the Greek language. However, throughout history, it was used to write many other languages such as Arabic, Hebrew, Urum and Aromanian.</p><p>The Greek alphabet has many notable features. For example, it was the first alphabet to include vowels. It used to be written in many directions horizontally as well. However, since 500 BC, it began being written only from left to right.</p><p>Ever since the end of the 4th century BC, the Greek language became more and more unified (during the Hellenistic period). For the thousand years before this, there were many Greek dialects, having different phonetic and morphological details. Scholars have tried to mesh together some of the groups of dialects, such as Aeolic and Arcado-Cypriotic, considering them as “Central” Greek languages or Arcado-Cypriotic and Ionic-Attic as Southern. Collectively, there are two distinguished periods that differentiate between dialects. One if between the 14th and 12th centuries BCE and the other is between the 8th and 4th centuries BCE.<br />There are so many dialects in the Greek languages and many groups of dialects as well. These groups are the West Group, the Aeolic Group, the Arcado-Cypriotic Group and the Ionic Attic Group. The West Group is spoken in Northwest Greece (Aetolia, Locris, Locri Episephyrii, Phocis), Saronic Doric (territory of Corinth, Megarid, Eastern Argolid), Western Argolic, Southeast Aegean Doric (Melos, Thera, Cos, Rhodes, Cyrene, Gela and Acragas), Crete, Laconia (Tarentum, Heraclea), Messenia, Achaea (Ithaca and Sybaris) and Elis. The Aeolic group is spoken in Boeotia, Thessaly, Lesbos and Asiatic Aeolis. The Arcado-Cypriot Group is spoken in Arcadia, Cyprus and Pamphylia. Lastly, the Ionic-Attic Group is spoken in Attica, Euboea (Catana and Cumae), Northern Cyclades and Asiatic Ionia.<br />Linguistical Characteristics</p><p>The phonology of the Greek language has shifted between periods of Greek history. The Old Attic Greek language had 7 vowels. The consonantal structure had many stops. There are two liquid sounds and two nasal sounds.</p><p>If a Greek word has 3 or more syllables, it is marked by an accent on one of the vowels. There is a gender representation but only for nouns, adjectives and pronouns. There are three numbers (singular, dual and plural) that distinguish noun and verb. Verbs in Greek have four systems: present, aorist, perfect and future.</p><p>Many might consider that the Greek language is made up largely of loan words. Many of these words were taken from people who lived in Greece before the Proto-Greeks arrived and brought their language. Eventually, the Greek language became fully developed, with many nuances.<br />The popular Mycenaean script was no longer used in the 12th century when their palaces were destroyed due to the Dorian invasions. It appears that the Greeks were illiterate for a few centuries. In the 8th century, the Greeks used most of the Phoenician alphabet. Between the 8th and 5th centuries BCE, there were some differences in the letters between cities. The Greek language had gone through many changes and reforms. Around 400 BCE, the alphabet became more normalized.</p><p><strong>Fun Facts about Greece</strong><br />• The official name of Greece is the Hellenic Republic<br />• The Olympic games originated in Greece<br />• Greece has thousands of islands, including popular vacation destinations such as Santorini and Mykonos</p>','Greek Translation','Professional Greek language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009 #interpreting #translation #interpreters #translationservices #languageservices','Greek Translation'),(6130,6130,1,'Guariní Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','1f4778e4-70ee-457c-b44a-740a064d376d','CIT offers Guarini interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Guarini language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Guarini language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Guarini language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the German language, as well as of the culture and history of the Guarini people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n\n \n\n<strong><u>Guarini Language</u></strong>\n\nThe Guarini language is part of the Tupi-Guarini family of languages in South America. About 4.6 million people speak the language in Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia and Brazil. The Tupi-Guarini languages are spoken by people who inhabit the Amazon along with those who live in remote parts of Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia and Peru. Although these are all geographically distant, the languages spoken are rather similar. Therefore, the Portuguese Jesuits named the language the <em>lingua geral</em> or the <em>common language</em>. The Guarini people initially called themselves <em>Aba</em>, which means <em>men</em>. Jesuit missionaries coined the term Guarini to refer to the local people who had accepted Christianity.\n\nThe Guarini language has official status in Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. There are several dialects of the language including Eastern Bolivian Guarini, Western Bolivian Guarini, Guarini Ava, Guarini Mbiya and Paraguayan Guarini.\n\nThe first recorded writing of Guarini was in religious texts around the 1600s. Antonio Ruiz de Montoya was a priest who wrote the first Guarini-Spanish dictionary. It was published in 1639 and went by the name of <em>Tesoro de la lengua Guarini</em>. In 1867, the president of Paraguay, Mariscal Francisco Solano Lopez attempted to regulate the spelling of the language but was unsuccessful. In 1950, the spelling was officially finalized by the Guarini Language Congress in Montevideo, Uruguay.\n\n<strong>            </strong>Words in Guarini are either oral or nasal, following the nasal harmony. There are 6 oral vowels in the Guarini language. There are bilabial, labiodental, alveolar, postalveolar/palatal, velar and glottal consonants. The Guarini language is referred to as an agglutinative polysynthetic language. It means there is a high ratio of morphemes in each word. In such a language, a full sentence in another language can be said in just one word. In Guarini, postpositions are used as opposed to prepositions in other languages.\n\nThe Guarini language does not specify nouns for gender, number or case. Additionally, there are no definite articles. The language also distinguishes between inclusive and exclusive first person plural pronouns. The verb system in Guarini is quite complex, as previously mentioned. The word order follows the SVO (Subject-Verb-Object) order. If there is no subject, then the word order is Object-Verb. Guarini has many Spanish loanwords.\n\nGuaraní has co-existed with Spanish in Paraguay for four centuries, and as a result, has absorbed a lot of Spanish vocabulary. Guaraní has also contributed a number of loanwords to English such as cougar, toucan and jaguar.','Guariní Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Guarini language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Guariní translator interpreter'),(6131,6131,1,'Guariní Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','e277adef-8ef6-4783-8b4c-e05542dd7de2','CIT offers Guarini interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Guarini language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Guarini language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Guarini language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the German language, as well as of the culture and history of the Guarini people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n\n \n\n<strong><u>Guarini Language</u></strong>\n\nThe Guarini language is part of the Tupi-Guarini family of languages in South America. About 4.6 million people speak the language in Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia and Brazil. The Tupi-Guarini languages are spoken by people who inhabit the Amazon along with those who live in remote parts of Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia and Peru. Although these are all geographically distant, the languages spoken are rather similar. Therefore, the Portuguese Jesuits named the language the <em>lingua geral</em> or the <em>common language</em>. The Guarini people initially called themselves <em>Aba</em>, which means <em>men</em>. Jesuit missionaries coined the term Guarini to refer to the local people who had accepted Christianity.\n\nThe Guarini language has official status in Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. There are several dialects of the language including Eastern Bolivian Guarini, Western Bolivian Guarini, Guarini Ava, Guarini Mbiya and Paraguayan Guarini.\n\nThe first recorded writing of Guarini was in religious texts around the 1600s. Antonio Ruiz de Montoya was a priest who wrote the first Guarini-Spanish dictionary. It was published in 1639 and went by the name of <em>Tesoro de la lengua Guarini</em>. In 1867, the president of Paraguay, Mariscal Francisco Solano Lopez attempted to regulate the spelling of the language but was unsuccessful. In 1950, the spelling was officially finalized by the Guarini Language Congress in Montevideo, Uruguay.\n\n<strong>            </strong>Words in Guarini are either oral or nasal, following the nasal harmony. There are 6 oral vowels in the Guarini language. There are bilabial, labiodental, alveolar, postalveolar/palatal, velar and glottal consonants. The Guarini language is referred to as an agglutinative polysynthetic language. It means there is a high ratio of morphemes in each word. In such a language, a full sentence in another language can be said in just one word. In Guarini, postpositions are used as opposed to prepositions in other languages.\n\nThe Guarini language does not specify nouns for gender, number or case. Additionally, there are no definite articles. The language also distinguishes between inclusive and exclusive first person plural pronouns. The verb system in Guarini is quite complex, as previously mentioned. The word order follows the SVO (Subject-Verb-Object) order. If there is no subject, then the word order is Object-Verb. Guarini has many Spanish loanwords.\n\nGuaraní has co-existed with Spanish in Paraguay for four centuries, and as a result, has absorbed a lot of Spanish vocabulary. Guaraní has also contributed a number of loanwords to English such as cougar, toucan and jaguar.','Guariní Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Guarini language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Guariní translator interpreter'),(6132,6132,1,'Haitian Creole Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','15189623-27b3-4635-a072-080651ed8a96','<h2>Creole interpreters and translators</h2>\nHaitian Creole may be spoken as little as 2 percent in Haiti, that\'s all the more reason finding someone to translate your documents or provide interpreting from creole to English is difficult. If you\'re ready now, call us. We\'re open 7 days a week, all day — 24 hours, and we don\'t take off for holidays. You can reach us 365 days a year. Try us now, <a href=\"tel:208887379009\">888.737.9009</a>.\n<h2>Worry No More</h2>\nCIT is here to offer Creole interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Creole language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Creole language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Creole language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Creole language, as well as of the culture and history of the Creole people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n\n<img src=\"https://calinterpreting.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/HAITIAN-CREOLE-LANGUAGE-INTERPRETING-AND-TRANSLATIONS-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"It is estimated 160,000 Haitians speak Haitian Creole which is derived from French.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" />\n<h2>About The Hatian-Creole Language</h2>\nThe word “creole” comes from the French applied to people who were living in the colonies, to differentiate between them and the European-born immigrants. There are several Creole languages and are based mainly on English, Portuguese, French and Spanish. Since there are several other creole languages, there are other languages based on Arabic, Hindi and Malay. The Creole languages are quite complex and have many grammatical rules.\n\nMore specifically, the French Creole language is spoken mainly in the Caribbean, the US and some islands in the Indian Ocean. Within the Caribbean, there are different types of Creole that are spoken. They are: Haitian, Guadeloupean, Louisiana, Guianese and Amapa Creole.\n\nHistorically speaking, Creole was often thought to be spoken by the lower class of European colonizers. Many believed their languages to be primitive and unsophisticated. However, there has been a big push for revival since the mid 1900s. More and more, the Creole languages are being used in education, government, business and media. There are even Creole languages that have become official languages for several countries. This includes Bislama (official languages of Vanuatu), Haitian Creole (Haiti), Tok Pisin (Papua New Guinea), Saotomense (Sao Tome Island), Kituba (Congo) and Sango (Central African Republic).\n<h2>Structure and Writing of Creole</h2>\nThe Creole languages have many differences in sound, grammar and vocabulary. In Creole languages, there are small sounds, no consonant clusters and no tones. Creole grammar is much simpler than the languages that it is based on. There are no differentiations between number, gender and case markings. However, the personal pronouns system is quite complicated.\n\nThere is no copula or determiners. Vocabulary is rather restricted. Words in Creole can have various meanings from the languages they were borrowed. Wiring in Creole has been developed by missionaries who took orthographies of their own tradition to be implemented in Creole. The orthographic has several similarities to English, French, Spanish and Portuguese.\n<h2>Creole Culture</h2>\nThe term “Creole” also refers to New World products that came from Old World goods. It is often times applied to architecture, identity and food. It is usually referred to people born in Louisiana during French and Spanish occupations. When the Creoles settled, they tried their best to nourish the land and grow crops.\n\nThe Creoles have historically, and today as well, transcended all boundaries of race. Because of the many roots of their descendants, their heritage is mixed and may include African, French, Spanish and even Native American.\n\nShould one be more interested in Creole culture, visiting the Cane River Creole National Historical Park’s Oakland and Magnolia Plantations will help to further understand Creole culture and learn about their past and what they are still continuing to do for their nation.\n<h2>haitian Immigration</h2>\nMany Haitians begin their journey to the United States many years before arriving in the U.S. <a href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-58673578\">They first arrive in Brazil</a> making their way east before finally heading through Central America where many have become ex-pats in Guatemala.\n\nIn September of 2021, mass immigration to the U.S. took place by over 15,000 Haitians living in Guatemala and <a href=\"https://www.usnews.com/news/us/articles/2021-09-21/haitian-journey-to-texas-border-starts-in-south-america\">Mexico</a>. <a href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/us/mexico-urges-haitians-us-mexico-border-give-up-head-south-2021-09-24/\">Mexico stated they should return to Guatemala</a> as thousands responded to President Biden\'s open border policy and dismantling President Trump\'s remain in Mexico border policy, most relocated to Florida.\n\nThe question of where would the Haitian foreign nationals go made national news for days as others have gone to Maryland Arizona, New York, and elsewhere. If you are a Haitian immigrant in need of document translation or an interpreter for immigration needs, call CIT 24 hours a day at our toll-free number, <a href=\"tel:208887379009\">888.737.9009</a>. There is no charge for the call.','Haitian Creole Translators','Certified Haitian Creole translators & interpreters for the legal, banking, and court in the U.S. Call 888.737.9009. The call is free.','Haitian Creole translators'),(6133,6133,1,'Haitian Creole Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','3f9d1d8b-812d-4669-bd9e-7ff168e4cedd','<h2>Creole interpreters and translators</h2>\nHaitian Creole may be spoken as little as 2 percent in Haiti, that\'s all the more reason finding someone to translate your documents or provide interpreting from creole to English is difficult. If you\'re ready now, call us. We\'re open 7 days a week, all day — 24 hours, and we don\'t take off for holidays. You can reach us 365 days a year. Try us now, <a href=\"tel:208887379009\">888.737.9009</a>.\n<h2>Worry No More</h2>\nCIT is here to offer Creole interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Creole language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Creole language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Creole language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Creole language, as well as of the culture and history of the Creole people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n\n<img src=\"https://calinterpreting.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/HAITIAN-CREOLE-LANGUAGE-INTERPRETING-AND-TRANSLATIONS-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"It is estimated 160,000 Haitians speak Haitian Creole which is derived from French.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" />\n<h2>About The Hatian-Creole Language</h2>\nThe word “creole” comes from the French applied to people who were living in the colonies, to differentiate between them and the European-born immigrants. There are several Creole languages and are based mainly on English, Portuguese, French and Spanish. Since there are several other creole languages, there are other languages based on Arabic, Hindi and Malay. The Creole languages are quite complex and have many grammatical rules.\n\nMore specifically, the French Creole language is spoken mainly in the Caribbean, the US and some islands in the Indian Ocean. Within the Caribbean, there are different types of Creole that are spoken. They are: Haitian, Guadeloupean, Louisiana, Guianese and Amapa Creole.\n\nHistorically speaking, Creole was often thought to be spoken by the lower class of European colonizers. Many believed their languages to be primitive and unsophisticated. However, there has been a big push for revival since the mid 1900s. More and more, the Creole languages are being used in education, government, business and media. There are even Creole languages that have become official languages for several countries. This includes Bislama (official languages of Vanuatu), Haitian Creole (Haiti), Tok Pisin (Papua New Guinea), Saotomense (Sao Tome Island), Kituba (Congo) and Sango (Central African Republic).\n<h2>Structure and Writing of Creole</h2>\nThe Creole languages have many differences in sound, grammar and vocabulary. In Creole languages, there are small sounds, no consonant clusters and no tones. Creole grammar is much simpler than the languages that it is based on. There are no differentiations between number, gender and case markings. However, the personal pronouns system is quite complicated.\n\nThere is no copula or determiners. Vocabulary is rather restricted. Words in Creole can have various meanings from the languages they were borrowed. Wiring in Creole has been developed by missionaries who took orthographies of their own tradition to be implemented in Creole. The orthographic has several similarities to English, French, Spanish and Portuguese.\n<h2>Creole Culture</h2>\nThe term “Creole” also refers to New World products that came from Old World goods. It is often times applied to architecture, identity and food. It is usually referred to people born in Louisiana during French and Spanish occupations. When the Creoles settled, they tried their best to nourish the land and grow crops.\n\nThe Creoles have historically, and today as well, transcended all boundaries of race. Because of the many roots of their descendants, their heritage is mixed and may include African, French, Spanish and even Native American.\n\nShould one be more interested in Creole culture, visiting the Cane River Creole National Historical Park’s Oakland and Magnolia Plantations will help to further understand Creole culture and learn about their past and what they are still continuing to do for their nation.\n<h2>haitian Immigration</h2>\nMany Haitians begin their journey to the United States many years before arriving in the U.S. <a href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-58673578\">They first arrive in Brazil</a> making their way east before finally heading through Central America where many have become ex-pats in Guatemala.\n\nIn September of 2021, mass immigration to the U.S. took place by over 15,000 Haitians living in Guatemala and <a href=\"https://www.usnews.com/news/us/articles/2021-09-21/haitian-journey-to-texas-border-starts-in-south-america\">Mexico</a>. <a href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/us/mexico-urges-haitians-us-mexico-border-give-up-head-south-2021-09-24/\">Mexico stated they should return to Guatemala</a> as thousands responded to President Biden\'s open border policy and dismantling President Trump\'s remain in Mexico border policy, most relocated to Florida.\n\nThe question of where would the Haitian foreign nationals go made national news for days as others have gone to Maryland Arizona, New York, and elsewhere. If you are a Haitian immigrant in need of document translation or an interpreter for immigration needs, call CIT 24 hours a day at our toll-free number, <a href=\"tel:208887379009\">888.737.9009</a>. There is no charge for the call.','Haitian Creole Translators','Certified Haitian Creole translators & interpreters for the legal, banking, and court in the U.S. Call 888.737.9009. The call is free.','Haitian Creole translators'),(6134,6134,1,'Hausa Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','ca13fb0a-aa33-4898-989a-d8bc6ee486f0','<h2>Hausa interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Hausa interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Hausa language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Hausa language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Hausa language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the German language, as well as of the culture and history of the Hausa people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Hausa Language</h2>\nThe Hausa language is considered to be the most important indigenous language spoken in West and Central Africa. It is the first or second language spoken by about 45 million people. It is part of the Chadic languages and falls within in the Afro-Asiatic languages. The bulk of Hausa speaking people live on the border between Niger and Nigeria. About 1/5<sup>th</sup> of the people speak Hausa as their first language. The Hausa people are mainly Muslim and have a history of trading and attending pilgrimages to the Holy Cities of Islam. This has helped to carry the Hausa language to many cities all throughout Africa.\n\nThe Hausa language is a tone language, meaning that the tone of a word is as important as the consonants and vowels. There are three tones in Hausa: high, low and falling. Hausa follows the Subject-Verb-Object order. Just like other Afro-Asiatic languages, there is a rich “root and pattern” system in the Hausa language. In the language itself, there are Square root symbols for consonantal “roots” that help to designate general concepts.\n\nThere are some consonants that change during different circumstances and the root symbol helps to indicate that. Some changes might be in a patter or with certain consonants. In a singular form, the root deconstructs to become a vowel. Nouns can be in either singular or plural, masculine or feminine. A new word can be created from either a noun or a verb through derivation. One can add a different ending or tone pattern. Hausa verbs can be created through derivation or inflection. There are different forms known as A-B-C-D forms, depending on what type of object follows the verb made.\n\nThe Hausa language had been written in a form of Arabic lettering called <em>ajami</em>. Starting in 1912, it is written in <em>book</em> and is based in the Latin alphabet. It is the orthography now used in education, print and general purposes.\n\nThe Hausa language is an indigenous language of the government and constitution of Nigeria and Niger. There are two main dialects for the Hausa language. They are: northwestern Hausa, spoken in Niger and Sokoto and Katsina in Nigeria and the eastern Hausa dialect, with Kano, Zaria and Bauchi. Research on the Hausa language is fairly new. Around the 1850s, German missionary J.F. Schon began linguistic research on the Hausa language. The first course outside of Africa in the Hausa language was offered in Berlin in 1885. Presently, Hausa is taught in many areas of the world, particularly in universities that have departments specifically for the study of African languages. In 1934, the firs publication in Hausa was released by the Reverend G.P. Bargery with around 40,000 entries. In it were many Arabic, Kanuri and Tanajaq loanwords.\n<h2>Facts about Hausa</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>The Hausa people in Nigeria are almost all Muslim</li>\n 	<li>The Hausa people practice agriculture</li>\n 	<li>The average Hausa man is well versed in politics</li>\n 	<li>Boys are flogged in order to certify them for marriage during the Fulani’s Sharo festival</li>\n</ul>','Hausa Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Hausa language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Hausa translator interpreter'),(6135,6135,1,'Hausa Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','74e2c0c3-6863-40f7-88e6-a640009f52f4','<h2>Hausa interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Hausa interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Hausa language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Hausa language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Hausa language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the German language, as well as of the culture and history of the Hausa people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Hausa Language</h2>\nThe Hausa language is considered to be the most important indigenous language spoken in West and Central Africa. It is the first or second language spoken by about 45 million people. It is part of the Chadic languages and falls within in the Afro-Asiatic languages. The bulk of Hausa speaking people live on the border between Niger and Nigeria. About 1/5<sup>th</sup> of the people speak Hausa as their first language. The Hausa people are mainly Muslim and have a history of trading and attending pilgrimages to the Holy Cities of Islam. This has helped to carry the Hausa language to many cities all throughout Africa.\n\nThe Hausa language is a tone language, meaning that the tone of a word is as important as the consonants and vowels. There are three tones in Hausa: high, low and falling. Hausa follows the Subject-Verb-Object order. Just like other Afro-Asiatic languages, there is a rich “root and pattern” system in the Hausa language. In the language itself, there are Square root symbols for consonantal “roots” that help to designate general concepts.\n\nThere are some consonants that change during different circumstances and the root symbol helps to indicate that. Some changes might be in a patter or with certain consonants. In a singular form, the root deconstructs to become a vowel. Nouns can be in either singular or plural, masculine or feminine. A new word can be created from either a noun or a verb through derivation. One can add a different ending or tone pattern. Hausa verbs can be created through derivation or inflection. There are different forms known as A-B-C-D forms, depending on what type of object follows the verb made.\n\nThe Hausa language had been written in a form of Arabic lettering called <em>ajami</em>. Starting in 1912, it is written in <em>book</em> and is based in the Latin alphabet. It is the orthography now used in education, print and general purposes.\n\nThe Hausa language is an indigenous language of the government and constitution of Nigeria and Niger. There are two main dialects for the Hausa language. They are: northwestern Hausa, spoken in Niger and Sokoto and Katsina in Nigeria and the eastern Hausa dialect, with Kano, Zaria and Bauchi. Research on the Hausa language is fairly new. Around the 1850s, German missionary J.F. Schon began linguistic research on the Hausa language. The first course outside of Africa in the Hausa language was offered in Berlin in 1885. Presently, Hausa is taught in many areas of the world, particularly in universities that have departments specifically for the study of African languages. In 1934, the firs publication in Hausa was released by the Reverend G.P. Bargery with around 40,000 entries. In it were many Arabic, Kanuri and Tanajaq loanwords.\n<h2>Facts about Hausa</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>The Hausa people in Nigeria are almost all Muslim</li>\n 	<li>The Hausa people practice agriculture</li>\n 	<li>The average Hausa man is well versed in politics</li>\n 	<li>Boys are flogged in order to certify them for marriage during the Fulani’s Sharo festival</li>\n</ul>','Hausa Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Hausa language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Hausa translator interpreter'),(6136,6136,1,'Hawaiian Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','a9ce9320-2fd3-470d-8755-7db6eef6c5f9','<h2>Hawaiian interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Hawaiian interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Hawai’ian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Hawai’ian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Hawai’ian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Hawai’ian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Hawai’ian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The History of the Hawai’ian Language</h2>\nThe Hawaiian language, known as Olelo Hawai’I, is one of the Polynesian languages. A lot of the Hawai’ian language has been replaced by Creole. In 1778, Captain Cook and his colleagues recorded the language for the first time in Kaua’i. Cook and his colleagues realized that the language was very similar to Tahitian and Maori. In order to communicate with the people of Hawai’I, they used the Tahitian language. The early explorers who had first come in contact with the people of Hawaii, noticed that the language had a lot of vowels, making it sound like redundant baby-babble. They called the Hawaiian language, “primitive” and “child-like”.\n\nHawaiian is an oral language, without a historical record of it being written down. In the 1800s, missionaries wanted to teach their converts to read the Bible. They created a simple written language consisting of only 12 letters that came from Hawaiian origin based on sounds they heard. Not long after, the Hawaiian language was used for government, daily life and within ethnic groups, many of which came to Hawaii to work on the plantations.\n\nTwo unique characteristics were later added to the Hawaiian alphabet that the missionaries had missed. The first is a glottal stop, or an unnoticed consonant. It is represented by the ‘okina symbol (‘). The other characteristic is a line placed above a vowel, indicating a longer sound. After the inclusion of these two characteristics, the Hawaiian language became as complete as other languages.\n\nOnce Hawaii became part of the United States, English became the primary language. In 1893, when the Kingdom was overthrown, the Hawaiian language was banned from schools and government. There are approximately one thousand native speakers. Many of them live on an isolated part of Hawaii called Ni’ihau. About 8000 more people can speak and understand Hawaiian currently.\n\nIn the 1970s, the language, along with Hawaiian culture, took a revolutionary turn. This caused a newfound respect for the language. In 1978, the language once more became an official language of the state of Hawaii and many immersion programs began. Today, they continue to spread in Punana Leo schools. About 1400 students are learning in the Hawaiian language and another 4000 students are learning the language as a second language. In 1978, Hawaiian became a mandatory second language in public schools.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Hawaiian</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Many foods native to Hawaii are symbols of the waves that brought immigrants to the island</li>\n 	<li>The Hawaiian people have a very devout belief system</li>\n 	<li>Music and dance are a large part of Hawaiian culture</li>\n</ul>','Hawaiian Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Hawaiian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Hawaiian translator interpreter'),(6137,6137,1,'Hawaiian Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','e9c27a9d-ecb6-4ca7-9a08-f0c96a5459f4','<h2>Hawaiian interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Hawaiian interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Hawai’ian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Hawai’ian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Hawai’ian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Hawai’ian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Hawai’ian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The History of the Hawai’ian Language</h2>\nThe Hawaiian language, known as Olelo Hawai’I, is one of the Polynesian languages. A lot of the Hawai’ian language has been replaced by Creole. In 1778, Captain Cook and his colleagues recorded the language for the first time in Kaua’i. Cook and his colleagues realized that the language was very similar to Tahitian and Maori. In order to communicate with the people of Hawai’I, they used the Tahitian language. The early explorers who had first come in contact with the people of Hawaii, noticed that the language had a lot of vowels, making it sound like redundant baby-babble. They called the Hawaiian language, “primitive” and “child-like”.\n\nHawaiian is an oral language, without a historical record of it being written down. In the 1800s, missionaries wanted to teach their converts to read the Bible. They created a simple written language consisting of only 12 letters that came from Hawaiian origin based on sounds they heard. Not long after, the Hawaiian language was used for government, daily life and within ethnic groups, many of which came to Hawaii to work on the plantations.\n\nTwo unique characteristics were later added to the Hawaiian alphabet that the missionaries had missed. The first is a glottal stop, or an unnoticed consonant. It is represented by the ‘okina symbol (‘). The other characteristic is a line placed above a vowel, indicating a longer sound. After the inclusion of these two characteristics, the Hawaiian language became as complete as other languages.\n\nOnce Hawaii became part of the United States, English became the primary language. In 1893, when the Kingdom was overthrown, the Hawaiian language was banned from schools and government. There are approximately one thousand native speakers. Many of them live on an isolated part of Hawaii called Ni’ihau. About 8000 more people can speak and understand Hawaiian currently.\n\nIn the 1970s, the language, along with Hawaiian culture, took a revolutionary turn. This caused a newfound respect for the language. In 1978, the language once more became an official language of the state of Hawaii and many immersion programs began. Today, they continue to spread in Punana Leo schools. About 1400 students are learning in the Hawaiian language and another 4000 students are learning the language as a second language. In 1978, Hawaiian became a mandatory second language in public schools.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Hawaiian</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Many foods native to Hawaii are symbols of the waves that brought immigrants to the island</li>\n 	<li>The Hawaiian people have a very devout belief system</li>\n 	<li>Music and dance are a large part of Hawaiian culture</li>\n</ul>','Hawaiian Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Hawaiian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Hawaiian translator interpreter'),(6138,6138,1,'Hebrew Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','89715990-fd3a-4273-b664-4856498a7ed0','<h2>Hebrew interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Hebrew interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Hebrew language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Hebrew language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Hebrew language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Hebrew language, as well as of the culture and history of the Hebrew people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Hebrew Language</h2>\nThe Hebrew language is the primary Semitic language of the Northern Central, or northwestern, group. It is heavily related to Phoenician and Moabite. Hebrew was spoken in Palestine. In the 3<sup>rd</sup> century BC, the language was replaced mainly by Aramaic but was continued to be used for religious and literary purposes. In the 1800s, it was later revived and is now the official language of the State of Israel.\n\nThe history of the Hebrew language can typically be broken down into 4 categories. They are: Biblical, Mishnaic, Medieval and Modern Hebrew.\n\nBiblical Hebrew was used until about the 3<sup>rd</sup> century BC. It is what the Old Testament is written in. Mishnaic, also known as Rabbinic Hebrew, is the language of the Mishna, which is a compilation of Jewish tradition. Next is Medieval Hebrew, which was spoken from the 6<sup>th</sup> to 13<sup>th</sup> centuries. Many of its words come from Greek, Spanish and Arabic. Lastly, Modern Hebrew, which was put together by Eliezer Ben Yehuda in the turn of the 20<sup>th</sup> century by creating a Hebrew dictionary.\n\nAt this time, there was a lot of backlash from religious leaders to modernize the Hebrew language and make it a language spoken outside of biblical and theological settings. Even though he was alienated for his effort, Ben Yehuda continued to write the dictionary and modernize the Hebrew language. Today, over 9 million people worldwide speak Hebrew and many more can read and write the language. The most ancient form of the Hebrew language is found in the Song of Deborah (Chapter 5 of the book of Judges). When studying Ancient Hebrew, one can expect to find Canaanite and Akkadian loanwords. The letters used in Modern Hebrew are the same used in ancient text and prayer.\n\nDuring the time of the Mishna, many consonant sounds were combined and confused. Many nouns were taken from the Aramaic languages. One can also find Greek, Latin and Persian loanwords. Between the 9<sup>th</sup> and 18<sup>th</sup> centuries, the Hebrew language was not spoken much. During this time, poems called <em>piyyuitim</em> started taking form. During this time, new words were added, other words were given new meanings. Soon after, the Spanish-Hebrew poets took form. During this time, around 2,500 more modern words, such as scientific and philosophical words were added.\n\nThe Modern Hebrew of today is based on biblical Hebrew. It is a rather innovative language to meet modern times. Although there is only one dialect of Hebrew, there are different pronunciations, particularly between the Sephardic (Hispano-Portuguese) Jews and the Ashkenazi (Eastern European) Jews. Hebrew is written from right to left in a script that contains 22 Semitic letters.\n\nThe language has seven forms of verb conjugation. Each verb can be conjugated for male or female and plural or singular. There are four tenses: past, present, future and command form. All 22 letters of the Hebrew alphabet are consonants; vowels are added below or above letters to help with pronunciation.','Hebrew Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Hebrew language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Hebrew translator interpreter'),(6139,6139,1,'Hebrew Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','3d49a058-9da8-46b7-aee6-62be7d460a95','<h2>Hebrew interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Hebrew interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Hebrew language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Hebrew language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Hebrew language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Hebrew language, as well as of the culture and history of the Hebrew people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Hebrew Language</h2>\nThe Hebrew language is the primary Semitic language of the Northern Central, or northwestern, group. It is heavily related to Phoenician and Moabite. Hebrew was spoken in Palestine. In the 3<sup>rd</sup> century BC, the language was replaced mainly by Aramaic but was continued to be used for religious and literary purposes. In the 1800s, it was later revived and is now the official language of the State of Israel.\n\nThe history of the Hebrew language can typically be broken down into 4 categories. They are: Biblical, Mishnaic, Medieval and Modern Hebrew.\n\nBiblical Hebrew was used until about the 3<sup>rd</sup> century BC. It is what the Old Testament is written in. Mishnaic, also known as Rabbinic Hebrew, is the language of the Mishna, which is a compilation of Jewish tradition. Next is Medieval Hebrew, which was spoken from the 6<sup>th</sup> to 13<sup>th</sup> centuries. Many of its words come from Greek, Spanish and Arabic. Lastly, Modern Hebrew, which was put together by Eliezer Ben Yehuda in the turn of the 20<sup>th</sup> century by creating a Hebrew dictionary.\n\nAt this time, there was a lot of backlash from religious leaders to modernize the Hebrew language and make it a language spoken outside of biblical and theological settings. Even though he was alienated for his effort, Ben Yehuda continued to write the dictionary and modernize the Hebrew language. Today, over 9 million people worldwide speak Hebrew and many more can read and write the language. The most ancient form of the Hebrew language is found in the Song of Deborah (Chapter 5 of the book of Judges). When studying Ancient Hebrew, one can expect to find Canaanite and Akkadian loanwords. The letters used in Modern Hebrew are the same used in ancient text and prayer.\n\nDuring the time of the Mishna, many consonant sounds were combined and confused. Many nouns were taken from the Aramaic languages. One can also find Greek, Latin and Persian loanwords. Between the 9<sup>th</sup> and 18<sup>th</sup> centuries, the Hebrew language was not spoken much. During this time, poems called <em>piyyuitim</em> started taking form. During this time, new words were added, other words were given new meanings. Soon after, the Spanish-Hebrew poets took form. During this time, around 2,500 more modern words, such as scientific and philosophical words were added.\n\nThe Modern Hebrew of today is based on biblical Hebrew. It is a rather innovative language to meet modern times. Although there is only one dialect of Hebrew, there are different pronunciations, particularly between the Sephardic (Hispano-Portuguese) Jews and the Ashkenazi (Eastern European) Jews. Hebrew is written from right to left in a script that contains 22 Semitic letters.\n\nThe language has seven forms of verb conjugation. Each verb can be conjugated for male or female and plural or singular. There are four tenses: past, present, future and command form. All 22 letters of the Hebrew alphabet are consonants; vowels are added below or above letters to help with pronunciation.','Hebrew Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Hebrew language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Hebrew translator interpreter'),(6140,6140,1,'Hindi Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','0f07a2e2-cc47-42be-a989-c4544656f2ba','<h2>Hindi interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Hindi interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Hindi language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Hindi language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Hindi language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Hindi language, as well as of the culture and history of the Hindi people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Hindi Language</h2>\nThe Hindi language is part of the Indo-Aryan group, part of the Indo-Iranian branch of Indo-European languages. It is the first and preferred language of India while the second language and the primary language of business is English. About 425 million people speak Hindi as their first language and an additiona 120 million speak it as a second or tertiery language. Other nations that speak Hindi besides India include South Africa, Mauritus, Bangladesh, Yemen and Uganda.\n\nThe Hindi language, which is written in Devanagari, has been highly influenced by Sanskrit. The primary dialect of Hindi is Khari bolic, which is spoken in the north and east. Other dialects of Hindi include Braj Bhasha, Awadhi, Bagheli, Bhojpuri, Bundeli, Chhattisgarhi, Garhwali, Haryanawi, Kanauji, Kumayuni, Magahi, and Marwari. Many believe these are not actually dialects, rather regional languages of Hindi. Even within these zones are discrepancies between languages. For example, Maithili is more similar to Bengali than it is to Hindi. Rajasthani is also more similar to Gujarati than to Hindi. Regardless, Hindi is still the main language of elementary school education. In such an area, there is a prominence associated with speaking Hindi, as there is a prominence associated with speaking English in southern parts of India. During the 1950s with a large insurgence of media, television and movies, more people have been speaking standard Hindi. Around that time, there was a large increase in code switching, where a speaker would combine Hindi and English words in one sentence.\n\nThe precursor languages of Hindi are Sanskrit, Prakrit and Apabhramsha. Hindi was greatly influenced by the Persian language. For example, an adjective would not change if the number in the noun changes. Hindi has number agreements through postpositions and has two genders, masculine and feminine, unlike Sanskrit that has a neutral gender as well.\n\nThere are many loanwords of other languages in the Hindi language, particularly from Persian, Arabic and English.\n\nIn the 1930s, a linguist named Sumit Kumar Chatterjee performed a study on how the language, which he called Bazaar Hinudstani, was being used. It was used by Europeans and Indians who spoke other languages like Assamese, Bengali, Oriya, Tamil and Hindi. Hindustani comes from Hindi and Sanskrit or from Urdu and Persian. It was known as the <em>lingua franca,</em> the first language, of Kolkata (known as Calcutta today). It appears that modern day Hindi came from a mix of very many languages. A government agency called the Central Hindi Directorate is working to modernize the Hindi language and as a result, the language is moving closer to Sanskrit. Those who are not native Hindi speakers are moving the language closer to English by inserting more loanwords into the Hindi lexicon. It is the goal of Hindi speakers, both native and non-native speakers, to expand the language.\n<h2>Fun Facts about the Hindi Language</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Hindi words are spelled out exactly as they are pronounced to make it easy to learn</li>\n 	<li>Hindi Day, annually celebrated on September 14, marks the day the Hindi language became official in 1965</li>\n 	<li>The word “Hindi” comes from the Persian word “Hind,” which means The Land of the India River</li>\n 	<li>The first Indian film, Raja Harishchandra, was released in 1913.</li>\n 	<li>Hindi typewriters were first sold in 1930.</li>\n</ul>','Hindi Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Hindi language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Hindi translator interpreter'),(6141,6141,1,'Hindi Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','fc5621db-f676-4e51-b770-a3e5366a7657','<h2>Hindi interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Hindi interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Hindi language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Hindi language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Hindi language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Hindi language, as well as of the culture and history of the Hindi people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Hindi Language</h2>\nThe Hindi language is part of the Indo-Aryan group, part of the Indo-Iranian branch of Indo-European languages. It is the first and preferred language of India while the second language and the primary language of business is English. About 425 million people speak Hindi as their first language and an additiona 120 million speak it as a second or tertiery language. Other nations that speak Hindi besides India include South Africa, Mauritus, Bangladesh, Yemen and Uganda.\n\nThe Hindi language, which is written in Devanagari, has been highly influenced by Sanskrit. The primary dialect of Hindi is Khari bolic, which is spoken in the north and east. Other dialects of Hindi include Braj Bhasha, Awadhi, Bagheli, Bhojpuri, Bundeli, Chhattisgarhi, Garhwali, Haryanawi, Kanauji, Kumayuni, Magahi, and Marwari. Many believe these are not actually dialects, rather regional languages of Hindi. Even within these zones are discrepancies between languages. For example, Maithili is more similar to Bengali than it is to Hindi. Rajasthani is also more similar to Gujarati than to Hindi. Regardless, Hindi is still the main language of elementary school education. In such an area, there is a prominence associated with speaking Hindi, as there is a prominence associated with speaking English in southern parts of India. During the 1950s with a large insurgence of media, television and movies, more people have been speaking standard Hindi. Around that time, there was a large increase in code switching, where a speaker would combine Hindi and English words in one sentence.\n\nThe precursor languages of Hindi are Sanskrit, Prakrit and Apabhramsha. Hindi was greatly influenced by the Persian language. For example, an adjective would not change if the number in the noun changes. Hindi has number agreements through postpositions and has two genders, masculine and feminine, unlike Sanskrit that has a neutral gender as well.\n\nThere are many loanwords of other languages in the Hindi language, particularly from Persian, Arabic and English.\n\nIn the 1930s, a linguist named Sumit Kumar Chatterjee performed a study on how the language, which he called Bazaar Hinudstani, was being used. It was used by Europeans and Indians who spoke other languages like Assamese, Bengali, Oriya, Tamil and Hindi. Hindustani comes from Hindi and Sanskrit or from Urdu and Persian. It was known as the <em>lingua franca,</em> the first language, of Kolkata (known as Calcutta today). It appears that modern day Hindi came from a mix of very many languages. A government agency called the Central Hindi Directorate is working to modernize the Hindi language and as a result, the language is moving closer to Sanskrit. Those who are not native Hindi speakers are moving the language closer to English by inserting more loanwords into the Hindi lexicon. It is the goal of Hindi speakers, both native and non-native speakers, to expand the language.\n<h2>Fun Facts about the Hindi Language</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Hindi words are spelled out exactly as they are pronounced to make it easy to learn</li>\n 	<li>Hindi Day, annually celebrated on September 14, marks the day the Hindi language became official in 1965</li>\n 	<li>The word “Hindi” comes from the Persian word “Hind,” which means The Land of the India River</li>\n 	<li>The first Indian film, Raja Harishchandra, was released in 1913.</li>\n 	<li>Hindi typewriters were first sold in 1930.</li>\n</ul>','Hindi Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Hindi language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Hindi translator interpreter'),(6142,6142,1,'Hittie Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','3e772b43-59bf-4f84-9bf4-ef05b2c5a68a','<h2>Hittite/Hittie interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Hittite/Hittie interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Hittite/Hittie language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Hittite/Hittie language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Hittite/Hittie language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Hittite/Hittie language, as well as of the culture and history of the Hittite/Hittie people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Hittite Language</h2>\nThe first literate society in Anatolia came about with the rise of the Hittite Empire in the 18<sup>th</sup> century BC, at the capital of Hattusa. Anatolia, as it is formally known, is the Asiatic part of what we know today as Turkey. The Hittites, along with many other nations, spoke Anatolian, a branch of the Indo-European languages. It is related to Luwian and Palaic, and many believe it is quite related to other languages that would form later on such as Lydian, Lycian and Carian. The Hittite language had adapted the cuneiform script, using approximately 375 signs from the Akkadian cuneiform. The signs can be divided into phonograms, logograms and determinatives. In order to write a consonant cluster in the language, either a CV or a VC sign is used to help with pronunciation.\n\nLogograms are also a big part of the Hittite language. Many of them have multiple meanings, known as polyvalence. It is common in cuneiform scripts such as Sumerian as well as Akkadian. There are two types of logograms in Hittite. Sumerograms are signs from Sumerians. Akkadograms are signs that were originally in Akkadian but brought into the Hittite language. These words can be read one way in Akkadian phonetically but they are read as a word in Hittite. Oftentimes, the logograms have phonetic complements.\n<h2>History of the Hittite</h2>\nThe Hittite Empire blossomed up until the 12<sup>th</sup> century BC when it was run down by political issues. The Hittite cuneiform of writing died off around this time as well. The language, however, did not disappear completely. In fact, many believe it turned into another called, Lycian.\n\nMany believe that the Hittite language helps further understand the history and complexity of Indo-European languages. They are grounded on the theory of the laryngeal theory, which indicates that atypical Proto-Indo-European roots are actually typical Proto-Indo-European and have laryngeal consonants. This theory was formulated by Ferdinand de Saussure in 1879 but was very controversial.\n\nOnce the Hittite language was classified as Indo-European, linguistic scholars noticed the cuneiform signs similar to the laryngeal theoretical words. Eventually, sounds like the <em>h</em> sound was determined and accepted to be Proto-Indo-European laryngeal. It was determined that there were laryngeals in the Luwian language also, validated the laryngeal theory in linguistics.\n<h2>Facts about Hittite</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Today, Hittite is referred to as Turkey, Syria and Lebanon</li>\n 	<li>They are part of the Bronze historical age</li>\n 	<li>The Hittite people were great and respected warriors</li>\n</ul>','Hittie Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Hittie language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Hittie translator interpreter'),(6143,6143,1,'Hittie Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','c5bb2c70-dadc-47f0-9bf9-dd719b7a11d2','<h2>Hittite/Hittie interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Hittite/Hittie interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Hittite/Hittie language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Hittite/Hittie language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Hittite/Hittie language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Hittite/Hittie language, as well as of the culture and history of the Hittite/Hittie people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Hittite Language</h2>\nThe first literate society in Anatolia came about with the rise of the Hittite Empire in the 18<sup>th</sup> century BC, at the capital of Hattusa. Anatolia, as it is formally known, is the Asiatic part of what we know today as Turkey. The Hittites, along with many other nations, spoke Anatolian, a branch of the Indo-European languages. It is related to Luwian and Palaic, and many believe it is quite related to other languages that would form later on such as Lydian, Lycian and Carian. The Hittite language had adapted the cuneiform script, using approximately 375 signs from the Akkadian cuneiform. The signs can be divided into phonograms, logograms and determinatives. In order to write a consonant cluster in the language, either a CV or a VC sign is used to help with pronunciation.\n\nLogograms are also a big part of the Hittite language. Many of them have multiple meanings, known as polyvalence. It is common in cuneiform scripts such as Sumerian as well as Akkadian. There are two types of logograms in Hittite. Sumerograms are signs from Sumerians. Akkadograms are signs that were originally in Akkadian but brought into the Hittite language. These words can be read one way in Akkadian phonetically but they are read as a word in Hittite. Oftentimes, the logograms have phonetic complements.\n<h2>History of the Hittite</h2>\nThe Hittite Empire blossomed up until the 12<sup>th</sup> century BC when it was run down by political issues. The Hittite cuneiform of writing died off around this time as well. The language, however, did not disappear completely. In fact, many believe it turned into another called, Lycian.\n\nMany believe that the Hittite language helps further understand the history and complexity of Indo-European languages. They are grounded on the theory of the laryngeal theory, which indicates that atypical Proto-Indo-European roots are actually typical Proto-Indo-European and have laryngeal consonants. This theory was formulated by Ferdinand de Saussure in 1879 but was very controversial.\n\nOnce the Hittite language was classified as Indo-European, linguistic scholars noticed the cuneiform signs similar to the laryngeal theoretical words. Eventually, sounds like the <em>h</em> sound was determined and accepted to be Proto-Indo-European laryngeal. It was determined that there were laryngeals in the Luwian language also, validated the laryngeal theory in linguistics.\n<h2>Facts about Hittite</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Today, Hittite is referred to as Turkey, Syria and Lebanon</li>\n 	<li>They are part of the Bronze historical age</li>\n 	<li>The Hittite people were great and respected warriors</li>\n</ul>','Hittie Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Hittie language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Hittie translator interpreter'),(6144,6144,1,'Hungarian Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','922e89e7-6a6f-43df-9712-e32e4dbba67e','<h2>Hungarian interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Hungarian interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Hungarian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Hungarian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Hungarian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Hungarian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Hungarian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Hungarian Language</h2>\nThe Hungarian language, also know as Magyar to those who speak it, is spoken by around 12.5 million people worldwide. Hungarian is spoken in Romania, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Israel, the US and Canada among other nations in small amounts. It is a Finno-Ugric language within the Uralic lanhguage family. Hungarian is primarily spoken in Hungary but also spoken in Slovakia, Romania, Yugoslavia and other nations in Europe.\n\nHungarian is known to be one of the most difficult languages to learn. It has been  written in modified Latin since the 13<sup>th</sup> century. By the 1500s, its written alphabet was more stabilized. Hungarian has many Turkish, Iranian, English, Slavc, Latin and Germany loanwords. It is cloest to other languages such as Khanty and Mansi, spoken in Russia. Many believe that Hungarian has been separated for about 2,500 years. The language follows the vowel harmony, where vowels belong to one of three groups, depending on the placement of articulation. These three grounps are back vowels, rounded vowels or front unrounded vowels. The stress, or accent, is always on the first syllable of a word.\n\nIt is believed that the ancestors of the Hungarians came from the Ural Mountains around the 4<sup>th</sup> – 6<sup>th</sup> centuries. Eventually, they moved down towards the Danube around the 9<sup>th</sup> century. Even though they are considered European, their language is technically of Asian origin.\n\nThere are several dialects in the Hungarian language, although the Standard Hungarian dialect is what is spoken in Hungary’s capital of Budapest. Other dialects are: Central Transdanubian, North-eastern Hungarian, Paloc, Southern Great Plains, Southern Transdanubian, Tisza-Koros, Western Transdanubian, Oberwart (spoken in Austria) and Csango (spoken in Romania). The last two are not well understood by speakers of Standard Hungarian.\n\nHungarian has several vowels and consonants. There are 14-15 vowels. Of all the other Uralic languages, Hungarian has the most phonemes. Different consonants include bilabial, labiodental, alveolar, postalveolar, palatal, velar and glottal. As previously mentioned, Hungarian has many loanwords from other languages. Additionally, the nouns can be differentiated by singular or plural, although gender is not marked. There are seven non-local cases (nominative, accusative, dative, instrumental, causative, translative, terminative) and ten local cases. Verbs have a stem and tense/mood suffix along with a person/number suffix. There are two tenses (present and past) and three moods (indicative, conditional and subjunctive). The word order is Subject-Verb-Order.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Hungary</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>The Hungarians invented the Rubik’s cube</li>\n 	<li>Hungarian is thought to be the hardest language to learn</li>\n 	<li>Hungary has no beaches</li>\n 	<li>Lake Balaton in Hungary is the largest lake in Central Europe</li>\n 	<li>Erich Weisz, also known as Harry Houdini, was born in Hungary</li>\n 	<li>It is considered rude to clink beer glasses in Hungary</li>\n 	<li>Water polo is a national sport</li>\n</ul>','Hungarian Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Hungarian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Hungarian translator interpreter'),(6145,6145,1,'Hungarian Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','9bab1622-03b6-48bd-89b4-e523e2a70ce4','<h2>Hungarian interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Hungarian interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Hungarian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Hungarian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Hungarian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Hungarian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Hungarian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Hungarian Language</h2>\nThe Hungarian language, also know as Magyar to those who speak it, is spoken by around 12.5 million people worldwide. Hungarian is spoken in Romania, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Israel, the US and Canada among other nations in small amounts. It is a Finno-Ugric language within the Uralic lanhguage family. Hungarian is primarily spoken in Hungary but also spoken in Slovakia, Romania, Yugoslavia and other nations in Europe.\n\nHungarian is known to be one of the most difficult languages to learn. It has been  written in modified Latin since the 13<sup>th</sup> century. By the 1500s, its written alphabet was more stabilized. Hungarian has many Turkish, Iranian, English, Slavc, Latin and Germany loanwords. It is cloest to other languages such as Khanty and Mansi, spoken in Russia. Many believe that Hungarian has been separated for about 2,500 years. The language follows the vowel harmony, where vowels belong to one of three groups, depending on the placement of articulation. These three grounps are back vowels, rounded vowels or front unrounded vowels. The stress, or accent, is always on the first syllable of a word.\n\nIt is believed that the ancestors of the Hungarians came from the Ural Mountains around the 4<sup>th</sup> – 6<sup>th</sup> centuries. Eventually, they moved down towards the Danube around the 9<sup>th</sup> century. Even though they are considered European, their language is technically of Asian origin.\n\nThere are several dialects in the Hungarian language, although the Standard Hungarian dialect is what is spoken in Hungary’s capital of Budapest. Other dialects are: Central Transdanubian, North-eastern Hungarian, Paloc, Southern Great Plains, Southern Transdanubian, Tisza-Koros, Western Transdanubian, Oberwart (spoken in Austria) and Csango (spoken in Romania). The last two are not well understood by speakers of Standard Hungarian.\n\nHungarian has several vowels and consonants. There are 14-15 vowels. Of all the other Uralic languages, Hungarian has the most phonemes. Different consonants include bilabial, labiodental, alveolar, postalveolar, palatal, velar and glottal. As previously mentioned, Hungarian has many loanwords from other languages. Additionally, the nouns can be differentiated by singular or plural, although gender is not marked. There are seven non-local cases (nominative, accusative, dative, instrumental, causative, translative, terminative) and ten local cases. Verbs have a stem and tense/mood suffix along with a person/number suffix. There are two tenses (present and past) and three moods (indicative, conditional and subjunctive). The word order is Subject-Verb-Order.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Hungary</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>The Hungarians invented the Rubik’s cube</li>\n 	<li>Hungarian is thought to be the hardest language to learn</li>\n 	<li>Hungary has no beaches</li>\n 	<li>Lake Balaton in Hungary is the largest lake in Central Europe</li>\n 	<li>Erich Weisz, also known as Harry Houdini, was born in Hungary</li>\n 	<li>It is considered rude to clink beer glasses in Hungary</li>\n 	<li>Water polo is a national sport</li>\n</ul>','Hungarian Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Hungarian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Hungarian translator interpreter'),(6146,6146,1,'Hutterite German Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','4d5af48c-a7af-4802-86b5-c81bcc982a29','<h2>Hutterite German (Hutterisch) Translator &amp; Interpreter Services</h2>\nWhen you work with CIT, you get a gamut of options when it comes to lingual services. This way, you can conveniently arrange to include all of the relevant parties. In addition, it will likely save you enormous amounts of time and money. Our tried-and-true methods allow us to guarantee perfection no matter what route you take. CIT linguists undergo serious amounts of training and education before we send them to you. This way, they work perfectly in every given situation. Being that we operate in every industry, including healthcare, manufacturing, retail, and many others, our specialties range far and wide.\n\nOn top of that, we provide our comprehensive services in every language, including Hutterite German (Hutterisch in German), so you get an expert interpreter or translator every time.\n<h2>History of Hutterite German</h2>\nThe Hutterites, the Anabaptist cousins of the Amish people, have their own language called Hutterisch, a German dialect. It is different from the Amish that some are accustomed to hearing.\n\nThe Hutterites and their movement began in the 16<sup>th</sup> century when Jakob Hutter became the chief elder in 1533. There are about 490 colonies of Hutterites today. Among those are three specific groups: Schmiedeleut, Dariusleut, and Lehrerleut. They have the same documents of faith but they dress differently and live in different areas from each other. Additionally, different colonies have different leaders (or elders). Similar to the Amish, the Hutterites believe in adult baptism. Hutterisch, which is the language the Hutterites speak, is a Carinthian German language spoken by Hutterites in Canada and the US and also by some Prairie People, known as Prairieleit. Other names for Hutterisch are Carinthian German, Hutterian German, and Hutterite German.\n<h2>Hutterite Demographics</h2>\nOver 40,000 people speak it worldwide, mainly in the Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan provinces in Canada. The language falls under the Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, German, Upper German and Bavarian-Austrian classification of languages. There are multiple dialects of Hutterisch, such as Pennsylvanian German, Plautdiestch, Tyrolean, and Standard. The language uses written Latin script. Because there are so many dialects, it can be hard for an interpreter or translator to work with Hutterite German, so call us.\n\nThe Hutterites live in colonies while the Prairie People live in many parts of the world. They decided not to live in a community when they came to North America in the 1800s. Hutterite German is originally from Carinthia, which is in the Eastern Alps in the southern part of Austria. Where a German word would have a short vowel, the Hutterisch version of that word would have a long vowel. Hutterisch dialects shift and vary. Someone who speaks Hutterisch can tell what Hutterite colony the stranger belongs to simply by the way they speak.\n\nBecause of the disbursement of the Hutterites, their language has many loanwords from Poland and other European languages. To the dismay of the Hutterite people, the language has more and more English words as many Hutterites live in English speaking countries. However, even in European countries where English is not the primary speaking language, Hutterite German is gaining more and more English words in its vocabulary.\n\nThe Hutterites are very big on family, community, freedom, are very welcoming, have a lot of faith, and are heavily self-sufficient.\n<h2>Hire a Hutterite German Interpreter or Translator</h2>\nNeed a Hutterite German interpreter or Czech translator? CIT is here to help! We’ll draw on our network of thousands of certified, mother-tongue linguists to provide you with a Hutterite interpreter or translator when and where you need them. To learn more, schedule a Hutterite German interpreting assignment, or request a Hutterite German translation, call us at 888-737-9009 or email us at <a href=\"mailto:info@calinterpreting.com\">info@calinterpreting.com</a>.','Hutterite German Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Hutterite language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Hutterite German translator interpreter'),(6147,6147,1,'Hutterite German Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','f9a547ad-768f-4064-a536-d23be019b55e','<h2>Hutterite German (Hutterisch) Translator &amp; Interpreter Services</h2>\nWhen you work with CIT, you get a gamut of options when it comes to lingual services. This way, you can conveniently arrange to include all of the relevant parties. In addition, it will likely save you enormous amounts of time and money. Our tried-and-true methods allow us to guarantee perfection no matter what route you take. CIT linguists undergo serious amounts of training and education before we send them to you. This way, they work perfectly in every given situation. Being that we operate in every industry, including healthcare, manufacturing, retail, and many others, our specialties range far and wide.\n\nOn top of that, we provide our comprehensive services in every language, including Hutterite German (Hutterisch in German), so you get an expert interpreter or translator every time.\n<h2>History of Hutterite German</h2>\nThe Hutterites, the Anabaptist cousins of the Amish people, have their own language called Hutterisch, a German dialect. It is different from the Amish that some are accustomed to hearing.\n\nThe Hutterites and their movement began in the 16<sup>th</sup> century when Jakob Hutter became the chief elder in 1533. There are about 490 colonies of Hutterites today. Among those are three specific groups: Schmiedeleut, Dariusleut, and Lehrerleut. They have the same documents of faith but they dress differently and live in different areas from each other. Additionally, different colonies have different leaders (or elders). Similar to the Amish, the Hutterites believe in adult baptism. Hutterisch, which is the language the Hutterites speak, is a Carinthian German language spoken by Hutterites in Canada and the US and also by some Prairie People, known as Prairieleit. Other names for Hutterisch are Carinthian German, Hutterian German, and Hutterite German.\n<h2>Hutterite Demographics</h2>\nOver 40,000 people speak it worldwide, mainly in the Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan provinces in Canada. The language falls under the Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, German, Upper German and Bavarian-Austrian classification of languages. There are multiple dialects of Hutterisch, such as Pennsylvanian German, Plautdiestch, Tyrolean, and Standard. The language uses written Latin script. Because there are so many dialects, it can be hard for an interpreter or translator to work with Hutterite German, so call us.\n\nThe Hutterites live in colonies while the Prairie People live in many parts of the world. They decided not to live in a community when they came to North America in the 1800s. Hutterite German is originally from Carinthia, which is in the Eastern Alps in the southern part of Austria. Where a German word would have a short vowel, the Hutterisch version of that word would have a long vowel. Hutterisch dialects shift and vary. Someone who speaks Hutterisch can tell what Hutterite colony the stranger belongs to simply by the way they speak.\n\nBecause of the disbursement of the Hutterites, their language has many loanwords from Poland and other European languages. To the dismay of the Hutterite people, the language has more and more English words as many Hutterites live in English speaking countries. However, even in European countries where English is not the primary speaking language, Hutterite German is gaining more and more English words in its vocabulary.\n\nThe Hutterites are very big on family, community, freedom, are very welcoming, have a lot of faith, and are heavily self-sufficient.\n<h2>Hire a Hutterite German Interpreter or Translator</h2>\nNeed a Hutterite German interpreter or Czech translator? CIT is here to help! We’ll draw on our network of thousands of certified, mother-tongue linguists to provide you with a Hutterite interpreter or translator when and where you need them. To learn more, schedule a Hutterite German interpreting assignment, or request a Hutterite German translation, call us at 888-737-9009 or email us at <a href=\"mailto:info@calinterpreting.com\">info@calinterpreting.com</a>.','Hutterite German Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Hutterite language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Hutterite German translator interpreter'),(6148,6148,1,'Icelandic Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:06','2022-08-11 01:44:06','38c901bf-cfd2-4763-aeb8-ef965bbf35a8','<h2>Icelandic interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Icelandic interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Icelandic language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Icelandic language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Icelandic language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Icelandic language, as well as of the culture and history of the Icelandic people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Icelandic Language</h2>\nThe Icelandic language is the national language of Iceland. Known as Islenska in Iceland, it is spoken by the entire population, over 330,000 people. It is spoken in Iceland, Denmark, the US and Canada. Icelandic is part of a West Scandinavian group of North Germanic languages. It developed from the Norse languages that were brought from Normal in the 9<sup>th</sup> and 10<sup>th</sup> centuries. Old Norse, or Old Icelandic, was used to write poems and sagas.\n\nOne of the ways that Icelandic has been so successful in it’s survival is because it had been continously used for literary purposes along with it’s remoteness as a country from other nations, the disbersement of the population and the linguistic differences between Danish and Icelandic. Icelandic was able to preserve Old Scandinavian grammar almost completely.\n\nOf all the Scandinavian languages, grammar and vocabulary are more conservative in Icelandic than in other languages. There are three genders (femine, masculine and neutral), four noun cases (nominative, genitive, dative and accusative), along with many declensions. Icelandic has several loanwords from Celtic, Danish, Latin and a variety of Romantic languages. Even with so much time having passed, those who speak Icelandic can still read text in Old Icelandic quite easily. Since it is the closest of all the North Germanic languages to Old Norse, it is not uncommon that one who speaks Icelandic can also read Old Norse. It is related to Faroese and Norweigian, not so much Danish and Swedish.\n<h2>History of Iceland</h2>\nThe first Icelandic settlement was founded by Vikings who came from Norway along with Celts who came from the British Isles in 870. The settlers initially spoke the Old Norse or Danish tongue as their language. Their primary words, known as the Old Norse sagas, were written bu Icelanders in the 1100-the 1200s. The most popular authors of these sagas are Ari the Learned (1068-1148) and Snorri Sturlson (1179-1241). Starting in 1262 up until the 1400s, Norway ruled Iceland and shortly after, the Danish reigned. During this time, the Norwegian and Danish languages were used in Iceland but only on a small scale.\n\nIceland gained its independence in 1944 and with that, came the official status of the Icelandic language of the people of Iceland.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Iceland</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Iceland had the first parliament in Europe</li>\n 	<li>Iceland has one of only two places in the world where one can see tectonic plates meet above ground in Pingvellir</li>\n 	<li>There are over 125 volcanoes in Iceland</li>\n 	<li>A large portion of Iceland is covered in glaciers</li>\n 	<li>There are no forests or McDonalds!</li>\n 	<li>Over 50% of Icelanders believe in trolls and elves</li>\n</ul>','Icelandic Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Icelandic language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Icelandic translator interpreter'),(6149,6149,1,'Icelandic Translator & Interpreter Services','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','46751f54-3e2d-4fd3-97f5-8659cf772c73','<h2>Icelandic interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Icelandic interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Icelandic language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Icelandic language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Icelandic language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Icelandic language, as well as of the culture and history of the Icelandic people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Icelandic Language</h2>\nThe Icelandic language is the national language of Iceland. Known as Islenska in Iceland, it is spoken by the entire population, over 330,000 people. It is spoken in Iceland, Denmark, the US and Canada. Icelandic is part of a West Scandinavian group of North Germanic languages. It developed from the Norse languages that were brought from Normal in the 9<sup>th</sup> and 10<sup>th</sup> centuries. Old Norse, or Old Icelandic, was used to write poems and sagas.\n\nOne of the ways that Icelandic has been so successful in it’s survival is because it had been continously used for literary purposes along with it’s remoteness as a country from other nations, the disbersement of the population and the linguistic differences between Danish and Icelandic. Icelandic was able to preserve Old Scandinavian grammar almost completely.\n\nOf all the Scandinavian languages, grammar and vocabulary are more conservative in Icelandic than in other languages. There are three genders (femine, masculine and neutral), four noun cases (nominative, genitive, dative and accusative), along with many declensions. Icelandic has several loanwords from Celtic, Danish, Latin and a variety of Romantic languages. Even with so much time having passed, those who speak Icelandic can still read text in Old Icelandic quite easily. Since it is the closest of all the North Germanic languages to Old Norse, it is not uncommon that one who speaks Icelandic can also read Old Norse. It is related to Faroese and Norweigian, not so much Danish and Swedish.\n<h2>History of Iceland</h2>\nThe first Icelandic settlement was founded by Vikings who came from Norway along with Celts who came from the British Isles in 870. The settlers initially spoke the Old Norse or Danish tongue as their language. Their primary words, known as the Old Norse sagas, were written bu Icelanders in the 1100-the 1200s. The most popular authors of these sagas are Ari the Learned (1068-1148) and Snorri Sturlson (1179-1241). Starting in 1262 up until the 1400s, Norway ruled Iceland and shortly after, the Danish reigned. During this time, the Norwegian and Danish languages were used in Iceland but only on a small scale.\n\nIceland gained its independence in 1944 and with that, came the official status of the Icelandic language of the people of Iceland.\n<h2>Fun Facts about Iceland</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Iceland had the first parliament in Europe</li>\n 	<li>Iceland has one of only two places in the world where one can see tectonic plates meet above ground in Pingvellir</li>\n 	<li>There are over 125 volcanoes in Iceland</li>\n 	<li>A large portion of Iceland is covered in glaciers</li>\n 	<li>There are no forests or McDonalds!</li>\n 	<li>Over 50% of Icelanders believe in trolls and elves</li>\n</ul>','Icelandic Translator & Interpreter Services - Certified Translations','Professional Icelandic language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Icelandic translator interpreter'),(6150,6150,1,'Igbo Language Interpreters and Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','fa4793bb-06ff-4565-8205-5b47ad338cb5','<h2>The Igbo Language</h2>		\n		<p>The Igbo language, otherwise known as Ibo, is spoken in Nigeria by approximately 18 million people, making it one of the most spoken languages of West Africa. It is part of the Benue-Congo group of Niger-Congo languages. Many believe it originated around the 800s around the Niger and Benue rivers and continued to spread through Nigeria.</p><p>Today, Igbo is an official language of Nigeria, although there are others. It is also spoken in Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi, Enugu and Imo, which are Southern Delta states. In Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi, Emugu and Imo, it is the main language spoken for trade and business. It is also used for media and communication methods such as TV and radio. English is still considered the main language of Nigeria while many have not accepted the practice of writing and reading in Igbo. In fact, the Igbo language is often times replaced by Nigerian Pidgin english. Igbo speakers are most often bilingual in English as well. </p><p>The first book written in Igbo was <em>Isoama-Ibo</em> in 1857 by Samuel Aiavi Crowther. He was an ex-slave, teacher and linguist. Another notable writer was Albert Chinualumogu Achebe, who was born in the 1930s in the Igbo village of Ogidi, located in southeast Nigeria. He gained popularity in the 1950s because of his novel titled <em>Things Fall Apart.</em> His other works include <em>No Longer at Ease, Arrow of God, A Man of the People and Anthills of Savannah.</em></p><p>Igbo is now written in a form of the Latin alphabet. Because there are so many dialects, it is difficult to have a standard orthography for the Igbo language.</p><p>There are several dialects of the Igbo languages, about 30. The Standard Igbo language has been used since 1962 and is a compilation of the Oswerri and Umuahia dialects. Even that it is considered Standard Igbo, it is not fully accepted by those who speak other dialects of the language. Standard Igbo has words from other dialects along with loandwords from other languages.</p><p>Standard Igbo has 8 vowels, 30 consonants and 2 tones in the language. There are only two syllable types. The first is a ‘consonant + vowel’ and the second is vowel or syllabic nasal.     </p><p>In Igbo, there is vowel harmony consisting of two sets of vowels that can be differentiated by pharyngeal cavity size. There are two characteristics in the Igbo consonant system. They are doubly articulated consonants, meaning that a consonant has two places of articulation. The second consonant system is the labialized velars. Labio-labialized consonants include bilabial, labiodental, dental, alveolar, postalveolar, palatal, velar and glottal sounds. </p><p>Each syllable in the Igbo language has a tone, whether it is high or low. A high tone has an acute accent while a low tone has a grave accent. The grammar in Igbo is very simple, meaning there are not many prefixes, infixes or suffixes. Nouns in Igbo are simple and do not have specific differentiation between gender, number or case. Verbs are formed by added prefixes and suffixes to verb roots. When creating a verb, one must consider the tense (past, present or future), the aspect (progressive, perfective, durative and inactive), the imperative and the negation. The word order in Igbo is Subject-Verb-Object. Many vocabulary words in Igbo are compounding. Igbo used reduplication and has many loanwords from English along with other African languages.</p>		\n			<h2>Igbo interpreters and translators </h2>		\n		<p>CIT offers Igbo interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.</p><p>Although based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Igbo language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Igbo language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Igbo language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Igbo language, as well as of the culture and history of the Igbo people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.</p>',NULL,'Professional Igbo language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009',NULL),(6151,6151,1,'Igbo Language Interpreters and Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','9f1040ee-a7dc-4f11-bf63-45827c8981cb','<h2>The Igbo Language</h2>		\n		<p>The Igbo language, otherwise known as Ibo, is spoken in Nigeria by approximately 18 million people, making it one of the most spoken languages of West Africa. It is part of the Benue-Congo group of Niger-Congo languages. Many believe it originated around the 800s around the Niger and Benue rivers and continued to spread through Nigeria.</p><p>Today, Igbo is an official language of Nigeria, although there are others. It is also spoken in Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi, Enugu and Imo, which are Southern Delta states. In Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi, Emugu and Imo, it is the main language spoken for trade and business. It is also used for media and communication methods such as TV and radio. English is still considered the main language of Nigeria while many have not accepted the practice of writing and reading in Igbo. In fact, the Igbo language is often times replaced by Nigerian Pidgin english. Igbo speakers are most often bilingual in English as well. </p><p>The first book written in Igbo was <em>Isoama-Ibo</em> in 1857 by Samuel Aiavi Crowther. He was an ex-slave, teacher and linguist. Another notable writer was Albert Chinualumogu Achebe, who was born in the 1930s in the Igbo village of Ogidi, located in southeast Nigeria. He gained popularity in the 1950s because of his novel titled <em>Things Fall Apart.</em> His other works include <em>No Longer at Ease, Arrow of God, A Man of the People and Anthills of Savannah.</em></p><p>Igbo is now written in a form of the Latin alphabet. Because there are so many dialects, it is difficult to have a standard orthography for the Igbo language.</p><p>There are several dialects of the Igbo languages, about 30. The Standard Igbo language has been used since 1962 and is a compilation of the Oswerri and Umuahia dialects. Even that it is considered Standard Igbo, it is not fully accepted by those who speak other dialects of the language. Standard Igbo has words from other dialects along with loandwords from other languages.</p><p>Standard Igbo has 8 vowels, 30 consonants and 2 tones in the language. There are only two syllable types. The first is a ‘consonant + vowel’ and the second is vowel or syllabic nasal.     </p><p>In Igbo, there is vowel harmony consisting of two sets of vowels that can be differentiated by pharyngeal cavity size. There are two characteristics in the Igbo consonant system. They are doubly articulated consonants, meaning that a consonant has two places of articulation. The second consonant system is the labialized velars. Labio-labialized consonants include bilabial, labiodental, dental, alveolar, postalveolar, palatal, velar and glottal sounds. </p><p>Each syllable in the Igbo language has a tone, whether it is high or low. A high tone has an acute accent while a low tone has a grave accent. The grammar in Igbo is very simple, meaning there are not many prefixes, infixes or suffixes. Nouns in Igbo are simple and do not have specific differentiation between gender, number or case. Verbs are formed by added prefixes and suffixes to verb roots. When creating a verb, one must consider the tense (past, present or future), the aspect (progressive, perfective, durative and inactive), the imperative and the negation. The word order in Igbo is Subject-Verb-Object. Many vocabulary words in Igbo are compounding. Igbo used reduplication and has many loanwords from English along with other African languages.</p>		\n			<h2>Igbo interpreters and translators </h2>		\n		<p>CIT offers Igbo interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.</p><p>Although based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Igbo language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Igbo language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Igbo language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Igbo language, as well as of the culture and history of the Igbo people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.</p>',NULL,'Professional Igbo language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009',NULL),(6152,6152,1,'Ilocano Language Interpreters and Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2489670d-e083-41d2-ae63-f7519a66e7ae','<h2>Ilocano interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Ilocano interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Ilocano language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Ilocano language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Ilocano language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Ilocano language, as well as of the culture and history of the Ilocano people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Ilocano Language</h2>\nThe Ilocano language is part of the Malayo-Polynesian languages of the Austronesian languages. It is also known as Iloko, Iluko, Illoco and Illoko. The Ilocano people called themselves the <em>Samtoy</em>, which means “our language here” It is one of the largest spoken languages in the Philippines, third to Tagalog and English. It’s name means “people of the bay.”\n\nAbout 7 million people worldwide speak Ilocano. The language is spoken primarily in Luzon, La Union, Iloconos, Cagayan Valley, Babuyan, Mindoro and Mindanao. Over 2 million people speak Ilocano as a second language. In northern Phillipines, more people speak Ilocano than Tagalog. However, it does not possess official status. The Ilocanos emigrated by the masses to North America, specifically Hawaii, Alaska, the Pacific Northwest and California.\n\nThere are only a couple of dialects of Ilocano: northern and southern. However, the differences are very minute. The Ilocano language appears to have a very simple sound system. Syllables tend to begin with a consonant and usually end with a vowel. Norther Ilocano has 5 vowels whereas the southern dialect has another 6<sup>th</sup> vowel. There are twenty consonants and may be doubled. Some consonants appear only in loanwords, such as the letter <em>f</em>. The stress of a word can be on any syllable. Grammar in Ilocano is similar to other Malayo-Polynesian languages like Tagalog and Cebuano.\n\nThe nouns in Ilocano follow the structure of other Ergative-Absolutive languages, which means that the subject of an intransitive verb an a direct object are marked by an absolutive case instead of transitive verbs that are marked by ergative cases. Some nouns, which are usually Spanish loanwords, are marked for gender. Nouns can be either personal or common. In Ilocano, personal pronouns are in 1<sup>st</sup>, 2<sup>nd</sup> or 3<sup>rd</sup> person and a number can be plural or singular. Ilocano is a verb-initial language. As for the Ilocano vocabulary, there are many loanwords from Spanish and English along with Min Nan Chinese, Malay, Sanskrit, Arabic, Tamil, Persian and Austronesian.\n\nIlocano writings were first recorded, or can at least be traced by, to the early 1600s. The first recorded document in Ilocano was the Doctrina Cristiana in 1621. Some of the documents included poems, riddles, stories, music, literature and proverbs. Currently, there is a lot of Ilocano literature along with newspapers written in the language. Spanish writers in the 1500s noticed that writing in the Philippines only occurred in Manila. Later on, the idea of writing spread throughout the country and alphabets began to take form. The letters that were used to write Tagalog in were written in Baybayin. The Baybayin alphabet is used essentially for decorative purposes.\n<h2>Culture</h2>\nThe Filipino people converted to Catholicism by colonial Spanish settlers. Culturally, the Filipinos have many traditions regarding marriage, relationships, food and clothing. They are allowed to choose their own marriage partner but seek approval from both sets of parents. The parents of the groom pay a dowry and will pay for the wedding as well. He will then announce his intentions to marry the daughter to her parents. The parents will consult with the <em>aplanetario</em>, which is an almanac that indicates days with good luck to select a date to wed. The bride is given many gifts and accessories and the mother of the bride is given a reward for having raised the bride. Because of the prominent religion on the Phillippines, most weddings take place in a church. At the reception, the bride and groom engage in an entertaining ritual of offering each other mung beans, which symbolize fertility. Another ritual has guests giving money to the newlyweds. Rice cake offerings are made in memory of the spirit of family members who are deceased.\n\nAnother tradition for the Ilocano people is that in announcing a death. A piece of wood is placed in front of the home of the deceased, which burns until after the burial. It is then put out with rice wine. The body is kept in the home and is dressed with the nicest of clothing. The coffin has money in it to pay the “ferryman” who is believed to lead the soul of the departed to the other world. Family members and friends tell stories of good deeds about the deceased.\n\nA standard Ilocano family has 6-7 people in it. The father is typically the head of the household and the mother disciplines the family and is in charge of the finances. The most common profession for the Ilocano people is farming.',NULL,'Professional Ilocano language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Ilocano'),(6153,6153,1,'Ilocano Language Interpreters and Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','4dd91dad-e2fc-4e6b-b90c-43c66fd2961c','<h2>Ilocano interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Ilocano interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Ilocano language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Ilocano language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Ilocano language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Ilocano language, as well as of the culture and history of the Ilocano people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Ilocano Language</h2>\nThe Ilocano language is part of the Malayo-Polynesian languages of the Austronesian languages. It is also known as Iloko, Iluko, Illoco and Illoko. The Ilocano people called themselves the <em>Samtoy</em>, which means “our language here” It is one of the largest spoken languages in the Philippines, third to Tagalog and English. It’s name means “people of the bay.”\n\nAbout 7 million people worldwide speak Ilocano. The language is spoken primarily in Luzon, La Union, Iloconos, Cagayan Valley, Babuyan, Mindoro and Mindanao. Over 2 million people speak Ilocano as a second language. In northern Phillipines, more people speak Ilocano than Tagalog. However, it does not possess official status. The Ilocanos emigrated by the masses to North America, specifically Hawaii, Alaska, the Pacific Northwest and California.\n\nThere are only a couple of dialects of Ilocano: northern and southern. However, the differences are very minute. The Ilocano language appears to have a very simple sound system. Syllables tend to begin with a consonant and usually end with a vowel. Norther Ilocano has 5 vowels whereas the southern dialect has another 6<sup>th</sup> vowel. There are twenty consonants and may be doubled. Some consonants appear only in loanwords, such as the letter <em>f</em>. The stress of a word can be on any syllable. Grammar in Ilocano is similar to other Malayo-Polynesian languages like Tagalog and Cebuano.\n\nThe nouns in Ilocano follow the structure of other Ergative-Absolutive languages, which means that the subject of an intransitive verb an a direct object are marked by an absolutive case instead of transitive verbs that are marked by ergative cases. Some nouns, which are usually Spanish loanwords, are marked for gender. Nouns can be either personal or common. In Ilocano, personal pronouns are in 1<sup>st</sup>, 2<sup>nd</sup> or 3<sup>rd</sup> person and a number can be plural or singular. Ilocano is a verb-initial language. As for the Ilocano vocabulary, there are many loanwords from Spanish and English along with Min Nan Chinese, Malay, Sanskrit, Arabic, Tamil, Persian and Austronesian.\n\nIlocano writings were first recorded, or can at least be traced by, to the early 1600s. The first recorded document in Ilocano was the Doctrina Cristiana in 1621. Some of the documents included poems, riddles, stories, music, literature and proverbs. Currently, there is a lot of Ilocano literature along with newspapers written in the language. Spanish writers in the 1500s noticed that writing in the Philippines only occurred in Manila. Later on, the idea of writing spread throughout the country and alphabets began to take form. The letters that were used to write Tagalog in were written in Baybayin. The Baybayin alphabet is used essentially for decorative purposes.\n<h2>Culture</h2>\nThe Filipino people converted to Catholicism by colonial Spanish settlers. Culturally, the Filipinos have many traditions regarding marriage, relationships, food and clothing. They are allowed to choose their own marriage partner but seek approval from both sets of parents. The parents of the groom pay a dowry and will pay for the wedding as well. He will then announce his intentions to marry the daughter to her parents. The parents will consult with the <em>aplanetario</em>, which is an almanac that indicates days with good luck to select a date to wed. The bride is given many gifts and accessories and the mother of the bride is given a reward for having raised the bride. Because of the prominent religion on the Phillippines, most weddings take place in a church. At the reception, the bride and groom engage in an entertaining ritual of offering each other mung beans, which symbolize fertility. Another ritual has guests giving money to the newlyweds. Rice cake offerings are made in memory of the spirit of family members who are deceased.\n\nAnother tradition for the Ilocano people is that in announcing a death. A piece of wood is placed in front of the home of the deceased, which burns until after the burial. It is then put out with rice wine. The body is kept in the home and is dressed with the nicest of clothing. The coffin has money in it to pay the “ferryman” who is believed to lead the soul of the departed to the other world. Family members and friends tell stories of good deeds about the deceased.\n\nA standard Ilocano family has 6-7 people in it. The father is typically the head of the household and the mother disciplines the family and is in charge of the finances. The most common profession for the Ilocano people is farming.',NULL,'Professional Ilocano language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','Ilocano'),(6154,6154,1,'Indonesian Language Interpreters and Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','a585496a-a0aa-48ac-8039-5dea37a3ab9f','<h2>Indonesian interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Indonesian interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Indonesian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Indonesian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Indonesian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Indonesian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Indonesian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Indonesian Language</h2>\nThe Indonesian language is a standardized for the Malay language and is spoken by about 30 million people in Indonesia. About 140 million more people speak Indonesian as a second language. Although more people in Indonesia speak Janaese, Indonesian is still considered the lingua franca of Indonesia.\n\nWhen Indonesia was a Dutch colony, the Indonesian language was written in Latin. The alphabet used was called <em>ejaan lama</em>, or Old Script in Indonesian. In the 1930s, while Indonesia was gaining it’s independence, the language became standardarized and the name Bahasa Indonesia became the name of the language. In 1972, President Soeharto made official changes to the spelling system in the Indonesian language.\n\nIndonesia is located near the equator, where the climate is quite warm. The country itself is quite big, about 4,800 kilometers wide. About 6,000 of the local islands are lived by Indonesian people, who are also called Maylay Islanders, Malaysians or East Indians. In 1857, the word “Indonesian” was coined by James Richardson Logan in his writings <em>The Languages of Ethnology of the Indian Archipelago.</em>\n\nThe Indonesian people have a certain unity and can be identified by physical features, language and religion. Over 195 million people are referred to as “Indonesian.” Indonesians are usually short, have black hair and a medium-brown complexion. It is said that they are a mix of Mongols, Proto-Malays and Polynesians along with Arabs, Indians or Chinese. About 87% of Indonesians are Sunni Muslims, 9% Christian and the others are Hindu or Buddhist.\n\nHistorically speaking, the country of Indonesia had been under colonial rule for a long time by the Portuguese, Spanish, English or Dutch, with the Dutch rule having span from 1627 until 1942. The Dutch’s main interest was to develop the business and crops of the country. They were not interested nor did much to modernize Indonesia or push for the country to follow more Christian rule. The Japanese invasion in 1942 was the first step to the independence of the country in 1949. Indonesia has been expressed in various literatures from countries such as the Netherland Indies, Dutch East Indian, Malay Archipelago, Malaysia or the East Indies.\n\nWriters, specifically anthropological writers, refereed to the word “Indonesia” as to not only include the Indonesian country but also other areas of Micronesia, Melanesia and Polynesia. Nearby islands of Java, Madura and Bali collectively make up 7% of Indonesia. Together, they make up about 63% of the Indonesian population and are very high in tourism. It has been thought that Indonesia is separated into three cultures: the Hindu cultures practice rice cultivation. The Islamic cultures are coastal merchants and lastly, tribal groups are known for their economic activities.',NULL,'Professional Indonesian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009',NULL),(6155,6155,1,'Indonesian Language Interpreters and Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','1c1b7853-0886-4f59-b044-9a92aa013f3e','<h2>Indonesian interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Indonesian interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Indonesian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Indonesian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Indonesian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Indonesian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Indonesian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Indonesian Language</h2>\nThe Indonesian language is a standardized for the Malay language and is spoken by about 30 million people in Indonesia. About 140 million more people speak Indonesian as a second language. Although more people in Indonesia speak Janaese, Indonesian is still considered the lingua franca of Indonesia.\n\nWhen Indonesia was a Dutch colony, the Indonesian language was written in Latin. The alphabet used was called <em>ejaan lama</em>, or Old Script in Indonesian. In the 1930s, while Indonesia was gaining it’s independence, the language became standardarized and the name Bahasa Indonesia became the name of the language. In 1972, President Soeharto made official changes to the spelling system in the Indonesian language.\n\nIndonesia is located near the equator, where the climate is quite warm. The country itself is quite big, about 4,800 kilometers wide. About 6,000 of the local islands are lived by Indonesian people, who are also called Maylay Islanders, Malaysians or East Indians. In 1857, the word “Indonesian” was coined by James Richardson Logan in his writings <em>The Languages of Ethnology of the Indian Archipelago.</em>\n\nThe Indonesian people have a certain unity and can be identified by physical features, language and religion. Over 195 million people are referred to as “Indonesian.” Indonesians are usually short, have black hair and a medium-brown complexion. It is said that they are a mix of Mongols, Proto-Malays and Polynesians along with Arabs, Indians or Chinese. About 87% of Indonesians are Sunni Muslims, 9% Christian and the others are Hindu or Buddhist.\n\nHistorically speaking, the country of Indonesia had been under colonial rule for a long time by the Portuguese, Spanish, English or Dutch, with the Dutch rule having span from 1627 until 1942. The Dutch’s main interest was to develop the business and crops of the country. They were not interested nor did much to modernize Indonesia or push for the country to follow more Christian rule. The Japanese invasion in 1942 was the first step to the independence of the country in 1949. Indonesia has been expressed in various literatures from countries such as the Netherland Indies, Dutch East Indian, Malay Archipelago, Malaysia or the East Indies.\n\nWriters, specifically anthropological writers, refereed to the word “Indonesia” as to not only include the Indonesian country but also other areas of Micronesia, Melanesia and Polynesia. Nearby islands of Java, Madura and Bali collectively make up 7% of Indonesia. Together, they make up about 63% of the Indonesian population and are very high in tourism. It has been thought that Indonesia is separated into three cultures: the Hindu cultures practice rice cultivation. The Islamic cultures are coastal merchants and lastly, tribal groups are known for their economic activities.',NULL,'Professional Indonesian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009',NULL),(6156,6156,1,'Irish Language Interpreters and Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','637dbcf5-8640-4959-b9a1-6c40d0292746','<h2>Irish interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Irish interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Irish language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Irish language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Irish language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Irish language, as well as of the culture and history of the Irish people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Irish Language</h2>\nThe Irish language, also known as Irish, Gaelic or Irish Gaelic, is a Celtic language that is mainly spoken in Ireland. Irish is the official language of the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. Before 1948, the title of the language was spelled Gaedhilge. Middle Irish spelled it as Gaoidhealg while class Iwish was Gaoidhealg and Old Irish spelled it as Goidelc. The Irish language is also minimally spoken in the United Kingdon, the US, Canada and Australia. Approximately 1.76 million people speak Irish in Ireland. Only about 74,000 speak it daily, whereas 112,000 speak it weekly and over 585,000 people speak it less frequently. The rest rarely speak it but still consider themselves to speak it. Most Irish speakers are scattered along the west coast of Ireland. This number is about 96,000 people.\n\nThe Irish language is part of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages and they are known as Q-Celtic languages. It is related to Manx, Scottish Gaelic and other Goidelic languages. It is also related to Welsh, Cornish and Breton but not as closely related. These languages are part of the Brythonic branch within the Celtic languages. These are referred to as P-Celtic languages.\n\nThere are three main Irish dialects: Munster (spoken in Kerry, Muskerry and County Cork), Connacht (spoke in Connemara, Aran Islands and Tourmakeady in the Mayo County) and Ulster (spoken mainly in Rosses). There is another dialect, the Gweedore dialect, but it is very closely related to the Ulster dialect. In the 1960s, Irish became standardized and became known as <em>An Caighdean Oifigiul</em>. This form combines several parts of all the dialects and the pronunciation is closest to the Connacht dialect. It is the form taught primarily in schools.\n\nBetween the 1600s to the 1900s, the Irish language was replaced by English in most parts of Ireland. Because of famine and migration, the language continued to decline. In 1922, when the Republic of Ireland was created, Irish became the official language along with English. The government essentially became bilingual. In modern times, Irish is used in publications, news, television and radio.\n\nThe Irish language was first written using Ogham writings, which were used in Archaic Irish and Old Welsh, in the years 300-500. When the Saint, Patrick, brought Christianity to Ireland, the Irish began writing in Latin. When the Vikings invaded in 800-900 AD, many Latin manuscripts were destroyed. Today, Irish is written using the Latin alphabet. In 1957, a spelling reform got rid of silent letters, although they are still used in Scottish Gaelic.\n\nVariations of spelling:\n\n<em>Gaedhilic/Gaeilic/Gaeilig</em>, or <em>Gaedhlag</em>, <em>Gaedhealaing/Gaoluinn/Gaelainn</em>\n<h2>Fun Facts about Ireland</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>The Titanic was built in Belfast in North Ireland</li>\n 	<li>Mustaches were illegal in Ireland in 1447</li>\n 	<li>The longest name of a place in Ireland is Muckanaghederdauhaulia</li>\n 	<li>The Guinness brewery has a 9,000-year lease</li>\n 	<li>Contrary to popular belief, the national symbol of Ireland is not a shamrock, but a Celtic harp</li>\n 	<li>The film Braveheart (1995) was taped in Ireland, even though it took place in Scotland</li>\n</ul>',NULL,'Professional Irish language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009',NULL),(6157,6157,1,'Irish Language Interpreters and Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','6293d9e3-8aa3-4726-a75e-1d37a73383d5','<h2>Irish interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Irish interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Irish language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Irish language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Irish language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Irish language, as well as of the culture and history of the Irish people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Irish Language</h2>\nThe Irish language, also known as Irish, Gaelic or Irish Gaelic, is a Celtic language that is mainly spoken in Ireland. Irish is the official language of the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. Before 1948, the title of the language was spelled Gaedhilge. Middle Irish spelled it as Gaoidhealg while class Iwish was Gaoidhealg and Old Irish spelled it as Goidelc. The Irish language is also minimally spoken in the United Kingdon, the US, Canada and Australia. Approximately 1.76 million people speak Irish in Ireland. Only about 74,000 speak it daily, whereas 112,000 speak it weekly and over 585,000 people speak it less frequently. The rest rarely speak it but still consider themselves to speak it. Most Irish speakers are scattered along the west coast of Ireland. This number is about 96,000 people.\n\nThe Irish language is part of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages and they are known as Q-Celtic languages. It is related to Manx, Scottish Gaelic and other Goidelic languages. It is also related to Welsh, Cornish and Breton but not as closely related. These languages are part of the Brythonic branch within the Celtic languages. These are referred to as P-Celtic languages.\n\nThere are three main Irish dialects: Munster (spoken in Kerry, Muskerry and County Cork), Connacht (spoke in Connemara, Aran Islands and Tourmakeady in the Mayo County) and Ulster (spoken mainly in Rosses). There is another dialect, the Gweedore dialect, but it is very closely related to the Ulster dialect. In the 1960s, Irish became standardized and became known as <em>An Caighdean Oifigiul</em>. This form combines several parts of all the dialects and the pronunciation is closest to the Connacht dialect. It is the form taught primarily in schools.\n\nBetween the 1600s to the 1900s, the Irish language was replaced by English in most parts of Ireland. Because of famine and migration, the language continued to decline. In 1922, when the Republic of Ireland was created, Irish became the official language along with English. The government essentially became bilingual. In modern times, Irish is used in publications, news, television and radio.\n\nThe Irish language was first written using Ogham writings, which were used in Archaic Irish and Old Welsh, in the years 300-500. When the Saint, Patrick, brought Christianity to Ireland, the Irish began writing in Latin. When the Vikings invaded in 800-900 AD, many Latin manuscripts were destroyed. Today, Irish is written using the Latin alphabet. In 1957, a spelling reform got rid of silent letters, although they are still used in Scottish Gaelic.\n\nVariations of spelling:\n\n<em>Gaedhilic/Gaeilic/Gaeilig</em>, or <em>Gaedhlag</em>, <em>Gaedhealaing/Gaoluinn/Gaelainn</em>\n<h2>Fun Facts about Ireland</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>The Titanic was built in Belfast in North Ireland</li>\n 	<li>Mustaches were illegal in Ireland in 1447</li>\n 	<li>The longest name of a place in Ireland is Muckanaghederdauhaulia</li>\n 	<li>The Guinness brewery has a 9,000-year lease</li>\n 	<li>Contrary to popular belief, the national symbol of Ireland is not a shamrock, but a Celtic harp</li>\n 	<li>The film Braveheart (1995) was taped in Ireland, even though it took place in Scotland</li>\n</ul>',NULL,'Professional Irish language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009',NULL),(6158,6158,1,'Italian Language Interpreters and Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','8fbffc42-9812-4ff9-917e-a093abfbec51','<h2>Italian interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Italian interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Italian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Italian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Italian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Italian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Italian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Italian Language</h2>\nThe Italian language comes from Latin, like other Romance languages. Approximately 63 million people speak Italian as a first language, while another 3 million speak it as a second language. It is the 20<sup>th</sup> most spoken language in the world. The Italian language as we know it today has been developed through a long and slow process overtime, beginning in the 5<sup>th</sup> century after the end of the Roman Empire. Before that, Latin had been the madre franca, the shared language, of the Empire. When the Roman Empire fell, there words changed because there had been an important role for the language before the fall.\n\nDuring the middle ages, Latin was the main language and was used in European universities and for all official procedures of the Church. The first recorded documents in Italian were dated back to the year 960. These documents were called the Paciti Capuani. They prove that some territories near the city of Capua belonged to the Benedictine monks. In the early 1200s, there was a lot of literature and poems that began to be written and published in Italian. Some of the popular authors were Dante Alighieri, Giovanni Boccaccio and Francesco Petrarch.\n\nBefore the Unification of Italy in 1861, Italy became divided. After, Tuscan became the official language. Until around the 1950s, many Italians were illiterate, particularly in the rural regions. Different dialects in Italian can indicate different ways of speaking or social levels, even among family and friends. Even today, many dialects are used, among the younger and older generations alike. Dialects, along with accents, can be different even in the same region of Italy. For many years, it was thought that different dialects of Italian indicated poverty or impoverished areas. However, it is believed that the reality of dialects is that they are in fact, enriching! Many regional terms from places like Naples, Sicily, Lombardy, Veneto and Tuscany have been added to the lexicon of the Italian language.\n\nIn 1950, as Italy was continuing to rebuild after World War II, it is said that less than 20% of the Italian population spoke the language fluently on a day to day basis. In 1948, when the Italian constitution was established, it gave everyone the right to education. Considering that a large amount of Italians were illiterate or semi-illiterate, this was a big step. Some people attribute the unification of the language due to television.\n\nThe Italian language is rich with many words. However, a famous Italian linguist Tullio De Mauro (1932-2017) deduced that around half of Italians used only 3000 words on a daily basis. The Italian Linguistic Academy, the Academia della Crusca, based in Medici Villa of Costello in Firenze, is where the Italian language is registered.\n\nThe Italian language, since Italy became a republic in 1946, has many loanwords., particularly from French, English and German. After World War II up until the 1970s, French was the only other language taught in schools. Around the same time, through music, television and other culture, English became quite popular in Italy as well.',NULL,'Professional Italian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009',NULL),(6159,6159,1,'Italian Language Interpreters and Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','c263ad67-9c0b-47c9-b131-6223bc442eeb','<h2>Italian interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Italian interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Italian language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Italian language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Italian language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Italian language, as well as of the culture and history of the Italian people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Italian Language</h2>\nThe Italian language comes from Latin, like other Romance languages. Approximately 63 million people speak Italian as a first language, while another 3 million speak it as a second language. It is the 20<sup>th</sup> most spoken language in the world. The Italian language as we know it today has been developed through a long and slow process overtime, beginning in the 5<sup>th</sup> century after the end of the Roman Empire. Before that, Latin had been the madre franca, the shared language, of the Empire. When the Roman Empire fell, there words changed because there had been an important role for the language before the fall.\n\nDuring the middle ages, Latin was the main language and was used in European universities and for all official procedures of the Church. The first recorded documents in Italian were dated back to the year 960. These documents were called the Paciti Capuani. They prove that some territories near the city of Capua belonged to the Benedictine monks. In the early 1200s, there was a lot of literature and poems that began to be written and published in Italian. Some of the popular authors were Dante Alighieri, Giovanni Boccaccio and Francesco Petrarch.\n\nBefore the Unification of Italy in 1861, Italy became divided. After, Tuscan became the official language. Until around the 1950s, many Italians were illiterate, particularly in the rural regions. Different dialects in Italian can indicate different ways of speaking or social levels, even among family and friends. Even today, many dialects are used, among the younger and older generations alike. Dialects, along with accents, can be different even in the same region of Italy. For many years, it was thought that different dialects of Italian indicated poverty or impoverished areas. However, it is believed that the reality of dialects is that they are in fact, enriching! Many regional terms from places like Naples, Sicily, Lombardy, Veneto and Tuscany have been added to the lexicon of the Italian language.\n\nIn 1950, as Italy was continuing to rebuild after World War II, it is said that less than 20% of the Italian population spoke the language fluently on a day to day basis. In 1948, when the Italian constitution was established, it gave everyone the right to education. Considering that a large amount of Italians were illiterate or semi-illiterate, this was a big step. Some people attribute the unification of the language due to television.\n\nThe Italian language is rich with many words. However, a famous Italian linguist Tullio De Mauro (1932-2017) deduced that around half of Italians used only 3000 words on a daily basis. The Italian Linguistic Academy, the Academia della Crusca, based in Medici Villa of Costello in Firenze, is where the Italian language is registered.\n\nThe Italian language, since Italy became a republic in 1946, has many loanwords., particularly from French, English and German. After World War II up until the 1970s, French was the only other language taught in schools. Around the same time, through music, television and other culture, English became quite popular in Italy as well.',NULL,'Professional Italian language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009',NULL),(6160,6160,1,'Japanese Translators & Interpreters','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','3b08c918-fa68-4fc0-9621-f6423509087d','<h2>Japanese Interpreters and Translators</h2>\nOur Japanese interpreters have experience in attorney-client meetings, depositions, trials, hearings, mediations, and more, in both criminal and civil matters. Our interpreters travel all over the world providing impeccable Japanese language services to law firms, the entertainment industry, conferences, and more. Professional Japanese interpreting and translating services can be difficult to secure in parts of California, due to the limited number of court-certified Japanese interpreters in the state, coupled with the fact that most Japanese legal matters are highly technical.\n\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) has years-long positive relationships with both court certified and court experienced interpreters, and can provide the highest qualified Japanese interpreters in the state, for even the most technical or specialized matters.\n\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations offers Japanese interpreters and Japanese translators in all dialects. We offer California court-certified and court experienced Japanese interpreters and translators with legal, medical, and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, conferences, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration, patent, copyright infringement, and more.\n\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations offers comprehensive Japanese language services including interpretation, translation, and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators have been screened, certified, provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and Japanese languages through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. Cal Interpreting and Translations’ Japanese interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Japanese language, as well as of culture and history, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Japanese Language Facts</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Despite the complexity of the language, Japan boasts an adult literacy level of 99%</li>\n 	<li>Unlike some other Asian languages Japanese is not tonal, making pronunciation easier to master</li>\n 	<li>Even though Japanese is only spoken in Japan as first language, there are a number of dialects with considerable variation, including Kansai, Tokyo, Tsugaru, Mikawa, Ibaraki, and more</li>\n 	<li>Japanese uses four distinct systems of writing: kanji, hiragana, katakana, and romaji</li>\n 	<li>Kanji are adopted Chinese characters, and in fact, the word ‘kanji’ means literally ‘Han characters’</li>\n 	<li>In contrast to the hiragana syllabary, which is used for Japanese words not covered by kanji and for grammatical inflections, the katakana syllabary usage is quite similar to italics in English; specifically, it is used for transcription of foreign language words into Japanese and the writing of loan words (collectively <em>gairaigo</em>); for emphasis; to represent onomatopoeia; for technical and scientific terms; and for names of plants, animals, minerals, and often Japanese companies.</li>\n 	<li>Hiragana syllabary is often used for Japanese words not covered by kanji, and for grammatical inflections.</li>\n 	<li>More recently, (1548 to be specific-just like yesterday!) romaji – a romanization of Japanese words – developed as well. <em>Hepburn romanization</em>generally follows English phonology with Romance This makes romaji an intuitive method of demonstrating to Anglophones the pronunciation of a word in Japanese. Hepburn is the most common romanization system in use today, especially in the English-speaking world.</li>\n</ul>\n(Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana)\n\nAs you can see, the language history of the archipelago of Japan is extensive and complex, and Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations takes great pains to ensure that we always provide you and your clients with the most accurate and up to date translation, transcription, and interpretation services.',NULL,'Professional Japanese language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','japanese'),(6161,6161,1,'Japanese Translators & Interpreters','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','4dfb6c21-7bc2-49bb-a769-b8e3c960550f','<h2>Japanese Interpreters and Translators</h2>\nOur Japanese interpreters have experience in attorney-client meetings, depositions, trials, hearings, mediations, and more, in both criminal and civil matters. Our interpreters travel all over the world providing impeccable Japanese language services to law firms, the entertainment industry, conferences, and more. Professional Japanese interpreting and translating services can be difficult to secure in parts of California, due to the limited number of court-certified Japanese interpreters in the state, coupled with the fact that most Japanese legal matters are highly technical.\n\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations (CIT) has years-long positive relationships with both court certified and court experienced interpreters, and can provide the highest qualified Japanese interpreters in the state, for even the most technical or specialized matters.\n\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations offers Japanese interpreters and Japanese translators in all dialects. We offer California court-certified and court experienced Japanese interpreters and translators with legal, medical, and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, conferences, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration, patent, copyright infringement, and more.\n\nCal Interpreting &amp; Translations offers comprehensive Japanese language services including interpretation, translation, and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators have been screened, certified, provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and Japanese languages through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. Cal Interpreting and Translations’ Japanese interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Japanese language, as well as of culture and history, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Japanese Language Facts</h2>\n<ul>\n 	<li>Despite the complexity of the language, Japan boasts an adult literacy level of 99%</li>\n 	<li>Unlike some other Asian languages Japanese is not tonal, making pronunciation easier to master</li>\n 	<li>Even though Japanese is only spoken in Japan as first language, there are a number of dialects with considerable variation, including Kansai, Tokyo, Tsugaru, Mikawa, Ibaraki, and more</li>\n 	<li>Japanese uses four distinct systems of writing: kanji, hiragana, katakana, and romaji</li>\n 	<li>Kanji are adopted Chinese characters, and in fact, the word ‘kanji’ means literally ‘Han characters’</li>\n 	<li>In contrast to the hiragana syllabary, which is used for Japanese words not covered by kanji and for grammatical inflections, the katakana syllabary usage is quite similar to italics in English; specifically, it is used for transcription of foreign language words into Japanese and the writing of loan words (collectively <em>gairaigo</em>); for emphasis; to represent onomatopoeia; for technical and scientific terms; and for names of plants, animals, minerals, and often Japanese companies.</li>\n 	<li>Hiragana syllabary is often used for Japanese words not covered by kanji, and for grammatical inflections.</li>\n 	<li>More recently, (1548 to be specific-just like yesterday!) romaji – a romanization of Japanese words – developed as well. <em>Hepburn romanization</em>generally follows English phonology with Romance This makes romaji an intuitive method of demonstrating to Anglophones the pronunciation of a word in Japanese. Hepburn is the most common romanization system in use today, especially in the English-speaking world.</li>\n</ul>\n(Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana)\n\nAs you can see, the language history of the archipelago of Japan is extensive and complex, and Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations takes great pains to ensure that we always provide you and your clients with the most accurate and up to date translation, transcription, and interpretation services.',NULL,'Professional Japanese language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009','japanese'),(6162,6162,1,'Javanese','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','eb2bce82-40f8-4d3c-931e-4b4bf017b8af','Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations provides experienced translators and interpreters for the Javanese language. Javanese language is spoken in central and eastern parts of the island of Java, in Indonesia.',NULL,'Professional Javanese language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009',NULL),(6163,6163,1,'Javanese','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','b5f3da87-444d-4388-ba10-e41f41228415','Cal Interpreting &amp; Translations provides experienced translators and interpreters for the Javanese language. Javanese language is spoken in central and eastern parts of the island of Java, in Indonesia.',NULL,'Professional Javanese language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009',NULL),(6164,6164,1,'Kabyle Language Interpreters and Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','12d372fd-6878-46d9-bc0d-a40e8d664286','<h2>Kabyle interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Kabyle interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Kabyle language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Kabyle language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Kabyle language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Kabyle language, as well as of the culture and history of the Kabyle people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Kabyle Language</h2>\nThe Kabyle language, part of the Northern Berber group of languages in the Afro-Asiatic language family. “Kabyle” is Arabic for “tribesman.” It is mainly spoken in Algeria, in the Tizi Ouzou, Bejaia and Bouia provinces. About half the population of Alegiers, which is the capital of Algeria, speaks Kabyle. It is approximated that around 6 million people worldwide speak Kabyle, including those who speak the language in Europe. It is estimated that around 1 million people in France speak Kabyle.\n\nAbout 5 million of the estimated 6 million Kabyle speakers live in Algeria. However, Arabic is still the official language of Alergia. Kabyle is also taught in schools but only in Kabyle-speaking provinces. It is typically the language spoken at home and in places of trade and market. Along with speaking Arabic, many Kabyle speakers speak French. There are several dialects of the Kabyle language but many are mutually intelligible.\n\nBecause of the location where it is spoken, the Kabyle language shares many similar structural rules as other Berber languages. Kabyle has four vowel phonemes, which are sounds that can change the meaning of a word. There are several consonants as well, including velar, uvular, pharyngeal and glottal. Like many other Afro-Asiatic languages, words in the Kabyle language do not have the consonants of <em>p</em> and <em>v</em>, unless they are in borrowed words. Several consonants can be doubled as well. Grammar in Kabyle is similar to that of the basic features of other Berber languages.\n\nWith regard to the nouns in the Kabyle language, the nouns can be masculine or feminine. Masculine nouns will start with a vowel whereas feminine nouns end with a <em>t</em> sound. Nouns can be described in two numbers, plural or singular. When a noun needs to be classified as plural, it can be marked by changing the vowel of the stem word and adding a suffix, by an internal vowel differentiation or by a combination of words. Adjectives are similar to nouns as they are markd by gender, number and state. Possessive pronouns are attached after a noun. For example, ‘<em>sister my.’</em>\n\nIn Kabyle, verbs must agree with their subject, gender and number. There are three modes for verbs, including indicative, imperative and subjunctive. Two of the imperative forms are simple and intensive. For the vocabulary in basic Kabyle, it is quite similar to other Berber languages. There are borrow words from languages spoken by other Kabyle speakers such as Arabic and French.',NULL,'Professional Kabyle language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009',NULL),(6165,6165,1,'Kabyle Language Interpreters and Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','47e7c9e7-4cd4-4ab6-9bbb-c0e7e060a665','<h2>Kabyle interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Kabyle interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Kabyle language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Kabyle language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Kabyle language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Kabyle language, as well as of the culture and history of the Kabyle people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>The Kabyle Language</h2>\nThe Kabyle language, part of the Northern Berber group of languages in the Afro-Asiatic language family. “Kabyle” is Arabic for “tribesman.” It is mainly spoken in Algeria, in the Tizi Ouzou, Bejaia and Bouia provinces. About half the population of Alegiers, which is the capital of Algeria, speaks Kabyle. It is approximated that around 6 million people worldwide speak Kabyle, including those who speak the language in Europe. It is estimated that around 1 million people in France speak Kabyle.\n\nAbout 5 million of the estimated 6 million Kabyle speakers live in Algeria. However, Arabic is still the official language of Alergia. Kabyle is also taught in schools but only in Kabyle-speaking provinces. It is typically the language spoken at home and in places of trade and market. Along with speaking Arabic, many Kabyle speakers speak French. There are several dialects of the Kabyle language but many are mutually intelligible.\n\nBecause of the location where it is spoken, the Kabyle language shares many similar structural rules as other Berber languages. Kabyle has four vowel phonemes, which are sounds that can change the meaning of a word. There are several consonants as well, including velar, uvular, pharyngeal and glottal. Like many other Afro-Asiatic languages, words in the Kabyle language do not have the consonants of <em>p</em> and <em>v</em>, unless they are in borrowed words. Several consonants can be doubled as well. Grammar in Kabyle is similar to that of the basic features of other Berber languages.\n\nWith regard to the nouns in the Kabyle language, the nouns can be masculine or feminine. Masculine nouns will start with a vowel whereas feminine nouns end with a <em>t</em> sound. Nouns can be described in two numbers, plural or singular. When a noun needs to be classified as plural, it can be marked by changing the vowel of the stem word and adding a suffix, by an internal vowel differentiation or by a combination of words. Adjectives are similar to nouns as they are markd by gender, number and state. Possessive pronouns are attached after a noun. For example, ‘<em>sister my.’</em>\n\nIn Kabyle, verbs must agree with their subject, gender and number. There are three modes for verbs, including indicative, imperative and subjunctive. Two of the imperative forms are simple and intensive. For the vocabulary in basic Kabyle, it is quite similar to other Berber languages. There are borrow words from languages spoken by other Kabyle speakers such as Arabic and French.',NULL,'Professional Kabyle language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009',NULL),(6166,6166,1,'Kannada Language Interpreters and Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','b7e57e7a-421d-4f24-aabf-7324e83292c8','<h2>Kannada interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Kannada interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Kannada language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Kannada language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Kannada language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Kannada language, as well as of the culture and history of the Kannada people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Kannada Language</h2>\nThe Kannada language, also known as Kanrese or Kannana, is part of the Dravidian languages. It is the official language of the Karnatake state in southern Indian. The language is also spoken in many states that border Karnataka. It can be dated back to the 5<sup>th</sup> century while the first literary work titled “The Royal Road of Poets,” known as Kavirajamarga can be traced to the 9<sup>th</sup> century. After this, Pampas <em>Bharata</em> was released in 941 AD. It is believed that the Kannada literature was heavily influenced by Lingayat and the Haridasa.\n\nThe latest census count indicates that approximately 38 milion people speak Kannada as a first language. Another 9 to 10 million people speak it as their second language. In 2008, it became a classical language by the Indian government.\n\nThe Kannada language is one of the oldest of the Dravidian languages. Kannada script has evolved from different types of the Ashokan Brahmi script. It is close to the Telugu script as both came from the Kannarese (Karnataka) script. There are three stages of the languages as historically recorded. They are Old Kannada (450-1200), Middle Kannada (1200-1700) and Modern Kannada (1700-present).\n\nThe Kannada language follows the subject-object-verb word order, just as is done in other Dravidian languages. Verbs can be classified by person, number and gender. Like other Dravidian languages, Kannada used retroflex consonants, meaning that the sounds are pronounced as the tip of the tongue curls to the back of the roof of the mouth. There are voiced and voiceless aspirates in the Kannada language that come from the Indo-Aryan languages as well.\n\nThere are three popular dialects of the Kannada languages. They are the southern dialect, used mainly in Mysore and Bangalore, the northern, and the coastal. There are social varieties as well, which are classified as Brahman, non-Brahman and Dalit.',NULL,'Professional Kannada language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009',NULL),(6167,6167,1,'Kannada Language Interpreters and Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','d2dced3d-9ea5-4d64-bad2-f586fb402c6e','<h2>Kannada interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Kannada interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Kannada language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Kannada language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Kannada language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Kannada language, as well as of the culture and history of the Kannada people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Kannada Language</h2>\nThe Kannada language, also known as Kanrese or Kannana, is part of the Dravidian languages. It is the official language of the Karnatake state in southern Indian. The language is also spoken in many states that border Karnataka. It can be dated back to the 5<sup>th</sup> century while the first literary work titled “The Royal Road of Poets,” known as Kavirajamarga can be traced to the 9<sup>th</sup> century. After this, Pampas <em>Bharata</em> was released in 941 AD. It is believed that the Kannada literature was heavily influenced by Lingayat and the Haridasa.\n\nThe latest census count indicates that approximately 38 milion people speak Kannada as a first language. Another 9 to 10 million people speak it as their second language. In 2008, it became a classical language by the Indian government.\n\nThe Kannada language is one of the oldest of the Dravidian languages. Kannada script has evolved from different types of the Ashokan Brahmi script. It is close to the Telugu script as both came from the Kannarese (Karnataka) script. There are three stages of the languages as historically recorded. They are Old Kannada (450-1200), Middle Kannada (1200-1700) and Modern Kannada (1700-present).\n\nThe Kannada language follows the subject-object-verb word order, just as is done in other Dravidian languages. Verbs can be classified by person, number and gender. Like other Dravidian languages, Kannada used retroflex consonants, meaning that the sounds are pronounced as the tip of the tongue curls to the back of the roof of the mouth. There are voiced and voiceless aspirates in the Kannada language that come from the Indo-Aryan languages as well.\n\nThere are three popular dialects of the Kannada languages. They are the southern dialect, used mainly in Mysore and Bangalore, the northern, and the coastal. There are social varieties as well, which are classified as Brahman, non-Brahman and Dalit.',NULL,'Professional Kannada language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009',NULL),(6168,6168,1,'Kaonde Language Interpreters and Translators','2022-08-11 01:44:07','2022-08-11 01:44:07','6cf6e305-24f3-4914-b74b-e2f1cc2c08f9','<h2>Kaonde interpreters and translators</h2>\nCIT offers Kaonde interpreters and translators with legal, medical and specialty experience, including criminal and civil matters, employee meetings, engineering, patent cases, labor disputes, immigration and more.\n\nAlthough based in Los Angeles, CIT offers comprehensive Kaonde language services including interpretation, translation and transcription, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, worldwide. Our interpreters and translators are native speakers who have been screened, certified, have provided credentials, field tested, and kept up to date with developments in both English and the Kaonde language through means such as lectures, conferences, and travel. CIT’s Kaonde language interpreters and translators possess in depth knowledge of the Kaonde language, as well as of the culture and history of the Kaonde people, allowing them to provide informed and complete interpretation and translation.\n<h2>Kaonde Language</h2>\nThe Kaonde language is a Bantu language spoken primarily in Zambia, although it is also spoken in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Kaonde is one of the seven official local languages of Zambia. As of 2010, there were 240,000 people who spoke Kaonde. In Kambia, the language is spoken in northwest and central regions. Those who speak Kaonde in the Congo are known as Luba. The other language spoken in Chikaonde. Kaonde is also known as Kahonde or Bakahonde.\n\nHistorically speaking, there are three different cultural groups known as the Kaonde. They all have different histories, however. it is believed that the three groups came from the Luba people, thus forming the Democratic Republic of Congo. When they settled in what is now the Congo around the 1500s and 1600s, the Kaonde people had recognized the greatness of the chief of the Lunda empire as their overlord. In the 1700s, many Kaonde chief positions came about. Around the 1800s, many Kaonde chiefs became more prominent. During this time, there were several battles with the Lozi.\n\nThe Kaonde people observe matrilineal descent. They also have a tradition to live with or near the family of the husband, typically in large villages. The main crop that is grow by the Kaonde people is corn, cassava, millet, sorghum, yams, squash and beans. The Kaonde people have traditionally burned fallen trees and then planted their crops. The Kaonde people also gather several wild fruits. Additionally, men hunt small game such as rats, bushbuck and duiker, typically in June and July when it is available.\n\nLike several other Central Bantu speakers, the Kaonde people have an interesting culture. The Kaonde celebrate the first harvest with a traditional ceremony called Juba ja Nsomo. During this ceremony, held on July 6<sup>th</sup>, the chief is given the first harvest and blesses it.',NULL,'Professional Kaonde language interpreting services, or certified translation. No minimum document sizes. Available 24 hours. 888.737.9009',NULL),